•The micropore and mesopore models of bituminous coal were established.•The micromechanical properties of coal molecule unit cells with different pore sizes were studied.•The adsorption and diffusion ...characteristics of coal cells under different deformation characteristics were different.•Diffusion types of CH4 in coal slits under different stress were clarified.
The Variety of roof stress during mining was one of the main factors affecting the adsorption and diffusion characteristics of coalbed methane. CH4 adsorption and diffusion characteristics in micro- and meso-pores of coal under different stress loading were simulated in this study by means of molecular mechanics and molecular dynamics. Firstly, the micro- and meso-pores of coal with four different slit widths (10 Å, 20 Å, 50 Å, and 80 Å, respectively) were established. Then, the stress-strain characteristics of the frameworks under different stress loading were studied by applying uniaxial stress. Finally, the CH4 adsorption and diffusion characteristics in different stress-deformed frameworks were investigated. Under the action of stress loading, the mesoporous framework showed a stronger deformation tendency. This process can be divided into the deformation occurring in the coal molecule and the slit. The energy evolution of coal framework under stress presented an exponential decay trend, which resulted in a decreasing trend in the adsorption amount of CH4 in the framework. Under the loading of 10 GPa external stress, the CH4 absolute adsorption amount in the four frameworks decreased by 65.21 %, 65.21 %, 68.07 %, and 70.98 %, and the excess adsorption amount decreased by 54.33 %, 69.07 %, 69.75 %, and 73.85 %, respectively, compared with the initial framework (σ = 0 GPa). The absolute adsorption amount and self-diffusion coefficient of CH4 both increased with the increasing slit width. In the compression stage of the framework, the heat released by CH4 adsorption showed a decreasing trend, and the self-diffusion coefficient of CH4 showed an increasing trend. However, in the stage of slit compression, the adsorption heat and self-diffusion coefficient tended to increase and decrease, respectively. By analyzing the diffusion types of CH4 in micro- and meso-pores, it was found that, in micropores, transitional and Knudsen diffusion were dominant, while in mesopores, transitional and Fick diffusion were dominant. This study can provide theoretical reference for coal seam gas pre-extraction engineering.
The transmission shaft–rear axle system is consisted of universal joint, hypoid gear pair, tapered roller bearing, and half shaft. In this article, as a combination of system dynamics and structure ...dynamics, a hybrid dynamic model of the bending–torsional–shaft vibration of the driveshaft main reducer was established to study its noise vibration harshness performance. Through dynamic frequency sweep analysis, it is found that the natural frequency of torsional vibration of the system is 53.96 Hz. Getting the natural frequency of the torsional vibration of the systems being 57 Hz by the bench tests and Adams simulations. The correctness of the nonlinear hybrid model of the driveshaft–rear axle system is proved. This research will be beneficial to the design, monitoring, and fault detection of the automobile transmission system.
This paper discusses coordinated control problems for systems over finite fields via fully actuated approach. Novel types of consensus and synchronization, which are irrelevant to initial states, are ...proposed. For different coordinated control problems, suitable controllers are designed, which are able to drive the system to the corresponding trajectory in finite steps. Besides, the conclusions are applied to stabilization, and the convergence time is analyzed. As an application, a camera network example is given to illustrate the results.
Anomalous origin of the coronary artery (AOCA) in coronary arteries represent a rare congenital variation, especially when three or more openings coexist, accompanied by conditions such as myocardial ...infarction, acute heart failure, and severe stenosis in three vessels, making it even rarer. This study reports a rare case of a patient admitted for the first time with acute myocardial infarction. Coronary angiography revealed four openings, along with the aforementioned rare conditions. Guided by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), treatments were administered for different lesions in various vessels. IVUS confirmed a rare case with a 1 mm extremely short left main coronary artery and three openings. The two-year follow-up results for this patient are deemed satisfactory, indicating a favorable prognosis.
Objective
The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the role of an aggressive intravenous hydration protocol of Lactated Ringer’s solution in patients with mild acute pancreatitis (MAP).
Methods
...A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before August 19, 2022. The clinical outcomes were evaluated using the standard mean difference (SMD), mean difference (MD), risk ratio (RR), and 95% confidence interval (CI). The primary outcome was clinical improvement, while the secondary outcomes were the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), relief of epigastric abdominal pain, and length of hospital stay (LoH). Statistical analysis was performed with RevMan 5.4. Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) Working Group system was used to determine the quality of evidences.
Results
There were five RCTs with 370 MAP patients included, and the overall methodological quality was moderate. Aggressive hydration protocol was comparable to standard hydration protocol in terms of clinical improvement (RR = 1.33, 95%CI = 0.95–1.87,
P
= 0.10; very low evidence). Fewer events of SIRS (RR = 0.48, 95%CI = 0.31–0.72,
P
< 0.001; low evidence) and MODS (RR = 0.34, 95%CI = 0.13–0.91,
P
= 0.03; moderate evidence) were reported in patients receiving aggressive hydration protocol. Meanwhile, aggressive hydration protocol also significantly relieved epigastric abdominal pain (SMD = −0.53, 95%CI = −0.81 to −0.25,
P
< 0.001; low evidence) and shorten the LoH (MD = −2.36, 95%CI = −3.17 to −1.55,
P
< 0.001; low evidence) compared with standard hydration protocol.
Conclusion
For patients with MAP, aggressive hydration protocol may be more effective than standard hydration protocol at lowering SIRS and MODS rates, relieving epigastric abdominal pain, and shortening the LoH. Due to the small number of studies that are eligible and poor methodological quality of eligible studies, further studies are required to validate our findings.
