There have been controversial findings for the effectiveness of rehabilitation before operation after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study aimed to conduct an updated, comprehensive systematic ...review. On that basis, the review was to be combined with meta-analysis to measure the effects of rehabilitation before operation on functions and pain after TKA.
Articles were searched by using Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane, Pubmed, CNKI, Wanfang, Weipu and the Chinese Biomedical Database from the beginning to December 10, 2021. The major outcomes included pain, knee flexion and extension, as well as knee range of motion (ROM). Secondary outcomes included timed-up-and-go (TUG), 6-min walk, and patient-reported functional outcome (the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) or Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC)). Third outcomes included the length of hospital stay.
Nineteen studies recruiting 1008 patients satisfied with the inclusion criteria. Significant difference was identified in knee flexion, TUG, KOOS (knee-associated life quality and functions in sports and recreation), as well as the length of hospital stay (P < 0.05). Insignificant statistical difference was identified in pain, 6-min walk, ROM, knee extension, KOOS (pain, symptoms and function of daily living) after TKA between the two groups. No difference was found between the groups in WOMAC.
Preoperative rehabilitation could significantly shorten hospital stay, whereas there is not any conclusive evidence of the improvement of postoperative functions. Accordingly, in-depth high-quality studies should be conducted to confirm the effectiveness of preoperative rehabilitation in patients having received TKA.
To evaluate the characteristics of forearm muscle activity in children with ulnar and radius fractures during different follow-up periods by surface electromyography.
A retrospective analysis was ...performed on 20 children with ulnar and radius fractures treated with an elastic intramedullary nail from October 2020 to December 2021. All children were treated with transcubital casts after surgery. At 2 months and before taking out the elastic intramedullary nail, surface electromyographic signals were collected on the flexor/extension of the wrist and the maximum arbitrary isometric contraction of the grip strength in the forearm flexor and extensor muscles of the forearm. The root-mean-square values and integrated EMG values of the superficial flexor and extensor digitalis of the healthy side and the affected side were collected at the last follow-up and 2 months after surgery, and the co-systolic ratio was calculated. The root-mean-square values and co-systolic ratio were compared and analyzed, and the Mayo wrist function score was evaluated.
The mean follow-up time was (8.4 ± 2.85) months. Mayo scores were (87.42 ± 13.01) and (97.69 ± 4.50) points at the last follow-up and two months after surgery, respectively (
< 0.05). In the test of grip strength, 2 months after surgery, the grip strength of the affected side was lower than that of the healthy side (
< 0.05), and the maximum and mean values of the superficial flexor of the affected side were lower than those of the healthy side (
< 0.05). At the last follow-up, there was no difference in the grip strength between the affected side and the healthy side (
> 0.05), and no difference in the maximum RMS, mean RMS and cooperative contraction ratio of the superficial flexor and digital extensor muscles between the affected side and the healthy side (
> 0.05).
Satisfactory results can be obtained after elastic intramedullary napping in children with ulnar and radius fractures. However, 2 months after surgery, the grip strength of the affected side is small, and the electrical activity of the forearm muscle is low during flexion and extension activities of the wrist joint, which has not returned to normal, suggesting that children orthopaedic clinicians should remind children to conduct timely and effective rehabilitation training after the removal of the cast.
This study provides specific guidelines for allocating resources by determining the positive and negative interrelationships as well as the sensitive criteria and factors of the semiconductor supply ...chain. However, revealing these compound interrelationships enables the semiconductor supply chain to accelerate the sustainable transition effectively and efficiently. Previous studies have introduced the sustainable transition without considering the compound interrelationships for guiding the semiconductor supply chain. The proposed hybrid digital twin sensitivity analysis method used in this study integrates clustering, machine learning, a cloud model, and the Monte Carlo simulation method. The contributions of the study are as follows: (1) the discovered factors strengthen the theoretical basis of the sustainable transition; (2) the proposed hybrid method reveals compound interrelationships by utilizing insufficient data; and (3) these compound interrelationships are presented in a visual diagram to provide guidelines for allocating resources to promote the sustainable transition. In practice, the total chromium and power consumption are the sensitive criteria influencing sustainable finance; technological innovations are influenced by the revenue and production area.
