To evaluate the overall diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), different image features, and different image analysis methods in predicting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with ...cytokeratin 19 (CK19) expression.
A systematic literature search was performed to identify studies using MRI to predict HCC with CK19 expression between 2012 and 2023. Data were extracted to calculate the pooled sensitivity and specificity. Overall diagnostic performance was assessed using areas under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Subgroup analyses were conducted for specific image features and according to image analysis methods (traditional image feature, radiomics, and combined methods). Z-test statistics was used to analyse the differences in diagnostic performance between combined and individual methods.
Eleven studies with 14 datasets (1,278 lesions from 1,264 patients) were included. The overall pooled sensitivity, specificity, and AUC with corresponding 95% confidence intervals were estimated to be 0.72 (0.55, 0.85), 0.88 (0.80, 0.93), and 0.89 (0.86, 0.91) for MRI in predicting HCC with CK19 expression. Combined methods had higher sensitivity than image feature methods (0.86 versus 0.54, p=0.001), with no difference in specificity (0.85 versus 0.87, p=0.641). There were no significant differences between radiomics and combined methods regarding sensitivity (p=0.796) and specificity (p=0.535), respectively.
MRI shows moderate sensitivity and high specificity in identifying HCC with CK19 expression. The application of radiomics can improve the sensitivity of MRI in identifying HCC with CK19 expression.
•MRI has a sensitivity of 72% in identifying CK19 positive hepatocellular carcinoma.•MRI has a specificity of 88% in identifying CK19 positive hepatocellular carcinoma.•Image features has high specificity for CK19 positive hepatocellular carcinoma.•Radiomics can improve the sensitivity for CK19 positive hepatocellular carcinoma.
The electrochemical conversion of low-cost precursors into high-value chemicals using renewably generated electricity is a promising approach to build up an environmentally friendly energy cycle, ...including a storage element. The large-scale implementation of such process can, however, only be realized by the design of cost-effective electrocatalysts with high efficiency and highest stability. Here, we report the synthesis of N and B codoped porous carbons. The constructed B–N motives combine abundant unpaired electrons and frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs). They result in desirable performance for electrochemical N2 reduction reaction (NRR) and electrooxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in the absence of any metal cocatalyst. A maximum Faradaic efficiency of 15.2% with a stable NH3 production rate of 21.3 μg h–1 mg–1 is obtained in NRR. Besides, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is first obtained by using non-metal-based electrocatalysts at a conversion of 71% and with yield of 57%. Gas adsorption experiments elucidate the relationship between the structure and the ability of the catalysts to activate the substrate molecules. This work opens up deep insights for the rational design of non-metal-based catalysts for potential electrocatalytic applications and the possible enhancement of their activity by the introduction of FLPs and point defects at grain boundaries.
An investigation of the properties of HgCdTe films grown by MBE and devices made from such films are reported. Through the precise control of growth conditions and the screening of the Zn component ...of CZT(211)B substrates, high-quality HgCdTe films were successfully deposited onto the CZT(211)B substrates and characterized by x-ray diffraction rocking curve analysis and etch pit density analysis. X-ray rocking curve (422) reflection full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of less than 15 arcsec was obtained for Hg
0.7
Cd
0.3
Te epitaxial films, and etch pit density (EPD) of about 2 × 10
4
cm
−2
was observed. At the same time, the relationship between the FWHM of the x-ray double-crystal rocking curve and EPD was confirmed. By optimizing the pretreatment process of the CZT(211)B substrate, a further significant reduction in HgCdTe macrodefect densities to 54 cm
−2
to 1000 cm
−2
was observed on CdZnTe, including occasional occurrences of very few or no large "void clusters" that are often observed. Planar p-on-n HgCdTe mid-wave infrared (MWIR) focal plane arrays (FPAs) were fabricated based on MBE in situ indium doping and arsenic ion implantation technology. The temperature-dependent performance of planar p-on-n MWIR FPAs shows that the device has the ability to operate at high temperature of about 140 K with high performance.
