A high-performance track fitter for use in ultra-fast electronics Clement, E.; De Mattia, M.; Dutta, S. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
08/2019, Letnik:
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This article describes a new charged-particle track fitting algorithm designed for use in high-speed electronics applications such as hardware-based triggers in high-energy physics experiments. ...Following a novel technique designed for fast electronics, the positions of the hits on the detector are transformed before being passed to a linearized track parameter fit. This transformation results in fitted track parameters with a very linear dependence on the hit positions. The approach is demonstrated in a representative detector geometry based on the CMS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The fit is implemented in FPGA chips and optimized for track fitting throughput and obtains excellent track parameter performance. Such an algorithm is potentially useful in any high-speed track-fitting application.
This article describes a new charged-particle track fitting algorithm designed for use in high-speed electronics applications such as hardware-based triggers in high-energy physics experiments. ...Following a novel technique designed for fast electronics, the positions of the hits on the detector are transformed before being passed to a linearized track parameter fit. This transformation results in fitted track parameters with a very linear dependence on the hit positions. The approach is demonstrated in a representative detector geometry based on the CMS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The fit is implemented in FPGA chips and optimized for track fitting throughput and obtains excellent track parameter performance. Such an algorithm is potentially useful in any high-speed track-fitting application.
Outlining is usually thought of as an important tool for the initial stage of document development. However, it can also be used to greatly increase the efficiency of restructuring a longer document ...or developing a composite text from several sources. This essay proposes and details a five-step procedure to effect such a "reverse engineering" of documents.
This essay proposes an encompassing description of clarity, a ubiquitous, yet undefined, concept in technical writing and editing. Clarity, a function of the target audience, is analyzed according to ...its seven components: brevity, accuracy, completeness, order, emphasis, consistency, and objectivity.
Objective In this observational study, we determined the distribution of mHealth applications (apps) in Germany using data from the FeverApp registry. Methods The registry data were processed to ...assess general monthly trends in app distribution, and a seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average model was decomposed to investigate time series. A sample comparison was made matching data from cold-called against self-registered distributers of the FeverApp. Results Among 881 pediatric and adolescent medical practices, 27,300 app users were recruited between 2019 and August 2023. The number of monthly recruited users increased steadily. A seasonal trend was observed, showing a higher distribution in winter months. Self-registered pediatric practices did not recruit significantly more app users than cold-called practices, with approximately every 25th family recruited in both groups. Conclusions The trend of more app sign-ups during winter is likely related to the flu season in Germany. Intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors of the practices seem to have a large impact on the distribution. We observed a positive trend in the app distribution. Seasonal febrile infections and individual distribution methods among practices influence the distribution of the FeverApp in Germany. Family factors may have a greater influence than the motivation of distributing practices.
The FeverApp registry is an ambulant ecological momentary assessment (EMA) model registry focusing on research of fever in children. Verification of EMA reliability is a challenge, due to absence of ...other source data. To ensure the reliability of EMA data, 973 families were invited to reassess their documentation in a survey. The survey contained questions (a) regarding the number of children, (b) genuineness of entries, (c) completeness of submitted fever episodes, (d) medication, (e) usefulness and further usage of the app. Of those invited, 438 families (45% response rate) participated in the survey. Of these, 363 (83%) families have registered all their children, 208 families have one child. The majority (n = 325, 74.2%) of families stated that they only made genuine entries in the app. Agreement between survey and app for fever episodes is 90% (Cohen's κ = 0.75 0.66, 0.82). Medication shows 73.7% agreement, κ = 0.49 0.42; 0.54. The majority (n = 245, 55.9%) consider the app as an additional benefit and 87.3% would like to use it further. Email surveys are a possible approach to evaluate EMA based registry data. The possible observation units (children and fever episodes) show an adequate reliability. With this approach, surveys of further samples and variables could help to improve the quality of EMA based registries.
Febrile infections are common in childhood. Children can be infected with SARS-CoV-2, but their course is milder than in adults. So far, a comparison between febrile infections with a positive or ...negative Corona test with the Omicron variant is missing. The data used are from the FeverApp registry, which collects parent-reported data on febrile infections in children and informs about fever management. A comparison of symptomatic differences between episodes with a positive or negative Corona test was performed using Χ
-tests. During the Omicron wave, reported tests doubled and positive test results nearly 12-folded. In episodes with positive Corona saliva tests, more cough, fatigue, disturbed smell/taste, limb pain, sore throat, signs of serious sickness, and touch sensitivity were reported. Children with a negative Corona test show more tonsillitis, teething, any pain symptoms, earaches, and rashes. Thus, there are some significant differences between febrile infections with a positive or negative Corona test, but symptoms are present on both sides. The omicron variant seems to be more infectious than the alpha or delta variants in children, but the symptoms remain mild and do not differ much from other febrile infections.
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