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Type III polyketide synthases play significant roles in the biosynthesis of multiple plant secondary metabolites and plant adjustment to environmental stresses.
AsPECPS
, a type III polyketide ...synthase, is the key enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of 2-(2-phenylethyl) chromone derivatives which are the main components determining the quality of agarwood and special defensive substances of
Aquilaria sinensis
. However, the functions of
AsPECPS
in plant resistance have not been shown. Our findings indicated that
AsPECPS
was localized in the cytoplasm and cell wall. The expression of
AsPECPS
was significantly induced by salt stress and abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. Heterologous overexpression of
AsPECPS
in
Nicotiana benthamiana
enhanced the salt-stress tolerance at post-gemination stage showed by the transgenic plants with increased fresh weight, height, root length, and number of lateral roots. Furthermore, the overexpressing lines (OE) in soil retained more lateral roots, more proline content and lower malondialdehyde content under salinity stress. Additionally,
AsPECPS
-OE plants were less sensitive to ABA as indicated through the OE lines showing higher gemination rate, greater survival rate, and better growth characteristics. Further analyses demonstrated that the transgenic plants accumulated lower levels of ROS through down-regulating the expression of
Rboh
family genes and up-regulating the expression and activities of antioxidant enzymes under salt stress and ABA treatment. Overexpression of
AsPECPS
modulated the abundance of genes associated with ABA signaling pathway under ABA treatment. Taken together, our results indicated that overexpression of
AsPECPS
in
N. benthamiana
enhanced the plant tolerance to salt and ABA stresses.
Key Message
Overexpression of
AsPECPS
in
N. benthamiana
, a type III polyketide synthase involved in the biosynthesis of 2-(2-phenylethyl) chromone, enhanced the plant tolerance to salt and ABA stresses.
Graphical abstract
This study aimed to assess the surface electromyogram (sEMG) signal characteristics of the muscle around the hip joint after Pemberton osteotomy in children with unilateral developmental dysplasia of ...the hip (DDH). A total of 21 children with unilateral DDH who had received Pemberton osteotomy were selected as the DDH group, and 21 healthy children of the same age were selected as the control group. The children in both groups were tested using sEMG, the Root mean square (RMS) values of the tensor fascia lata, rectus femurs, and medial head of the hamstring and gluteus maximum on both sides in standing and walking status were recorded. The value on the affected side in the DDH group was compared with the value on the healthy side himself and the value in the control group. The mean postoperative follow-up in the DDH group was 27.76 ± 24.30 months. The RMS value of the affected gluteus maximum muscle in the DDH group was significantly larger while standing (P < 0.05), the RMS value of bilateral tensor fascia lata muscle was significantly larger while walking (P < 0.05), and the RMS value of the affected hamstring muscle medial head was significantly less in the DDH group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). An asymmetry and compensatory increase in the sEMG activity of the muscles around the hip joint when standing and walking was noted in children with unilateral DDH who underwent Pemberton osteotomy combined with a femoral osteotomy. The rehabilitation training of the muscles around the hip joint after unilateral DDH should be strengthened.
Benth (GEB), also known as heartbreak grass, is a highly poisonous plant belonging to the family
and genus
that has broad application prospects in medicine. This article reviews its chemical ...components, pharmacological effects, toxicity mechanisms, and research progress in clinical applications in recent years. Indole alkaloids are the main active components of GEB and have a variety of pharmacological and biological functions. They have anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and immunomodulation properties, with the therapeutic dose being close to the toxic dose. Application of small-dose indole alkaloids fails to work effectively, while high-dose usage is prone to poisoning, aggravating the patient's conditions. Special caution is needed, especially to observe the changes in the disease condition of the patients in clinical practice. In-depth research on the chemical components and mechanisms of GEB is essential to the development of promising lead compounds and lays the foundation for extensive clinical application and safe usage of GEB in the future.
