A search for physics beyond the Standard Model in neutral current deep inelastic scattering at high negative four-momentum transfer squared Q(2) is performed in e(+/-)p collisions at HERA. The ...differential cross section d sigma/dQ(2), measured using the full H1 data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 446 pb(-1), is compared to the Standard Model prediction. No significant deviation is observed. Limits on various models predicting new phenomena at high Q(2) are derived. For general four-fermion eeqq contact interaction models, lower limits on the compositeness scale A are set in the range 3.6 TeV to 7.2 TeV. Leptoquarks with masses M-LQ and couplings lambda are constrained to M-LQ/lambda > 0.41-1.86 TeV and limits on squarks in R-parity violating supersymmetric models are derived. A lower limit on the gravitational scale in 4 + n dimensions of M-S > 0.9 TeV is established for low-scale quantum gravity effects in models with large extra dimensions. For the light quark radius an upper bound of R-q < 0.65 . 10(-18) m is determined. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics 1, computer science professions are among the fastest growing occupations in the U.S., and computer science occupations will add more than half a ...million new jobs in the next ten years. Simultaneously, universities in the U.S. and worldwide are seeing poor retention rates in computer science, with a major reason being that students often view the early courses in the subject as uninteresting and dull 2. We have developed a mobile game that provides an engaging way for students to practice the basic syntax of C, C++ and Java. Learning programming language syntax is a tedious process. Practicing by actually programming is, of course, ideal, but we believe that a game which is fun for students to play in their spare time will help them get used to distinguishing correct syntactical constructs quickly. The initial version of the game was evaluated by a small population of first-year computer science students at Norfolk State University. The results showed that students enjoyed the game, and that a modest improvement in the students' abilities to identify correct and incorrect syntax was achieved.
The present study was carried out in the Jammu region of Jammu and Kashmir state with special emphasis on selected districts viz., Doda, Kishtwar and Rambam, as these regions had the highest area and ...production under apple crop. Both primary as well as secondary data has been used as per requirements of the study. A multistage sampling technique had been used for the present study. To study the functional relationship between yield of apple and the selected independent variables, Cobb Douglas type of production function in log linear form had been fitted to the collected data for marginal farms, small farms, medium farms and on all the farms put together. The analysis had shown that the co-efficient of determination (R2) indicated that 68.3 per cent, 71.2 per cent, 73.7 per cent and 75.5 per cent of the variations in the output of apple had been explained by the six independent variables included in the production function for the marginal, for the Small, for the medium and for the overall sample apple growers respectively. The analysis had also revealed that the sum of the production elasticities for the marginal farmers was 1.403, for the small farmers was 1.57, for the medium farmers was 2.53 and for all sample farmers put together it was 1.989 which showed operation of increasing return to for all categories of apple farmers. Increasing trend in returns to scale of apple suggested the planners to plan strategies for long run so as to safeguard the interest of apple growers involved in the production process.
In this article, we use fixed-effect Poisson regressions (FEPR) with robust standard errors and instrumental variables (IV) to study the economic, social, and institutional determinants of internal ...conflicts in 58 fragile developing countries from 2004 to 2017. We show that effective institutions (measured by judicial efficiency and governance) and higher incomes could help reduce conflict in fragile countries. In contrast, trade reform does not seem to reduce violence, and education and democratic institutions may fuel conflict in some cases. These results imply that education and trade liberalization do not have the expected effects in fragile countries, which should probably first improve their social, economic, and institutional situation, before reaping the benefits of economic reforms and education. This may also be the case for political reforms, because democratic experience seems to lead to increased violence in some countries in our sample.
A
BSTRACT
Inclusive
e
±
p
single and double differential cross sections for neutral and charged current deep inelastic scattering processes are measured with the H1 detector at HERA. The data were ...taken at a centre-of-mass energy of
$ \sqrt {s} = {319} $
GeV with a total integrated luminosity of 333.7 pb
−1
shared between two lepton beam charges and two longitudinal lepton polarisation modes. The differential cross sections are measured in the range of negative four-momentum transfer squared,
Q
2
, between 60 and 50 000 GeV
2
, and Bjorken
x
between 0
.
0008 and 0
.
65. The measurements are combined with earlier published unpolarised H1 data to improve statistical precision and used to determine the structure function
$ xF_{3}^{{\gamma Z}} $
. Ameasurementoftheneutralcurrentparityviolating structure function
$ F_{2}^{{\gamma Z}} $
is presented for the first time. The polarisation dependence of the charged current total cross section is also measured. The new measurements are well described by a next-to-leading order QCD fit based on all published H1 inclusive cross section data which are used to extract the parton distribution functions of the proton.
This paper uses the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bound Testing cointegration approach to study Pakistan's long-term relationship between internal conflict, economic growth, and human ...development. We show that, by offering better opportunities and reducing radicalization, education could help reduce conflict in Pakistan. However, the government's spending on its defense budget is high and results in low social spending. We also show a positive contribution to conflict reduction by public order, which justifies the anti-terrorist policy. It also seems that economic reforms and wealth do not help to reduce internal conflicts in Pakistan. This result could illustrate a situation where globalization is perceived as a threat, and economic growth finance political and social unrest. Political rights and civil liberties do not seem to reduce conflict either; periods of democracy have experienced a resurgence of violence. Pakistan could be caught in a development trap with conflict being a key variable to consider before seeing the benefits of reforming the country.
First measurements are presented of the diffractive cross section sigma(ep) -> eXY at centre-of-mass energies root s of 225 and 252 GeV, together with a precise new measurement at root s of 319 GeV, ...using data taken with the H1 detector in the years 2006 and 2007. Together with previous H1 data at root s of 301 GeV, the measurements are used to extract the diffractive longitudinal structure function F(L)(D) in the range of photon virtualities 4.0 <= Q(2) <= 44.0 GeV(2) and fractional proton longitudinal momentum loss 5 x 10(-4) <= x(P) <= 3 x 10(-3). The measured F(L)(D) is compared with leading twist predictions based on diffractive parton densities extracted in NLO QCD fits to previous measurements of diffractive Deep-Inelastic Scattering and with a model which additionally includes a higher twist contribution derived from a colour dipole approach. The ratio of the diffractive cross section induced by longitudinally polarised photons to that for transversely polarised photons is extracted and compared with the analogous quantity for inclusive Deep-Inelastic Scattering.
Gladiolus flower is assuming great importance in the state of Jammu and Kashmir like in other states of the country. Keeping this in view, a study has been conducted to analyse the economics of ...gladiolus cultivation for the years 2011–12 and 2012–2013 in Jammu district of J&K state. Primary data on costs and returns of the crop were collected by interviewing the farmers through personal visits with the help of an especially structured and pre-tested schedule. The per acre cost of cultivation (C2) of gladiolus were estimated to be 210140.00 in the first year and 70140.00 in second year on sampled farms. The ‘Cost A1 ’ constituted the whole direct cost were 159116.80 and 19116.80/acre, ‘Cost A2’ were 170316.80 and 30316.80 per acre, ‘Cost B1 ’ were 164815 and 24815.00 per acre, ‘Cost B2 ’ were 208580.00 and 68580.00 per acre and ‘Cost C1 ’ was 166375.00 and 26375.00 per acre for first year and second year respectively on sampled farms. The gross return was 300000.00 per acre in both years on sampled farms. The net return was highest in case of second year i.e. 229860.00 per acre compared to the net return in first year i.e. 89860.00/acre. The Cost-Benefit ratio was highest in case of second year (4.28) compared to that of first year (1.43).
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