Airborne particulate matter (PM) pollution often occurs in the wintertime in northern China, posing a potential threat to human health. To date, there are limited studies about the metals and ...inorganic ions to link source apportionments and health risk assessments in the different size-segregated PM samples. In this study, our samples were collected by a high-volume air sampler from 26 December 2018 to 11 January 2019 in a high population residential area (Beijing). Water-soluble inorganic ions, metal elements in the different size-segregated PM samples were determined for health risk assessments by inhalation of PM. During the sampling period in Beijing, the average concentrations of PM1.1 and PM1.1–2.0 were 39.67 ± 10.66 μg m−3 and 32.25 ± 6.78 μg m−3. Distinct distribution profiles characterized the different elements. The markers of coal combustion Pb, As, and Se had >52% of their mass concentration in PM1.1. The average mass ratios of (NO3− + NO2−)/SO42−, Cl−/Na+, Cl−/K+, and Cl−/(NO3− + NO2−) were 1.68, 6.58, 6.18, and 0.57, which showed that coal combustion and vehicle emissions were the main anthropogenic sources of PM in Beijing in winter. PM1.1 was the major contributor of Pb, Cd, and As for carcinogenic risks (CR) and hazard quotient (HQ). It was indicated that PM1.1 is more harmful than coarse PM. The toxic elements of Cr (VI) (1.12 × 10−6), V (0.69 × 10−6), and As (0.41 × 10−6) caused higher CR for children than Ni, Cd, Co, and Pb. Meanwhile, Pb (35.30 × 10−6) and Ni (21.07 × 10−6) caused higher CR for adults than As, Cr (VI), V, Co, and Cd, especially PM1.1. This study provides detailed composition data and the first report on human health in a high population residential area in Beijing.
Our research aims to estimate the per capita cost of 13 items in the basic public health service (BPHS) project in Zhuhai, China, and provide an economical basis for the improvement of the cost ...compensation mechanism used by the government.
This research is a cross-sectional study.
A total of 19 primary healthcare facilities (PHFs) in Zhuhai, China, are involved in this research.
A total of 152 participants (114 personnel engaged in BPHS, 19 financial personnel and 19 PHF heads) were included in this study, which was conducted from May 2017 to July 2017.
We used the activity-based costing model to calculate the cost of providing BPHS in Zhuhai. An analytical hierarchy process was used to determine the difficulty dimension and workload coefficient.
The weights of the difficulty dimensions in the provision of BPHS in Zhuhai were 35.04% (coordination of residents), 24.03% (staff workload), 21.36% (complexity of work-related skills) and 19.59% (basic qualities of staff). The average difficulty coefficient of each subproject was 5.28. The actual per capita cost of BPHS provision in 2016 was 97.48 RMB (12.76 EUR), which was higher than the actual standard compensation of 55 RMB (7.2 EUR) in Zhuhai. Immunisation was the most costly among the 13 service items (17.82 RMB or 2.33 EUR per person), whereas the management of tuberculosis was the least costly item (0.57 RMB or 0.07 EUR per person).
Government funds for basic public health services cannot compensate for the actual costs. Accordingly, subsidies should be increased based on the actual per capita cost for sustainable BPHS development. The government should improve the methods used in cost estimation and measures used as the basis for awarding performance incentives.
Although disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) have significantly improved the prognosis of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), approximately 40% of RA patients have limited response. ...Therefore, it was essential to explore new biomarkers to improve the therapeutic effects on RA. This study aimed to develop a new biomarker and validate it by an
study.
The RNA-seq and the clinicopathologic data of RA patients were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Differentially expressed genes were screened in the GPL96 and GPL570 databases. Then, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to explore the most correlated gene modules to normal and RA synovium in the GPL96 and GPL570 databases. After that, the differentially expressed genes were intersected with the correlated gene modules to find the potential biomarkers. The CIBERSORT tool was applied to investigate the relationship between activated transcription factor 3 (ATF3) expression and the immune cell infiltration, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to investigate the related signaling pathways of differentially expressed genes in the high and low ATF3 groups. Furthermore, the relationships between ATF3 expression and clinical parameters were also explored in the GEO database. Finally, the role of ATF3 was verified by
cell experiments.
We intersected the differentially expressed genes and the most correlated gene modules in the GPL570 and GPL96 databases and identified that ATF3 is a significant potential biomarker and correlates with some clinical-pharmacological variables. Immune infiltration analysis showed that activated mast cells had a significant infiltration in the high ATF3 group in the two databases. GSEA showed that metabolism-associated pathways belonged to the high ATF3 groups and that inflammation and immunoregulation pathways were enriched in the low ATF3 group. Finally, we validated that ATF3 could promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of RA fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) and MH7A. Flow cytometry showed that ATF3 expression could decrease the proportion of apoptotic cells and increase the proportion of S and G2/M phase cells.
We successfully identified and validated that ATF3 could serve as a novel biomarker in RA, which correlated with pharmacotherapy response and immune cell infiltration.
“Zou Fan” is currently the largest “tree hole” on Weibo, where people having suicidal ideation often express their thoughts and use this channel to seek support. Therefore, early suicide monitoring ...and timely crisis intervention based on artificial intelligence technology are needed for this social media user group. This research was based on the knowledge graph technology, whereby “Tree Hole Intelligent Agent” (i.e., Artificial Intelligence Program) was used to identify “Zou Fan Tree Hole” users at high risk for suicide, and then, the “Tree Hole Action” carried out proactive suicide crisis intervention with them. The “Tree Hole Action” has temporarily prevented 3,629 potential suicides. The “Tree Hole Action” plays a significant role in suicide risk monitoring and crisis intervention for social media users and has been seen to have an important social impact.
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