Over the last several decades, improvements in breast cancer treatment have contributed to increased cure rates for women diagnosed with this malignancy. Consequently, great importance should be paid ...to the long-term side effects of systemic therapies. For young women (defined as per guideline ≤40 years at diagnosis) who undergo chemotherapy, one of the most impactful side effects on their quality of life is premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) leading to fertility-related problems and the side effects of early menopause. Regimens, type, and doses of chemotherapy, as well as the age of patients and their ovarian reserve at the time of treatment are major risk factors for treatment-induced POI. For these reasons, childbearing desire and preservation of ovarian function and/or fertility should be discussed with all premenopausal patients before planning the treatments. This manuscript summarizes the available fertility preservation techniques in breast cancer patients, the risk of treatment-induced POI with different anticancer treatments, and the possible procedures to prevent it. A special focus is paid to the role of oncofertility counseling, as a central part of the visit in this setting, during which the patient should receive all the information about the potential consequences of the disease and of the proposed treatment on her future life.
CRESST (Cryogenic Rare Event Search with Superconducting Thermometers) employs cryogenic detectors for the direct search for weakly interacting massive dark matter particles (WIMPs). In the second ...phase of the experiment scintillating calcium tungstate crystals are used to discriminate background by means of different light yield for background and WIMP signals. After first results with this novel technique have been obtained, the experimental setup is being upgraded for further background reduction and larger target mass. The results and present status of the experiment will be presented.
CRESST cryogenic dark matter search Cozzini, C.; Angloher, G.; Bucci, C. ...
New astronomy reviews,
05/2005, Letnik:
49, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The CRESST Phase II experiment at Gran Sasso is using 300
g scintillating CaWO
4 crystals as absorbers for direct WIMP (weakly interactive massive particles) detection. The phonon signal in the CaWO
...4 crystal is registered in coincidence with the light signal, which is measured with a separate cryogenic light detector. The absorber crystal and the silicon light detector are read out by tungsten superconducting phase transition thermometers (W-SPTs). As a result an active discrimination of the electron recoils against nuclear recoils is achieved. Results on the properties of the detector modules and on the WIMP sensitivity are presented.
The DarkSide experiment aims to perform a background-free direct search for dark matter with a dual-phase argon TPC. The current phase of the experiment, DarkSide-50, is acquiring data at Laboratori ...Nazionali del Gran Sasso and produced the most sensitive limit on the WIMP-nucleon cross section ever obtained with a liquid argon target (2.0 × 10-44 cm2 for a WIMP mass of 100 GeV/c2). The future phase of the experiment will be a 20 t fiducial mass detector, designed to reach a sensitivity of ~1 × 10-47 cm2 (at 1 TeV/c2 WIMP mass) with a background-free exposure of 100 ty. Here, this work contains a discussion of the current status of the DarkSide-50 WIMP search and of the results which are more relevant for the construction of the future detector.
163Ho Electron Capture (EC) decay has been studied since the last decade for measuring the neutrino mass. These studies have shown that the experimental energies of the EC decay lines are slightly ...different from the ones expected from theory. A true calorimetric measurement should be able to fix definitively the level energies. In 1996 (Phys. Lett. B 398 (1996) 415), the first calorimetric measurement of this spectrum was obtained by the Genoa group, which was able to resolve the doublet MI–MII and NI–NII at about 1800 and 400eV, respectively. The major drawback of this detector was the absorber, which had not been homogeneously made because the radioactive source was in dielectric form surrounded by the superconducting absorber. Here we present a new absorber for 163Ho experiment, which will be used in a new calorimetric measurement. It consists of a superconducting compound of yttrium, Y3Rh4Sn13, in which 163Ho is homogeneously spread.
The calorimetric measurement of neutrino mass in the sub-eV range is at present an appealing field of research. We are planning an experiment with higher energy resolution and better statistics than ...the pilot measurement we have done in the last years. Such an investigation requires an array of several detectors with energy resolution of a few eV and rhenium mass absorber of milligrams. We present the status of the development of the array's elements, which are made of composite microcalorimeters with Ag/Al TES grown on silicon substrate or directly on single rhenium crystal. (Author)
We examine the sensitivity of a large scale two-phase liquid argon detector to the directionality of the dark matter signal. This study was performed under the assumption that, above 50 keV of recoil ...energy, one can determine (with some resolution) the direction of the recoil nucleus without head-tail discrimination, as suggested by past studies that proposed to exploit the dependence of columnar recombination on the angle between the recoil nucleus direction and the electric field. In this paper we study the differential interaction recoil rate as a function of the recoil direction angle with respect to the zenith for a detector located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso and we determine its diurnal and seasonal modulation. Using a likelihood-ratio based approach we show that, with the angular information alone, 100 events are enough to reject the isotropic hypothesis at three standard deviation level. For an exposure of 100 tonne years this would correspond to a spin independent WIMP-nucleon cross section of about 10^-46 cm^2 at 200 GeV WIMP mass. The results presented in this paper provide strong motivation for the experimental determination of directional recoil effects in two-phase liquid argon detectors.
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