CANCERS Muhammad, Noor; Rafique, Muhammad; Baloch, Saud ...
The professional medical journal,
12/2018, Letnik:
21, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Objective: To calculate the prevalence of common types of cancer in SINDHbased on Civil Hospital Karachi (CHK) database. Type of Study: Retrospective ObservationalStudy. Place & Duration of Study: ...Clinical Oncology Department Civil Hospital Karachi, fromJanuary, 2004 to December 2011(8 Years). Methods: All the Patients attending the oncologydepartment CHK were selected for study. After completing data the cancer registry patients werecategorized according to their diagnosis and this data was recorded on Microsoft Excel sheet.Results: During period of January 2004 to December 2011, the total number of patients includedin the study was 5504 out of which 2638 were males and 2866 females. The list of prevalence ofdifferent types of cancer was created and according to the statistical analysis based on CHK database, the increasing trend was seen in breast, oral cavity, lymphoid tissue, blood, colorectal, liver& biliary tract, faciomaxillary, lung, uterus, esophagus, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, larynx,ovary, male genital system, Nasopharynx, urinary system and brain cancers. Conclusions: It isconcluded that the registration of cancer patients is highly beneficial for the evaluation of cancerprevalence and incidence. This registration is also helpful for calculating the comparativeincidence and prevalence of cancers on national and international levels. The recorded data willalso help to improve the quality of life of cancer patients as this data is very much helpful toidentify the etiology and risk factors of cancers which will improve health prevention andmanagement plans by higher authorities.
Abstract. Purpose This study aimed to compare the effects of two different mobilization techniques in the management of patients with adhesive capsulitis. Subjects and Methods Thirty non-diabetic men ...and women with adhesive capsulitis were randomly allocated to the reverse distraction group (n=15) or Kaltenborn group (n=15). The reverse distraction technique and Kaltenborn's caudal and posterior glides (grades III and IV) were applied 10-15 times along with conventional physical therapy for 18 treatment sessions in 6 weeks. Pain was measured with a visual analog scale, abduction and external rotation range of motion with goniometry, hand behind back reach with inch tape, and functional disability with the Flexilevel scale of shoulder function before and after the treatment. Results Although all the variables improved significantly in both groups after 18 intervention sessions, reverse distraction was significantly better than Kaltenborn's caudal and posterior glides in decreasing pain and improving abduction range of motion and functional scores. Conclusion This study supports the clinical use of reverse distraction as an alternative to conventional mobilization techniques to decrease pain and improve range of motion and functional scores in patients with adhesive capsulitis.
There are numerous peptides discovered through past decades, which exhibit antimicrobial and anti-cancerous tendencies. Due to these reasons, peptides are supposed to be sound therapeutic candidates. ...Some peptides can pose low metabolic stability, high toxicity and high hemolity of peptides. This highlights the importance for evaluating hemolytic tendencies and toxicity of peptides, before using them for therapeutics. Traditional methods for evaluation of toxicity of peptides can be time-consuming and costly. In this study, we have extracted peptides data (Hemo-DB) from Database of Antimicrobial Activity and Structure of Peptides (DBAASP) based on certain hemolity criteria and we present a machine learning based method for prediction of hemolytic tendencies of peptides (i.e. Hemolytic or Non-Hemolytic). Our model offers significant improvement on hemolity prediction benchmarks. we also propose a reliable clustering-based train-tests splitting method which ensures that no peptide in train set is more than 40% similar to any peptide in test set. Using this train-test split, we can get reliable estimated of expected model performance on unseen data distribution or newly discovered peptides. Our model tests 0.9986 AUC-ROC (Area Under Receiver Operating Curve) and 97.79% Accuracy on test set of Hemo-DB using traditional random train-test splitting method. Moreover, our model tests AUC-ROC of 0.997 and Accuracy of 97.58% while using clustering-based train-test data split. Furthermore, we check our model on an unseen data distribution (at Hemo-PI 3) and we recorded 0.8726 AUC-ROC and 79.5% accuracy. Using the proposed method, potential therapeutic peptides can be screened, which may further in therapeutics and get reliable predictions for unseen amino acids distribution of peptides and newly discovered peptides.
