In recent years, the scale of rural land transfer has gradually expanded, and the phenomenon of non-grain-oriented cultivated land has emerged. Obtaining crop planting information is of the utmost ...importance to guaranteeing national food security; however, the acquisition of the spatial distribution of crops in large-scale areas often has the disadvantages of excessive calculation and low accuracy. Therefore, the IO-Growth method, which takes the growth stage every 10 days as the index and combines the spectral features of crops to refine the effective interval of conventional wavebands for object-oriented classification, was proposed. The results were as follows: (1) the IO-Growth method obtained classification results with an overall accuracy and F1 score of 0.92, and both values increased by 6.98% compared to the method applied without growth stages; (2) the IO-Growth method reduced 288 features to only 5 features, namely Sentinel-2: Red Edge1, normalized difference vegetation index, Red, short-wave infrared2, and Aerosols, on the 261st to 270th days, which greatly improved the utilization rate of the wavebands; (3) the rise of geographic data processing platforms makes it simple to complete computations with massive data in a short time. The results showed that the IO-Growth method is suitable for large-scale vegetation mapping.
Land use change could affect the carbon sink of terrestrial ecosystems, implying that future carbon storage could be estimated by simulating land use patterns, which is of great significance for the ...ecological environment. Therefore, the patterns of future land use and carbon storage under the combination scenarios of different Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) and Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) of the Yangtze River Delta were simulated by introducing weight matrices into the Markov model and combining the PLUS and InVEST models. The results revealed that the woodland expands greatly during 2020–2060 under the SSP1-RCP2.6 scenario, and the carbon storage of 2060 is at a high level with an estimated value of 5069.31 × 106 t and an average annual increase of 19.13 × 106 t, indicating that the SSP1-RCP2.6 scenario contributes to the improvement of carbon storage. However, the area of built-up land is increasing under the SSP5-RCP8.5 scenario, and the estimated value of carbon storage is 3836.55 × 106 t, with an average annual decrease of 11.69 × 106 t, indicating that the SSP5-RCP8.5 scenario negatively affects carbon sink. Besides, the SSP2-RCP4.5 scenario causes almost no effect on land use change and carbon storage. The above results can help policymakers manage land use patterns and choose the best development scenario.
Deep learning can extract complex and high-dimensional characteristic information with its deep structure, effectively exploring the complex relationship between landslides and their numerous ...influencing factors, and ultimately, more accurately predict future landslide disasters. This study builds a landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM) method based on deep learning, compares the frequency ratio (FR) sampling method with a buffer random sampling method, and performs resampling operations of landslide and non-landslide samples to explore the applicability of deep learning in LSM. In addition, six indices, precision, accuracy, recall, ROC, and the harmonic mean F1 of accuracy and recall were selected for quantitative comparison. The results show that both the resampling method proposed in this paper and the non-landslide sample selection method based on FR can significantly improve the accuracy of the model, with the area under curve (AUC) increasing by 1.34–8.82% and 3.98–7.20%, respectively, and the AUC value can be improved by 5.32–9.66% by combining the FR selection and resampling methods. Furthermore, all the deep learning models constructed in this study can obtain accurate and reliable landslide susceptibility analysis results compared to traditional models.
Standardized training allows more physicians to master otoendoscopic surgery. However, the lecture-based learning (LBL) applied in otoendoscopy teaching may not be conducive to training students in ...clinical thinking and surgical ability. It is necessary to explore innovative methods for otoendoscopy teaching. This study aimed to determine the effect of a step-by-step (SBS) method combined with case-based learning (CBL) in otoendoscopy teaching.
Fifty-nine physicians who participated in otoendoscopy training were selected as the study subjects and randomly divided into two groups (A and B). Group A underwent training with the SBS & CBL method, while Group B underwent training with the LBL & CBL method. The effects of these two methods for otoendoscopy training were compared by evaluation of professional skills and questionnaires before and after the training.
Proficiency in otoendoscopic anatomy and grades for both professional knowledge and otoendoscopic skills were significantly higher in Group A than in Group B(P < 0.05). In terms of learning interest, surgical ability, acting capacity during surgery, reducing surgical complications, and satisfaction with learning experience, all responses from Group A were better than those from Group B(P < 0.05).
The SBS & CBL method may help to improve ability in otoendoscopic surgery and clinical thinking and appears suitable for endoscopy teaching.
•Black phosphorus is prepared at large scale by reducing PCl5 with metallic Al in melt AlCl3 at 270 °C.•Through gradient centrifugation, gram-scale black phophorus quantum dots can be obtained.•The ...as-prepared black phosphorus used as anode for lithium ion battery exhibits a high specific capacity of 1610 mAh g−1 with cycle life up to 1000 cycles.
Black phosphorus (BP) is a new layered material in concept, which has attracted great interest due to its fascinating optical and electrochemical properties. Here, we report the large scale synthesis of BP (20 g) by reducing PCl5 with metallic Al in melt AlCl3 at 300 °C. X-ray diffraction indicates the orthorhombic structure of BP and Raman spectrum shows that there is no obvious impurities. BP samples consist of micron-sized clusters of about 2 µm aggregated by flake-like nanoparticles with 20–100 nm. When used as anode materials for lithium ion battery, it exhibits a high specific capacity of 1610 m Ah g−1 at a current density of 0.1C, and cycle life up to 1000 cycles at a current density of 5C. In addition, through gradient centrifugation of as-prepared BP samples, gram-scale BP quantum dots can be obtained.