Bulk and thin samples of Cu
75
Ni
25
(at. pct) alloy were solidified over a range of undercoolings. Unlike the bulk samples, in which grains were significantly refined at undercoolings between 45 K ...and 75 K, the thin samples solidified consistently into developed dendrites till the experimentally achieved largest undercooling of 150 K. The thin samples were subsequently rapidly reheated at a rate of 300 K/s to different target temperatures between the solidus and liquidus temperature interval. Letting the target temperature of heating equal to the highest recalescence temperature in the bulk sample, grain-refined microstructures were obtained in the thin sample that initially solidified at an undercooling between 45 K and 75 K. For the other thin samples, however, the dendritic morphology was still maintained. Raising the target temperature of heating to an enough high level, grain refinement also occurred in these thin samples. It is demonstrated grains are refined only when large-scale remelting occurs in the original dendrite stems with a critical remelted fraction of about 0.82 at the stem center.
CD63 is a member of the four-transmembrane-domain protein superfamily and is the first characterized tetraspanin protein. In the present study, we cloned the common carp (Cyprinus Carpio) CD63 ...(ccCD63) sequence and found that the ccCD63 ORF contained 711 bp and encoded a protein of 236 amino acids. Homology analysis revealed that the complete ccCD63 sequence had 84.08% amino acid similarity to CD63 of Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that ccCD63 was localized in the cytoplasm. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis indicated that ccCD63 was expressed in the gill, intestine, liver, spleen, brain and kidney, with higher expression in spleen and brain tissues than in the other examined tissues. After koi herpesvirus (KHV) infection, these tissues exhibited various expression levels of ccCD63. The expression level was the lowest in the liver and highest in the brain; the expression level in the brain was 8.7-fold higher than that in the liver. Furthermore, knockdown of ccCD63 promoted KHV infection. Moreover, ccCD63 was correlated with the regulation of RIG-I/MAVS/TRAF3/TBK1/IRF3 and may be involved in the antiviral response through the RIG-I viral recognition signalling pathway in a TRAF3/TBK1-dependent manner. Taken together, our results suggested that ccCD63 upregulated the interaction of KHV with the host immune system and suppressed the dissemination of KHV.
•We cloned the common carp CD63 sequence (ccCD63), and the ORF has a length of 711 bp and encodes 236 amino acids. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that ccCD63 is localized in the cytoplasm.•CcCD63 plays a crucial role in innate immune responses and can specifically stimulate the RIG-1 signaling pathway to regulate IFN production and suppress the early stage of KHV replication.•Knockdown of ccCD63 could increase ORF136 levels and promote KHV infection.•CcCD63 was correlated with the regulation of RIG-I/MAVS/TRAF3/TBK1/IRF3 and may be involved in the antiviral response through the RIG-I viral recognition signaling pathway in a TRAF3/TBK1-dependent manner.•We speculate that ccCD63 has a dual function in virus infection and host immune interactions.
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most aggressive urologic cancers, however, the mechanism on supporting RCC carcinogenesis is still not clear. By using gene expression profile analysis and ...functional clustering, PDZ domain-containing 1 (PDZK1) was revealed to be downregulated in human clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) samples, which was also verified in several independent public ccRCC data sets. Using PDZK1 overexpression and knockdown models in ccRCC cell lines, we demonstrated that PDZK1 inhibited cell proliferation, cell cycle G1/S phase transition, cell migration and invasion, indicating a tumor-suppressor role in the development and progression of ccRCC. Our study further demonstrated that PDZK1 inhibited cell proliferation and migration of ccRCC via targeting SHP-1. PDZK1 was further identified to suppress cell proliferation by blocking SHP-1 phosphorylation at Tyr536 via inhibition of the association between SHP-1 and PLCβ3, and then retarding Akt phosphorylation and promoting STAT5 phosphorylation in ccRCC cells. Moreover, the inhibitive effects of PDZK1 on SHP-1 phosphorylation and the tumor growth were verified in vivo by xenograft tumor studies. Accordingly, PDZK1 expression was negatively correlated with SHP-1 activation and phosphorylation, advanced pathologic stage, tumor weight and size, and prognosis of ccRCC patients. These findings have provided first lines of evidences that PDZK1 expression is negatively correlated with SHP-1 activation and poor clinical outcomes in ccRCC. PDZK1 was identified as a novel tumor suppressor in ccRCC by negating SHP-1 activity.
