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•g-C3N4-10% V-TiO2 hybrid was prepared via a simply calcination and hydrothermal approach.•The heterostructure has exhibited good electron-hole separation efficiency by induced ...surface-states of the coupled V-TiO2.•Optimal degradation rate of MB dye reached 99.5% for 60 min which is almost 5.7 and 4.8 times of g-C3N4 nanosheet and TiO2.•Hydroxyl radical and holes as the vital role’s reactive species in photodegradation of MB dye.•The hybrid catalyst with extended visible light active photocatalyst, superior cycle stability and bacterial disinfection.
Improving visible-light active photocatalytic performance of the heterostructured g-C3N4-V-TiO2 (g-C3N4-Vanadium-TiO2) hybrid catalyst has been synthesized via facile calcination and ultrasonic dispersion facilitated hydrothermal techniques were considered. The phase composition, morphology, surface area, chemical structure as well as optical properties were systematically characterized. HR-TEM images were exposed good crystallinity of g-C3N4-10% V-TiO2 nanocomposite (size ˜ 35–40 nm) with V-TiO2 porous discrete on g-C3N4 nanosheets. Too occurred in high pore volume and large surface area (91.5 m2 g−1) of g-C3N4-10% V-TiO2 hybrid catalyst compared than pristine g-C3N4. The 10% g-C3N4-V-TiO2 photocatalyst shows substantial photocatalytic activity, 5.7 and 4.8 times higher that pristine g-C3N4 nanosheets and TiO2 under visible light with the degradation efficiency over 99.5% for 60 min. Besides, the recycling test specified that the g-C3N4-10% V-TiO2 photocatalyst had admirable stability up to 5 sequential cycles. The trapping assessments which authorize that OH− radicals and h+ plays an active role in the degradation process and the separation of photoinduced charges transversely the heterostructure boundary reserved electron-hole recombination they were good agree with PL studies. Moreover, g-C3N4-10% V-TiO2 composite catalyst show high catalytic antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (G−) and the Staphylococcus aureus (G+) bacteria.
In this study, organic acids were used as cross-linker with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films prepared by a solution-casting method for food packing applications. The effect of incorporating three ...different organic acids, i.e., malic acid (MA), tartaric acid (TA), and lactic acid (LA), on the physicochemical and biological properties of PVA was explored in detail. The crystalline phase, optical absorption, and functional groups were examined via UV–Vis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Thermal, microstructural, and surface investigations were conducted by thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy, and the antibacterial activity was evaluated. The surface topography and roughness were found to have a strong effect on the bactericidal properties of the films, as confirmed by atomic force microscopy. Among the considered films, PVA/LA exhibited the highest bacterial inhibition, which was largely due to its capacity to modify the local pH and alter the permeability of the microbial layer by disrupting bacteria–substrate interaction. In general, the composite film was found to have attractive properties and can be considered as a food packaging material with low environmental impact based on polyvinyl alcohol.
In this work, an Ag2O modified g-C3N4/TiO2 ternary heterogeneous photocatalyst was prepared through simple calcination and efficient hydrothermal synthesis way. The as-prepared composites were ...analyzed by powder XRD, FT-IR, HRSEM with EDX mapping, HRTEM, XPS, UV-Vis DRS and PL spectra respectively. The Ag2O modified g-C3N4/TiO2 photocatalyst displays a narrower bandgap and improved the RhB dye photo-degradation efficiency was reached at ~94.5% for 60 min under visible light exposure. Also, the reaction rate constant (k) of RhB dye and phenolic impurities degradation efficiencies for g-C3N4/TiO2-Ag2O PCs was 5.8 and 4.97 folds higher than that of pristine g-C3N4. Besides, the g-C3N4/TiO2-Ag2O composite PCs sustained superior photo-degradation performance after the five reusability tests, indicating excellent stability and durability. The excellent photocatalytic performance has been attributed to the synergistic heterostructured formation between Ag/Ag2O among g-C3N4/TiO2 composites, which facilitates the interfacial electron separation/transfer, and great visible-light utilization ability. For experimental results, a possible photo-degradation mechanism was also proposed.
