Prangos ferulacea (Jashir) plant possesses various phytoconstituents such as coumarins, flavonoids, alkaloids, umbelliferon, and monoterpenes and has been used in traditional medicine. The presence ...of flavonoids in aerial parts of Prangos ferulacea necessities further examination of using them as a source of natural colorants for developing natural and beautiful shades on wool yarns. This will add one more new effective natural dye source and ease the dependency of the present-day textile industry on synthetic colorants. Simple adsorption of aqueous dye extract on the wool followed by evaluation of buildup properties using 28 different binary metal combinations as mordants were studied in this study. The dyeing was performed by exhaust dyeing method and dyed samples were analyzed through reflectance spectroscopy and analyzed in terms of color strength, CIEL*a*b*, and CIEL*c*h
o
values. Color characteristics were evaluated on a spectrophotometer under D65 illuminant and 10° standard observer. FT-IR and SEM analyses were performed to characterize P. ferulacea dyed wool yarns. The results showed that overall 29 different shades having very good to excellent fastness properties were produced by the use of different metallic salt combinations in natural dyeing of wool yarns using aerial parts of P. ferulacea as a source of natural dye.
In recent years, bio-dyes are being increasingly explored as promising sustainable alternatives for cleaner dyeing and functional finishing of textiles. In this study, an ecological approach was ...presented for clean dyeing and functionalization of wool using flavonoid-based bio-dyes extracted from lemon balm plant. First, dyeing parameters (pH, time, temperature, and dye concentration) were optimized using one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) optimization technique. Afterwards, wool yarns were dyed using 75% (o.w.f.) of bio-dyes in conjunction with different bio-mordants (
Quercus infectoria
and
Eucalyptus camaldulensis
leaves), metal salts (Cu
2+
and Fe
2+
), and their binary combinations. Practically, nine different sober color shades (control dyeing: Yellowish brown; Fe
2+
: Raw umber color; Cu
2+
: Satin sheen gold color; GN: Tan color; EU: Fallow color; Fe/GN: Van dyke color; Fe/Eu: Wenge color; Cu/GN: Coyote color; Cu/Eu: Khaki color) were obtained. Additionally, dyed wool exhibited excellent antibacterial, antioxidant, and UV-protection behaviors. Indeed, the introduction of metal ions (Fe
2+
and Cu
2+
) and bio-mordants enhanced the color depth and fastness properties and imparted a semi-durable antimicrobial and antioxidant finish with 80% retention of activity after 20 washing cycles. The results of this study confirmed the potential of lemon balm as a promising source of bio-dyes to impart a semi-durable antimicrobial and antioxidant finish with a bright future in the biomedical textile division and healthcare applications with UV protection.
Graphical Abstracts
Polysaccharides are polymers of natural origin that are formed by microorganisms, animals and plants. Polysaccharides play an important part in the progress of living creatures because these are ...important particles for various life activities. These biologically derived polysaccharides are interesting because of their important characteristics like biodegradability, non-toxicity availability, biocompatibility, stability and low-cost production. In the recent years, biomaterials of polysaccharide origin have become innovative research goal in the arena of material science and engineering since polysaccharides establish a significant constituent of life matter and shows outstanding properties, which are the representative features of biomaterials. Polysaccharide biomaterials have been broadly proposed as scaffold materials in tissue engineering applications as gene carriers and for drug delivery systems. Curdlan is a class of natural polymer with exceptional pharmacological characteristics and has the capability to form single and triple helical structures with various biological important bioactive molecules for anticancer and antimicrobial applications. Curdlan is favorable for increasing the solubility in comparison to other polysaccharides therefore provides the possibilities for processing this polysaccharide with bioactive molecules into biomacromolecules of desired functions. Curdlan conjugated with various anticancer and antimicrobial agents have been explored, either as a delivery carrier for the drug or as a biomaterial with the drug. This review summarized almost all studies of curdlan with anticancer, antimicrobial applications, the analysis of different curdlan formulations and the influence of bioactive molecules on their anticancer and antimicrobial properties.
