Zbog povećanih gubitaka pčelinjih zajednica, potražnja za njima raste iz godine u godinu. Kako bi nadoknadili izgubljene pčelinje zajednice ili povećali veličinu pčelinjaka, pčelari moraju kupiti ...nove zajednice ili ih mogu sami proizvesti tijekom sezone. Cilj ovoga rada bio je ispitati tehnološku i ekonomsku učinkovitost triju različitih metoda proizvodnje pčelinjih zajednica: korištenjem jednoga, dvaju i četiriju okvira saća s poklopljenim leglom i pripadajućim pčelama kojima je dodana sparena matica. Istraživanje je provedeno u sjeveroistočnoj Hrvatskoj od svibnja 2019. do travnja 2020. Na kraju prve sezone nije bilo značajnih razlika između skupina u broju okvira zauzetih leglom i pčelama. Proizvodnja zajednica s jednim okvirom poklopljenoga legla omogućuje pčelaru proizvodnju većega broja pčelinjih zajednica, dok su se pčelinje zajednice proizvedene na početku sezone s pomoću četiriju okvira poklopljenoga legla dovoljno razvile i proizvodile med tijekom glavne ljetne pčelinje paše. Sva tri načina proizvodnje pčelinjih zajednica pokazala su pozitivan ekonomski rezultat i stopu isplativosti.
Due to the increased honeybee colony losses, the demands for honeybee colonies are growing annually. To regain the lost colonies or to increase the apiary size, the beekeepers need to purchase the new colonies or to prepare the new ones during the season. The aim of this study was to investigate the technological and economic efficiency of the three different methods of honeybee colony production, deploying one, two, or four combs of capped brood with the adhering bees and a mated queen. The study was conducted in northeastern Croatia from May 2019 to April 2020. At the end of the first season, there were no significant differences between the groups in the number of combs occupied with the brood and the bees. The production of colonies with one brood comb provides the beekeeper with an opportunity to multi ply more colonies, while the colonies established using four brood combs during an early season produced honey during the main summer nectar flow. All three methods of colony production have scored a positive economic result and have demonstrated positive profitability rates.
Stationary field experiment pertaining to the winter wheat in Croatia was performed during the three seasons. This study’s intention was to examine and diagnose the effect of tillage systems (TS) on ...soil chemical properties (soil acidity, phosphorus P, potassium K, and organic matter content). The TSs were as follows: CT — ploughing up to 30 cm depth, DT — disking up to 8-12 cm depth, LT — loosening up to 35 cm depth, and NT — no-tillage. The experimental design was a randomised block design in four repetitions, in which the basic TS plot amounted to 540 m2. Soil sampling for 0-30 cm soil layer was performed prior to setting up the experiment and subsequent to the three seasons with a total of 320 soil samples. Chemical analysis was performed according to standard pedological procedures. Economic indicators were calculated using economic equations and standards, whereas statistical analysis was performed with SAS 9.3 and Microsoft Excel 2016. Generated results indicate that the expressed accumulation of phosphorus and potassium appeared with a distinct vertical stratification in the systems with shallower tillage or no-tillage. At the same time, these TSs ensured the soil organic matter and soil fertility preservation. A conservable agricultural production of reduced soil tillage systems has its efficiency and vigor while providing soil degradation.
Stacionarni poljski pokus za ozimu pšenicu u Hrvatskoj proveden je tijekom triju sezona . Namjera ovoga istraživanja bila je ispitati i dijagnosticirati utjecaj sustava obrade tla (TSs) na kemijska svojstva tla (kiselost tla, sadržaj fosfora, kalija i organske tvari. TSs-i su bili CT — oranje do 30 cm dubine; DT — tanjuranje do 8-12 cm dubine; LT — rahljenje do 35 cm dubine; NT — bez obrade tla. Eksperimentalni dizajn je bio randomizirani blok dizajn u četiri ponavljanja, u kojem je osnovna TSs parcela bila 540 m2 . Uzorkovanje za sloj tla 0-30 cm obavljeno je prije postavljanja pokusa i nakon triju sezona s ukupno 320 uzoraka tla. Kemijska analiza provedena jer prema standardnim pedološkim postupcima. Standardna statistička analiza provedena softverom SAS 9.3 i Microsoft Excel 2016. Dobiveni rezultati upućuju da se na sustavima s plićom obradom ili bez obrade javlja izražena akumulacija fosfora i kalija uz izraženu vertikalnu stratifikaciju. Istodobno ovi TSs-i osiguravaju konzervaciju organske tvari tla i očuvanje plodnosti tla. Poljoprivredna proizvodnja uz primjenu reduciranih sustava obrade tla ima svoju učinkovitost i snagu kroz sprječavanje degradacije tla.