The majority of developed countries suffer from water contamination because they have no control over the discharge of chemical waste into the water. In contrast, developing countries contaminate ...clean from water due to the discharge of agricultural waste. Contaminated water is a threat to human life as it causes many waterborne diseases that can be prevented by making efforts at an individual level. An effort has been made in this research to find an alternative method to treat water using wetlands. A further attempt has also been made to reduce total dissolved solids from water using wetlands. The development of constructed wetlands that can effectively treat saline water is the goal of this study. Because they can thrive in a salty environment, phragmites have been planted in every constructed wetland (CW). Eight pots were developed and worked under conditions reenacting diversely built wetlands. A relative report shows that total dissolved solids (TDS) content between 1000-3000 ppm in the water in flow developed wetland with in growth estate having gel soil gives the most elevated decline in conductivity of saline water at gushing. For effluent water with a salinity content of 1500 ppm, this artificially assembled system is extremely effective. As a result, this study demonstrates that the construction of a wetland using gel soil and carbon nanotube will offer an effective method for lowering water salinity. Keywords: salinity removal, wetland, phragmites, total dissolved solids
A novel electro-co-deposited nanostructured poly(2,5 dimethoxyaniline) and Platinum (PDMA-Pt) nanocomposite were synthesized via single-step co-deposition by electrochemical method. The as-prepared ...nanocomposite material Methanol oxidation reaction Morphology was characterized through FESEM. PDMA-Pt shows an average diameter of 150-200 nm. The elemental percentage of PDMA-Pt was analyzed through EDX and mapping images. It shows that carbon, hydrogen, platinum, and oxygen are present in them. Physiochemical properties were characterized by XRD and FT-IR studies. XRD studies show the synthesized material is crystalline in nature. The electrochemical activity of the PDMA-Pt nanocomposite was observed using Cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA), and Electrochemical Impedance spectroscopic (EIS) techniques. The Electro-co-deposited PDMA-Pt modified electrode has efficient electrocatalytic activity with lower oxidation potential at 0.87 V and the Methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) stable time is 1500 s in 0.5 M H2SO4 acidic medium. The fabricated PDMA-Pt nanocomposite is capable of an anodic catalyst for direct methanol fuel cell utilization.
Estimating the industrial machine system reliability is a challenging and important problematic task for the manufacturing engineers. Reliability may be described as the probability that machine ...network will implement its proposed functions under the observing condition throughout a specified time period of running machine system network. Currently, typical single sensor method is common in use for fault diagnosis which based on the signature of single/multiple parameters, but due to uncertainty of modelling environment; it is difficult to diagnose the machine faults at early stages. In this situation, sometimes decision goes wrong due to uncertainty and may cause loss of throughput and significant financial losses. Fault diagnosis has to build a relation between the machine fault symptoms and estimating the severity of the fault. An artificial intelligence (AI) technique is proposed in this research for machine fault diagnosis by using the extracted features, where accurate mathematical method is difficult to build. This paper focuses on Dempster Shafer (D-S) evidence theory to diagnose the machine faults. The results reflect that the D-S theory is very effectively applied for the machine fault diagnosis and it also increase the reliability of machine operation process and decrease the uncertainty level in decision making.
The ethanolic extract of Caralluma tuberculata N.E. Brown has been screened for its potential to protect gastric mucosa against the injuries caused by 80% ethanol, 0.2 M NaOH, hyperionic saline, and ...indomethacin. C. tuberculata at doses of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg body wt given 30 min before the necrotizing agents provided dose-dependent protection against the damage caused by all tested agents. The effects caused by ethanol were further investigated. Treatment of rats with 1 ml of 80% ethanol (gavage) was found to cause depletion of stomach-wall mucus, to lower the concentrations of proteins, nucleic acids, and nonprotein sulfhydryl groups in the stomach wall, and to cause histopathological lesions, including necrosis, erosions, congestion, and hemorrhage, of the stomach wall. C. tuberculata treatment caused a dose-dependent protection against all these effects. In the same manner it affected malondialdehyde concentrations altered by ethanol treatment. C. tuberculata also offered protection against mucosal damage caused by indomethacin. The protective effects of C. tuberculata in addition to its effects on mucus production and nonprotein sulfhydryl concentration may be mediated through its free radical scavenging and prostaglandin inducing properties
Biochemical effects of acute and subacute treatments with ambrein were investigated in rats by measuring the total proteins, cholesterol, triglycerides, GOT, GPT and alkaline phosphatase in the blood ...plasma. Also, determinations of prothrombin time (PT), partial thrombin time (PTT), thrombin time (TT) and fibrinogen level were performed. Furthermore, changes in plasma electrolyte concentration were studied. Ambrein administered i.p. did not cause any toxic symptoms in the liver as revealed by the histology of the liver tissue both in acute and subacute treatments. Ambrein itself did not significantly affect the plasma protein, cholesterol, GOT and GPT profiles, but lowered alkaline phosphatase at high doses (50 and 250 mg/kg) after subacute treatment. Thus far, no specific pattern of action of ambrein in electrolyte control has been found. However, it increased PT, PTT and TT and decreased fibrinogen levels in both the acute and subacute studies, pointing towards its potential as an anticoagulant and antifibrinogenic agent.
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