In the present research, an attempt was made to investigate the possibility of the use of flavonoid-based plant colorants and bioactive agents for the development of an antimicrobial and antioxidant ...wool textile with acceptable colorimetric and fastness characteristics. Practically, a range of eco-friendly colors was developed of varying hues and tones using 75% (o.w.f.) of
Prangos ferulacea
natural dye extract in conjunction with different metal salt mordants (aluminium sulfate, copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, stannous chloride, nickel chloride, and cobalt sulfate). The effect of different mordanting methods (Pre-, meta-, and post-mordanting) was also assessed on the color and fastness properties of dyed wool yarns. The color properties were investigated in terms of CIELab (
L
*
,
a
*
,
b
*
,
C
*
, and
h
o
) and color strength (
K/S
) values. Light, washing, and rubbing fastness properties were evaluated as per ISO standard test methods. The antibacterial action against two bacterial strains (
E. coli
and
S. aureus
) and the free radical scavenging power of dyed wool yarns were recorded with exceptionally high values. Among different metal-mordanted samples, the introduction of Fe
2+
and Cu
2+
ions enhanced the color depth and fastness properties the most with a semi-durable antimicrobial and antioxidant finish with around 80% retention of functional properties after 20 continuous washing cycles.
Graphical abstract
In spite of the widespread study on anticancer delivery systems, various difficulties still persist on how to produce a suitable vehicle or carrier that can deliver anticancer agents to particular ...positions in the human body to aim cancerous tissues or cells and consequently treat cancer. Such complications might be related with little effectiveness produced by the high toxicity, unstable carrier and by the presence of numerous intracellular blockades like endosome entrapment, lysosomal enzymatic degradation, nuclear membrane, plasma membrane etc. Pullulan nanoparticles conjugated with various anticancer agents have been designed and developed to achieve receptor-mediated endocytosis in tumor tissues/cells and to deliver anticancer agents at the intracellular compartments. Within this area, this review article highlights the recent research on pullulan based nanoparticle formulations demonstrating its flexibility and relevance in biomaterials science to design anticancer approaches. Pullulan nanoparticles generate minimum side effects than systemic chemotherapy and attain sustained/prolonged delivery of an anticancer drug at cancer sites. Pullulan nanoparticles are highly beneficial because of their receptiveness toward exogenous as well as endogenous stimuli like bioresponsiveness, pH gradients, temperature, photoresponsiveness and so on. Here, we summarize the different pullulan derivative nanoparticles for tumor therapy and their delivery related systems, discuss the strategy approaches for cytotoxicity and review the research concerning pullulan nanoparticles reported in the literature.
Research into the industrial practice of ultrasonic aqueous textile cleaning is still underway despite success in the technology being used in other cleaning industry. This study uses ultrasonic ...frequencies of 40 kHz, 60 kHz and 80 kHz to examine frequency dependence of ultrasonic textile laundry. Results showed that fabric washing efficiency is not proportional to the ultrasonic frequency. Ultrasonics at a lower (40 kHz) or higher frequency (80 kHz) showed a better washing efficiency than that at 60 kHz, especially for the removal of stubborn stain and for natural textile materials such as wool and silk. The reason lies in the mechanism of cavitation implosion, micro-streaming induced changes in surface boundary layer, as well as the intricate micro-structure of the fibre surface. These were analyzed and discussed in detail in the paper.
This study investigates the potential of
Prangos ferulacea
, as a sustainable flavonoid-based natural dye source for textile dyeing, UV protection, and antioxidant finishing. It examines the ...influence of dyeing conditions, and various mordant types, and evaluates their respective impacts on color characteristics, mechanical properties, antioxidant and UV protection properties. Quantitative analysis reveals the distinct yellow hue achieved through the use of aerial parts extract of
P. ferulacea
extract, with hues ranging from 70° to 96°, producing warm tones. In general, different natural mordants, when combined with specific metal mordants, create color variations. However, in particular, combinations of iron and copper mordants provide the most intense colors. Comprehensive color fastness assessments highlight the good washing and light fastness of aerial parts extract with copper and iron biomordant combinations. FT-IR and SEM analysis of undyed and dyed wool yarns provided additional support to the current dyeing results of enhanced color shade and high color depth values. Furthermore, the two-step mordanting and subsequent dyeing process provide a sustainable way of enhancing the shade range on wool fiber with 75.0% (o.w.f.)