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•LDH nanosheets were confined to prepare a new millimeter-sized nanocomposite.•It exhibits high thermal, mechanical, and chemical stability.•It shows high adsorption capacity and ...preferable uptake toward phosphate.•The exhausted nanocomposite could be effectively regenerated and used repeatedly.•Satisfactory treatment volume and hydraulic characteristics were observed in fixed-bed.
The efficient removal of phosphate from waters is critical to mitigating eutrophication. Recently, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have been believed to be promising adsorbents for phosphate removal. Nevertheless, the scaled-up application of LDHs is limited by the difficulties of separation, excessive pressure drops, and potential metal leaching. In this study, a millimeter-sized nanocomposite, MgAl-201, was fabricated by impregnating Mg/Al LDH nanosheets into a polystyrene anion exchanger D201. The resulting MgAl-201 combines the inherent affinity of Mg/Al LDH toward phosphate and the excellent hydrodynamic performance of the support material. Benefiting from the shielding effect from the cross-linked polymeric host, MgAl-201 exhibits satisfactory chemical stability in the range of pH 3–11 with a negligible metal release. Adsorption experiments show that MgAl-201 has superb applicability to neutral phosphate-contaminated waters. It reaches adsorption equilibrium within 270 min, and the maximum adsorption capacity calculated by the double Langmuir model is 52.0 mg/g. Meanwhile, MgAl-201 exhibits more preferable adsorption toward phosphate than D201 when coexisting anions are at relatively high levels. FTIR and XPS surveys revealed that two distinct adsorption interactions were involved in phosphate removal, that is, electrostatic interactions from the quaternary ammonium groups bonded on the host and the interlayer exchangeable anions in the encapsulated Mg/Al LDH, and specific inner-sphere complexation from the −OH groups in the Mg/Al LDH layers. For wastewater application, a satisfactory treatable volume of 580 BV was achieved to reduce the effluents from 2.0 mg/L to 0.5 mg/L, which was up to 8 times that of the traditional anion exchanger D201. Furthermore, MgAl-201 could be easily regenerated using the Na2CO3-NaCl binary solution and maintained good reusability without significant capacity loss after 5 adsorption-desorption cycles. The results suggest that MgAl-201 is of great application capability for preferable phosphate sequestration in advanced wastewater treatment.
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Main purpose of present study was to enhance the therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of colon adenocarcinoma by combining the benefits of chemotherapy and gene therapy. In this ...study, we have successfully formulated oxaliplatin (OXL) and miRNA-204-5p loaded polyethyleneimine (PEI)/hyaluronic acid (HA)-assembled mesoporous silica nanoparticles (OXmi-HSMN). Our study, for the first time, proved that miRNA-204-5p can generate a synergistic anticancer effect with OXL with HMSN, and thus improve the effects of therapeutic efficacy in colon cancers. In vitro targeting studies showed that OXmi-HSMN exhibited higher uptake efficiency in CD44 receptor over-expressed HT-29 cells via CD44 receptor-mediated endocytosis. OXmi-HMSN exhibited a higher cell cytotoxicity compared to any other formulations indicating that internalization via CD44 receptor-mediated endocytosis increased the anticancer effect. The OXmi-HMSN showed significantly higher pre-apoptotic cells (43.9%) with significant apoptosis fractions (upper right quadrant − 20%) indicating the superior anticancer efficacy in terms of apoptosis inducing potentials. Importantly, OXmi-HMSN caused conspicuous inhibition of tumor growth and was significantly greater than that of either OXL or OXL-MSN (p < 0.0001). OXmi-HMSN showed 30% of TUNEL positive cells compared to 8% TUNEL positive cells for free OXL and 6% for free miRNA-204-5p treated group indicating the wide spread apoptosis of cells throughout the tissue section. Current study provides a delivery platform for dual therapeutics for enhanced therapeutic efficacy in the management of colon cancer.
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