Thirty-six Alpine goats (10 primiparous and 26 multiparous) were used to study the milk yield response induced by recombinant bST administered in a sustained-delivery vehicle. Eighteen goats were ...injected with recombinant bST at 4-wk intervals from about 7 wk postpartum for 12 wk. Patterns of milk yield were highly affected by injection of recombinant bST. Milk yield of treated goats increased from day of injection, peaked between d 3 to 5 after treatment, and then decreased progressively. This pattern of response was well fitted by a curve containing two exponential terms: Yi = A × exp (–k1di – exp (–k2di), where Yi = daily relative response of treated goats to recombinant bST, computed as a deviation of least squares means of milk yield at day i (i = 0, …, 26) of the treatment interval from least squares means of milk yield at d 27 of the treatment interval; A = constant; k1 and k2 = response rate parameters; and di = day from treatment (i = 0, …, 27). Administration of recombinant bST also improved persistency of lactation, and the overall milk yield response to exogenous hormone was 300 g/d (13.9%) higher than the yield of untreated goats. This response was due to both the short-term response immediately after injection (53%) and the medium-term effect on lactation persistency.
We report the preliminary results of a study aimed to evaluate the summer habitat selection by black grouse in the Belluno province (North Eastern Italian Alps). Thirteen sample areas (369 ha of ...average size, s.d.=129) for a total of 4797 ha were chosen to cover the different climatic and environmental conditions of the province. Each area was mapped from field surveys and with a GIS software for land cover types (stands of Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies, mixed Fagus s. and Picea a., Pinus sylvestris, Larix decidua, mixed Larix d. and Picea a., Pinus mugo, Alnus viridis; mixed shrubs (Juniperus spp., Salix spp. and others); shrubs of Rhododendron spp. and Juniperus communis; grassland; areas of grassland-forest transition; mixed grassland and rocks; rock), elevation (with classes of 200 m), slope (with classes of 15 degrees) and aspect (with classes of 45 degrees). Counts with pointing dogs were conducted during 1997, 1998 and 1999, and each observation was located on the map of its sample area. A circular area (buffer) of 100 m radius was digitized around each observation and habitat use was estimated from the buffers composition (vegetation type, elevation, slope, aspect), weighted for the proportion of individuals in each observation as respect to the total number of individuals. Elevation classes selected were in the range of 1500-1900 m, but there were exceptions due to artificial habitats at lower elevations; flat and steep areas, as well as ®warm¯ aspect classes, were tendentially avoided, and moderate slopes and "cold" aspect classes were preferred. Selection for, or against, the different classes of elevation, slope and aspect was less marked than selection for land cover types. Forest types with dense cover were avoided, as well as areas were ground vegetation is scarce; there was a clear preference for Larix decidua, Juniperus communis and Alnus viridis. These results are in general agreement with the available information on the species, but they show that it is possible to obtain a significant ranking of preferences, for the categories and classes used, as a basis for producing habitat suitability models.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of hydration followed by drying at various T deg C and by freeze drying (to simulate the washing and drying procedures of the in situ ...degradability trials) on the electrophoretic pattern of either whole soybean seed or soybean meal. The two protein concentrates were ground, soaked in H2O for 2 h and then dried for 48 h at 60 deg C, for 4 h at 100 deg C, or freeze dried. The SDS-PAGE technique (T 14%) was used to analyse the protein fractions of these samples and of those untreated. The densitometric gel analysis showed quantitative differences between the two feedstuffs only in two out of the 8 more important protein fractions identified. Drying at 100 deg C caused a significant change in the areas of 5 peaks, whereas the other two physical treatments did not affect the various protein fractions.
ITALIANO: La presente prova ha valutato l'effetto dell'imbibizione seguita da essiccazione a diverse T gradi C o da liofilizzazione (per simulare la procedura di lavaggio e essiccazione delle prove di degradabilita' in situ) sul profilo elettroforetico della proteina di seme integrale e di farina di estrazione di soia. I due concentrati proteici sono stati macinati, imbibiti in H2O per 2 h ed essiccati a 60 gradi C per 48 h, a 100 gradi C per 4 h o liofilizzati. Questi campioni e i due alimenti non trattati sono stati sottoposti a SDS-PAGE elettroforesi (T 14%). L'analisi densitometrica dei gel ha rilevato solo per 2 delle 8 frazioni proteiche piu' rappresentate differenze quantitative fra i 2 alimenti (P<0.001). L'essiccazione a 100 gradi C ha provocato rispetto al controllo una sensibile modificazione delle aree di 5 picchi (P<0.001) mentre gli altri 2 trattamenti fisici non sembrano influenzare sostanzialmente le diverse frazioni proteiche.
A survey on consumer perception and demand for beef quality traits [Italia] Bonsembiante, M; Bondesan, V; Ramanzin, M. (Padua Univ. (Italy). Dipartimento di Scienze Zootecniche)
Proceedings of the ASPA Congress - Recent Progress in Animal Production Science (Italy),
(2001), Letnik:
2
Conference Proceeding
A survey was carried out using a questionnaire on 702 consumers in 20 supermarkets of Northern and Central Italian urban areas, in order to investigate on habits and attitude towards beef. The ...results showed that beef (mainly young bull and veal) was still the most important meat at home meals (48% of total meat dishes). Consumer concerns about healthy and dietetic aspects were found, but not so strong as expected. However, safety and healthy traits achieved the highest levels of importance for product choice. The consumers sampled preferred a reddish meat colour, a very low amount of marbling and a more tender and juicy meat; 80% of them would be ready to pay higher prices (+10%) for a better quality beef, if specifications were assured by an official control
E' stata condotta una indagine mediante questionario su 702 consumatori in 20 supermarket di aree urbane dell'Italia Settentrionale e Centrale, allo scopo di indagare sulle abitudini e sull'atteggiamento nei confronti della carne bovina. I risultati hanno messo in evidenza che la carne bovina (soprattutto vitellone e vitello a carne bianca) rappresentava la carne piu' importante nei pasti a casa (48% del totale dei piatti di carne). Sono state riscontrate preoccupazioni dei consumatori riguardo agli aspetti igienici e dietetici, ma non cosi' pronunciate come atteso. In ogni caso, tali aspetti assumevano la massima importanza per la scelta dei prodotti. I consumatori compresi nel campione preferivano un colore rossastro, una quantita' molto bassa di marezzatura e una carne piu' tenera e succosa; l'80% di essi sarebbe disposto a pagare prezzi piu' elevati (+10%) per una carne bovina di qualita' migliore, se le caratteristiche fossero garantite da un controllo ufficiale
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