This study aimed to observe the dynamic changes of NUP98::NSD1 expression before and after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) . Moreover, the clinical value of measurable ...residual disease (MRD) was analyzed.
Sixteen AML patients who were diagnosed with the NUP98::NSD1 fusion gene and received allo-HSCT at Peking University People's Hospital were included. The NUP98::NSD1 fusion gene and leukemia-associated immunophenotype (LAIP) were monitored before and after transplantation to evaluate their MRD status.
The median follow-up time for all patients was 526 days (139-1136 days) , with four patients (25.0%) experiencing hematological recurrence at a median of 474 days (283-607 days) after transplantation. Three patients (18.8%) died, two of whom (12.5%) died of leukemia recurrence. The median expression level of NUP98::NSD1 in newly diagnosed patients with complete data was 78.5% (18.9%-184.4%) at the time of initial diagnosis. The recurrence rate was higher in NUP98::NSD1-positive pa
Ni
75
B
25
alloy was solidified at various undercooling. The formation and subsequent transformation of metastable Ni
23
B
6
phase were clearly identified. If undercooling prior to nucleation is less ...than a critical value of 240 K (240 °C), the alloy solidifies completely into Ni
3
B phase. At larger undercooling, metastable Ni
23
B
6
phase primarily forms in the melt but then is decomposed into α-Ni and Ni
3
B through a eutectoid reaction. The decomposition simultaneously triggers the rapid solidification of residual liquid, due to which a second temperature recalescence occurs. The α-Ni/Ni
3
B eutectoid is partially remelted if temperature exceeds the eutectic temperature during the second recalescence. Then, residual Ni
3
B grows into coarse round grains while the remaining liquid re-solidifies into α-Ni/Ni
3
B eutectic structure in the remelted region. In the case that the eutectic temperature is not reached, the eutectoid product with dot α-Ni distributing in Ni
3
B matrix is retained in the solidification structure. A longer delay time between the two temperature recalescence events means less residual liquid, lower recalescence temperature and thus depressed remelting. The formation competition between Ni
3
B and Ni
23
B
6
phases in the alloy melt is nucleation controlled. The heterogeneous site in Ni
75
B
25
alloy melt is a better nucleation substrate for Ni
23
B
6
phase than for Ni
3
B phase.
Graphical abstract
•A rigid-flexible coupling vehicle dynamic was established with gear meshing excitation.•Teeth backlash and time-varying sliding friction were considered into torsional vibration model.•Internal ...excitation from traction units was included to ensure the operation safety and reliability.•Fatigue life was significantly improved by adopting S355J2W and weld toe polishing.
Railway welded bogie is usually subjected to extremely complex fatigue loads, producing huge failure hazard. However, only external excitations from the wheel-rail system are considered when assessing the fatigue performance by most of the standards. Therefore, a novel approach for assessing the lifetime of a powered bogie frame considering internal excitation was proposed in this paper. To achieve this, a modified torsional vibration model considering gear meshing was first established. The calculated results were then input into a rigid-flexible coupled vehicle dynamic model to estimate the dynamic response and hence the cumulative damage was determined. This approach was applied to assess the lifetime of a weld polished bogie frame. The results indicate that internal excitation should be considered to determine the service lifetime.
In 2012, the World Health Organization (WHO) released tenofovir/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) as pre-exposure prophylaxis drug to help people at risk of HIV infection in specific populations, and various ...clinical trials and real-world data have confirmed the effectiveness of TDF/FTC in preventing HIV infection. In 2019, propofol tenofovir combined with emtricitabine (TAF/FTC) was approved in the United States as the second oral drug for pre-exposure prophylaxis(PrEP). However, for people who cannot take the drug or have poor adherence to the drug, second-generation PrEP, or long-acting antiretrovirals, provide more options. This artical reviewed the research progress of the first generation of oral PrEP and the new PrEP developed in recent years to provide reference for the promotion of HIV PrEP in China.
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