P. ferulacea
aerial parts extract without any significant damage (tensile strength) to the surface of the wool. Wool yarns dyed with
P. ferulacea
whole plant extract showed enhanced antioxidant and UV protection properties, potentially enhancing the sustainability of textile products such as medical textiles and UV-protective clothing which in turn reduces the need for synthetic chemical agents in textiles.
P. ferulacea
emerges as a promising natural colorant, offering attractive hues, antioxidant, and UV protection benefits for sustainable textile dyeing.
Recently, natural dyes are being explored all over the world as safer and highly sustainable bio-based alternatives to synthetic dyes. Agricultural wastes and plant by-products are the most commonly ...explored alternatives with dual benefits of waste reclamation and sustainable dye production with extra value-adds. Hypercium scabrum plant contains interesting bio-dye molecules with high flavonoids and tannin contents. The present study aims at exploring the potential of H. scabrum plant extract to color wool textiles with a focus on sustainable bio-dye production and fastness properties. The extracted bio-dye was quantitatively (for total phenolic (2.733 mg per CE/g) and total flavonoid (1.140 mg per GAE/g) content using the Folin–Ciocalteu method) and qualitatively (UV–Vis, FT-IR, and EDX) characterized. The effect of dyeing parameters like pH (2–8), temperature (60–90 °C), dry-weight content of plant material as a dye (25–150% o.w.f.), and dyeing time (15–120 min) on color strength (K/S) values were assessed. Color fastness assays showed good resistance to light, washing, and rubbing. The effect of artificial aging (Xenon arc lamp) on the color strength of dyed wool yarns under different exposure times (0–48 h) was explored. The highest color fading occurred in control dyed samples with a first-order rate constant of 131.57 h−1 and a half-life period of 5.26 x 10−3 h. Color difference (ΔE) values suggested that mordanted samples showed less fading compared to control dyed samples at equal times of Xenon exposure. Additionally, the dyed samples were washed in double distilled water, tap water, and 4 g/L NaCl solution to check their effects on the corresponding K/S values while 4 g/L NaCl solution mimics the real conditions of perspiration. Maximum color leaching occurred in 4 g/L NaCl washing with a first-order rate constant of 11.57 min−1. Cost analysis of the dye extraction and dyeing procedure revealed that the process is sustainable and economical. Thus, the use of H. scabrum whole plant can provide a clean, economical, and sustainable source of alternative natural dyes that can be used to substitute synthetic analogs.
This study was undertaken to propose an alternative use of Acacia nilotica bark extract as a potential source of biomordant for the development of ecofriendly shades of varying hue and tone in ...conjunction with Kerria lacca (Lac) and Rheum emodi (Himalayan rhubarb) natural dyes. The colorimetric analysis of K. lacca and R. emodi natural dyes were evaluated onto the woolen yarn samples adopting pre-mordanting technique using 1.0-5.0% (o.w.f.) A. nilotica as biomordant. The hue of color developed was found to be in yellow-red coordinate of color space diagram with hues shifted toward red region for K. lacca and toward yellow region for R. emodi dyed samples. The color strength (K/S) values were found to increase with increase in the concentration of biomordant and were found highest for 5.0% (o.w.f.) A. nilotica mordanted samples. Color fastness with respect to light exposure, washing, rubbing for the developed shades ranged between good to very good ratings of 4-5 on grey scale, confirming the possibility of using A. nilotica bark extract as a potential source of biomordant for enhancing the colorimetric and fastness characteristics of dyed woolen yarn samples.
PDF