Mushroom growing, as a branch of agriculture has been rapidly developing in recent years. Emphasis is particularly put on the application of technology that can accelerate the production process to ...increase yield and to minimize human labor invested in production. Mushroom production was analyzed on a farm with a monthly production of 15,000 kg or an annual production of 180,000 kg. The calculations were based on the defined difference between the costs of manual labor and machine service invested in the mushroom growing room. The break-even point or the coverage point was set at 83,414 kg, referring to the production level with the same manual and machine work costs. Machine refilling for mushroom production above the mentioned amount is more profitable, while manual refilling is economically efficient within the production below the determined amount. On the analyzed farm, applied machine work led to the lowering of costs for 167,778.00 HRK per year. Purchase of machinery requires a total investment of 1,207,500 HRK with the return of 7.2 years.
Organic agriculture is a farming system which tends to be ethically acceptable, ecologically clean, socially fair and economically profitable agricultural production. Entrepreneuship is supposed to ...start production and business activities as well as create new products and added value. Entrepreneurship in agriculture is important for human nutrition, production of raw materials and its connections to services, and it is a generator of economy development. The aim of this research is to determine the conditions and development prospects of entrepreneurship in organic farming of Vukovar-Srijem County. During the paper preparation, scientific literature and appropriate internet sources were used along with statistical data from the official websites of the Ministry of Agriculture and Vukovar-Srijem County. According to the research results, organic agricultural production continuously and intensively grows in the Republic of Croatia. In 2015, 3061 farmers who produce organic food on 75,882 hectares were registered. When it comes to Vukovar-Srijem County, there are 63 farmers involved in organic farming on 1944 hectares of agricultural land, which represents 2.56% of the total area under organic farming in the Republic of Croatia. Entrepreneurs should increase their production in order to achieve better competitiveness on market and they should be more focused on the processing of organic products in order to achieve higher selling prices compared to primary agricultural products. CEPOR Vukovar is recognized for the promotion and advancement of entrepreneurship in organic farming in Vukovar-Srijem County, whereas perspectives in the development of organic farming have been associated with development projects funded by the EU.
Competitiveness of table egg production in the Republic of Croatia is closely related to the process of adjustment to EU standards. Following the EU legislative, laying hens will be kept in improved ...cages and within alternative keeping systems (outdoor keeping, deep litter keeping and indoor caged layer keeping). In order to determine prerequisites for table egg production development, the present research aimed at evaluating investment requirements table egg producers were faced with. Obtained research results proved that production infrastructure and equipment at about 80% of analyzed farms did not meet required standards, and only 20% of producers could assure technical and technological conditions as required by the legal regulations. While being in the process of EU standards adjustment, producers indicated that the greatest threat was primarily found in the increase of production costs, and secondly in the lowering production capacities. Sustainability of production and competitiveness of table egg producers would be possibly assured by efficient production organization which would involve horizontal relations between producers.
Tobacco production in Croatia is predominantly carried out on family farms. The same applies to drying, preparation and packing for sale. The aim of this paper was to determine the economic ...efficiency of tobacco production at family farm Dumančić from Kutjevo for the period 2012-2016. Based on the collected data of technological and economic factors of production, calculations were made as a basis for defining production performance indicators. The highest profit was realized in 2013 in the amount of 14.876,64 HRK per hectare. Incentive was determined as the most significant item in the structure revenue and cost of labor in the structure. In the case of the analyzed family farm the values of economic indicators of productivity, economy and profitability point to an economically efficient production of tobacco.
In the Republic of Croatia, sugar beet plays a great role in agriculture, processing industry and food industry. Unfortunately, its acreage is decreasing every year. Between 2015 and 2019, sugar beet ...was grown on 14,902 ha with an average yield of 62.5 t/ha. In the last two decades, three sugar beet factories were active in the country, but since 2019 only two have been in operation. Sugar beet is still an economically important crop and requires a high proportion of human and mechanised labor. Its cultivation in Croatia has a great advantage over other crops such as cereals (wheat, maize), because the conditions for its purchase and its price are known in advance, which ensures its sale. Sugar beet production in Croatia is led by large enterprises, and by agricultural cooperatives and family farms (micro, small and medium-sized farms).
Računovodstveni izvještaji predstavlju glavne izvore informacija o posjedovnoj strani i uspješnosti poduzeća. Manipulacije računovodstvenim informacijama rade se s ciljem prikrivanja stvarnog stanja ...u poduzeću. U procesu otkrivanja prijevara forenzičari se koriste računalnom opremom i posebno dizajniranim programima za pregled i usporedbu podataka poslovnih knjiga poduzeća koje je pod kontrolom. Ukoliko se uoče nepravilnosti, pokreće se istraga nad tim poduzećem s ciljem sprječavanja kriminalnih radnji. Najpoznatija tehnika koja se koristi je „Data mining“, a temelji se na Benfordovom zakonu. I u poljoprivredi dolazi do poslovnih prijevara te se prepoznala potreba za primjenom forenzičnog računovodstva.
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