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•Ag2O modified g-C3N4/TiO2 photocatalyst was prepared by hydrothermal synthesis way.•g-C3N4/TiO2-Ag2O displayed 5.8 times superior to g-C3N4 degradation efficiency.•g-C3N4/TiO2-Ag2O catalyst ensured superior degradation process after five recycling.•A possible photo-degradation mechanism was also proposed.•Ag2O SPR effect was deposited on the g-C3N4/TiO2 surface plays an electron bridge.
Packaging is a growing field of interest, and the use of nanotechnology is accelerating its expansion. The study reports the fabrication of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) blended sodium alginate (SA) and ...incorporated with different ratios of histidine‐capped silver (H‐AgNPs) nanoparticle films. Fabrication of PVA/SA/H‐AgNPs films was confirmed with the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band denoted AgNPs presence between 400 and 420 nm measured by UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy. The characteristics of the polymeric biocomposite films were significantly altered by different ratios of AgNPs. The interaction of PVA/SA and PVA/SA with AgNPs was analyzed by using FT‐IR analysis. The degree of crystallinity was increased upon increasing the concentration of H‐AgNPs as confirmed by XRD measurements. The homogeneity of dispersion and surface morphology of samples were studied by FESEM. The addition of H‐AgNPs in the polymeric film increased the surface roughness of the polymeric film confirmed by AFM analysis. The contact angle of the PVA/SA blend matrix was observed to be 46.97°, and with the incorporation of AgNPs ranging from 3%, 5%, and 7% to the blend matrix, the contact angle of the nanocomposite films in increasing hydrophobic order was 60.53°, 83.57°, and 96.20°, respectively. The incorporation of AgNPs also demonstrates that the PVA/SA blend matrix has desirable thermal stability. The improved qualities were due to H bonding between PVA, SA, and H‐AgNPs, in which molecules contact strongly with one another. Furthermore, the PVA/SA/H‐AgNPs showed significant antibacterial activity against both Gram‐positive (G+) strains (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram‐negative (G−) strains (Escherichia coli) bacterial infections. The findings of this research indicate that the PVA/SA/H‐AgNPs fabricated composite films considerable for applications in food packaging.
Chemically activated cotton nut shell carbons （CTNSCs） were prepared by different chemicals and they were used for the removal of fluoride from aqueous solution. Effects of adsorption time, adsorbent ...dose, pH of the solution, initial concentration of fluoride, and temperature of the solution were studied with equilibrium, ther- modynamics and kinetics of the adsorption process by various CTNSC adsorbents. It showed that the chemically activated CTNSCs can effectively remove fluoride from the solution. The adsorption equilibrium data correlate well with the Freundlich isotherm model. The adsorption of fluoride by the chemically activated CTNSC is spon- taneous and endothermic in nature. The pseudo first order, pseudo second order and intra particle diffusion kinetic models were applied to test the experimental data. The pseudo second order kinetic model provided a better correlation of the experimental data in comparison with the pseudo-first-order and intra particle diffusion models, A mechanism of fluoride adsorption associating chemisorption and physisorption processes is presented allowing the discussion of the variations in adsorption behavior between these materials in terms of specific surface area and porosity. These data suggest that chemically activated CTNSCs are promising materials for fluoride somtion.
A facile, rapid one-step green strategy is established here to prepare the
l
-Histidine (His) capped silver nanoparticles (His-AgNPs) using microwave irradiation conditions performed for optimal ...duration of 5 min. For the prepared His-AgNPs have been characterized by X-ray powder diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), Zeta potential measurements and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and UV–Vis spectroscopy techniques also. The HR-SEM images have exposed that flake-like internal structure formation of His-AgNPs with sort nanometer-sized spherical shape morphology has attained. As well, studies prove that, the antibacterial activities of synthesized His-AgNPs had a significant performance against various G
+
and G
−
bacteria. Then, the photocatalytic actions of His-AgNPs seem to contain sustaining degradation of MB and MO aqueous dyes under visible light exposure. Overall, the 98% of cationic MB dye degraded within 40 min and 97% anionic MO dye degraded within 100 min of photocatalytic irradiation. The probable mechanism for the improved photocatalytic assets of the His-AgNPs is also discussed. Hence, this study validated a simple and economical approach to synthesize His-AgNPs that are potential candidates for various highly useful industrial and packaging applications.