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Although rechargeable zinc‐ion batteries are promising candidates for next‐generation energy storage devices, their inferior performance at subzero temperatures limits their practical application. ...Here, a strategy to destroy the H‐bond network by adding synergistic chaotropic regents is reported, thus reducing the freezing point of the aqueous electrolyte below −90 °C. Owing to the synergistic chaotropic effect between urea and Zn(ClO4)2 and the thermal release effect on the cathode interface during charging, Zn//VO2 batteries feature a specific capacity of 111.4 mAh g−1 and stability after ≈1000 cycles with 81.9% capacity retention at −40 °C. This work demonstrates that the synergistic chaotropic effect and the thermal effect on the interface can effectively widen the operation range of temperature of aqueous electrolytes and maintain fast kinetics, which provides a new design strategy for all‐weather aqueous zinc batteries.
An aqueous electrolyte with a freezing‐point below −90 °C is designed for low‐temperature zinc ion batteries. The chaotropic effect of ClO4− and urea restructures the H‐bond network in the electrolyte. Benefiting the thermal release at the cathode interface during charging, the Zn//VO2 battery exhibits outstanding rate performance and capacity retention at −40 °C.
Aqueous rechargeable proton batteries are attractive due to the small ionic radius, light mass, and ultrafast diffusion kinetics of proton as charge carriers. However, the commonly used acidic ...electrolyte is usually very corrosive to the electrode material, which seriously affects the cycle life of the battery. Here, it is proposed that decreasing water activity and limiting proton concentration can effectively prevent side reactions of the MoO3 anode such as corrosion and hydrogen precipitation by using a lean‐water hydrogel electrolyte. The as‐prepared polyacrylamide (PAAM)‐poly2‐acrylamide‐2‐methylpropanesulfonic acid (PAMPS)/MnSO4 (PPM) hydrogel electrolyte not only has abundant hydrophilic groups that can form hydrogen bonds with free water and inhibit solvent‐electrode interaction, but also has fixed anions that can maintain a certain interaction with protons. The assembled MoO3||MnO2 full battery can stably cycle over 500 times for ≈350 h with an unprecedented capacity retention of 100% even at a low current density of 0.5 A g−1. This work gives a hint that limiting free water as well as proton concentration is important for the design of electrolytes or interfaces in aqueous proton batteries.
PPM hydrogel electrolytes with the ability to control free water and proton concentration are used in APBs, which greatly inhibits interface side reactions such as corrosion and hydrogen precipitation. Ex‐situ XRD shows the intercalation/deintercalation of naked protons in MoO3, and the cycling stability of the whole battery is significantly improved.
Aqueous rechargeable proton batteries are attractive due to the small ionic radius, light mass, and ultrafast diffusion kinetics of proton as charge carriers. However, the commonly used acidic ...electrolyte is usually very corrosive to the electrode material, which seriously affects the cycle life of the battery. Here, it is proposed that decreasing water activity and limiting proton concentration can effectively prevent side reactions of the MoO
anode such as corrosion and hydrogen precipitation by using a lean-water hydrogel electrolyte. The as-prepared polyacrylamide (PAAM)-poly2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (PAMPS)/MnSO
(PPM) hydrogel electrolyte not only has abundant hydrophilic groups that can form hydrogen bonds with free water and inhibit solvent-electrode interaction, but also has fixed anions that can maintain a certain interaction with protons. The assembled MoO
||MnO
full battery can stably cycle over 500 times for ≈350 h with an unprecedented capacity retention of 100% even at a low current density of 0.5 A g
. This work gives a hint that limiting free water as well as proton concentration is important for the design of electrolytes or interfaces in aqueous proton batteries.
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a key regulator in the development and progression of human cancers, however its role in osteosarcoma tumorigenesis is not well understood. The present study aims to ...investigate the expression profiles and potential modulation of circRNA on osteosarcoma carcinogenesis. Human circRNA microarray was performed to screen for abnormally expressed circRNA in osteosarcoma tissue and circRNA-0008717 was identified as one circRNA significantly upregulated in osteosarcoma tissue. Osteosarcoma patients with high circRNA-0008717 expression had shortened survival. Gain and loss functional assays suggested that knockdown of circRNA-0008717 suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion, but promoted cell apoptosis. By using biotin-labeled circRNA-0008717 probe to perform RNA precipitation in osteosarcoma cells, we identified miR-203 as the circ0008717-associated microRNA. Subsequently, Bmi-1 was identified as the functional target of miR-203. In addition, overexpression of circRNA-0008717 in osteosarcoma could elevate Bmi-1 expression, resulting in the promotion of osteosarcoma cell proliferation and invasion. Furthermore, the tumor promoting effect of circRNA-0008717 was abolished by miR-203 mimics or Bmi-1 silencing vector. In conclusion, circRNA-0008717 plays an oncogenic role in osteosarcoma and may serve as a promising prognostic biomarker for osteosarcoma patients. Therefore, silence of circRNA-0008717 could be a future direction to develop a novel treatment strategy.
Results PBMCs from allergic rhinitis and asthma patients were more sensitive to epithelium-derived cytokines than health group. In co-culture, human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)-derived ...MSCs (iPSC-MSCs) significantly reduced IL2/25/33 induced IL-5 and IL-13 production by ILC2, which was reversed by transwell separation. iPSC-MSCs expressed higher PDL1 and PDL2 than control.
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