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•The hulls of rice (Oryza sativa L.) are isolated compound momilactone A.•In FT-IR, UV–vis, 1H NMR are used to identify the compound in these spectrums.•Momilactone A is used to ...inhibit the mild steel corrosion in 1 MHCl.•In SEM and EDX reveals the formation of protective layer for mild steel.•The momilactone A are used as a good corrosion protection in mild steel specimens.
Momilactone A was isolated from rice hulls (Oryza sativa L.) using ethyl acetate as the solvent. Momilactone A has been investigated as a green inhibitor for the very first time. The result confirm highly efficient inhibition of the proposed isolated compound. As long as we know this is the first rice hull isolated compound to be reported for green inhibition properties. Mild steel is widely used in many industries. The corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 1M HCl solution using momilactone A has been studied using electrochemical studies. Momilactone A maximum inhibition efficiency of 88% was achieved by using 1000ppm.
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We here report a simple fabrication of tin incorporated chitosan polymer matrix coated pencil graphite electrode Sn/Cs/PGE for the electrochemical detection of riboflavin (RF). The ...tin incorporated chitosan polymer was prepared by mixing tin chloride in an aqueous acidic chitosan solution and the fabrication of Sn/Cs/PGE was done by simple immersion method for the first time. The surface characterization of the electrode sensor was carried out by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and elemental mapping analysis. Electrochemical characterization was performed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) using 0.1 M KCl containing K3Fe(CN)6. These results revealed that the Sn/Cs/PGE shows a sensitive and fast electrocatalytic response towards the sensing of RF in physiological pH with a wide linear range (10 to 1200 nM) and low limit of detection (5.56 nM) compared to other electrodes. Moreover, the Sn/Cs/PGE possesses better stability with the anti-inference ability and the practical feasibility of the fabricated electrode shows satisfactory results towards the medicinal and food analysis.
Recurrent cancer treatments fail to distinguish between the normal cells and cancer cells and lead to severe systemic toxicity and side effects. The current researchers focus to overcome these ...conventional pharmacological barriers by increasing the selectivity of cancer cell by targeting mechanism. In this study, interpenetrating polymeric network (IPN) of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and egg white (EW), cross-linked with polyethylene glycol (PEG), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) loaded with cyclophosphamide (CP) were synthesized by heat coagulation method and coated with folic acid–egg white (FA–EW) conjugate. The prepared IPN–NPs were characterized using FTIR, P-XRD, and FE-SEM. Particle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential were also evaluated. FA–EW/CP IPN–NPs shows high entrapment efficiency of 94 ± 1.52%. The release analysis of CP from FA–EW/CP IPN–NPs showed a pH-responsive behavior with a rapid release at pH 5.0 and 6.0 rather than pH 7.4. Hemocompatibility of drug delivery systems is proved by hemolysis assay. The confocal microscope studies specify the possible uptake of FA–EW/CP IPN–NPs in MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. The cytotoxicity analysis of MCF-7 cells by fluorescent live/dead cell assay and MTT assay suggest that FA–EW/CP IPN–NPs exhibit higher cytotoxicity compared to free CP and IPN–NPs. The obtained FA–EW/CP IPN–NPs might serve as a potential candidate for targeted breast cancer drug delivery.
A simple, cost effective and rapid electrochemical method has been developed for the determination of micro level ortho nitrobenzaldehyde（ONB） based on outstanding properties of modified aluminum ...electrode tin nanorods/anodic aluminum oxide/aluminum（SnNR/AAO/Al） for the first time. The SnNR/AAO/Al electrode was fabricated by a second step anodization, followed by electrodeposition and its electrochemical behavior was investigated in detail. The cyclic voltammetry results indicated that the SnNR/AAO/Al electrode exhibited efficient electrocatalytic activity toward reduction of ONB in the acidic solution. It provides an appreciable improvement of reduction peak for ONB at-0.721 V.Furthermore, various kinetic parameters such as transfer electron number, transfer proton number and standard heterogeneous rate constant were calculated from the scan rates.The electrocatalytic behavior was further exploited as a sensitive detection scheme for the ONB determination by differential pulse voltammetry. Under the optimized conditions, the concentration range and detection limit are 0.1-100 μmol/L and 0.05 μmol/L, respectively,for ONB. The analytical performance of this modified sensor has been evaluated for detection of real sample such as river water and recovery of ONB was achieved all-out up to102.3% under standard addition method.
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