By means of the dynamical vertex approximation (D\(\Gamma\)A) we include spatial correlations on all length scales beyond the dynamical mean field theory (DMFT) for the half-filled Hubbard model in ...three dimensions. The most relevant changes due to non-local fluctuations are: (i) a deviation from the mean-field critical behavior with the same critical exponents as for the three dimensional Heisenberg (anti)-ferromagnet and (ii) a sizable reduction of the Néel temperature (\(T_N\)) by \(\sim 30%\) for the onset of antiferromagnetic order. Finally, we give a quantitative estimate of the deviation of the spectra between D\(\Gamma\)A and DMFT in different regions of the phase-diagram.
We propose an approach for the ab initio calculation of materials with strong electronic correlations which is based on all local (fully irreducible) vertex corrections beyond the bare Coulomb ...interaction. It includes the so-called GW and dynamical mean field theory and important non-local correlations beyond, with a computational effort estimated to be still manageable.
The optical conductivity and the spectral weight W(T) of two superconducting cuprates at optimum doping, Bi2Sr2-xLaxCuO6 and Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8, have been first measured up to 500 K. Above 300 K, W(T) ...deviates from the usual T2 behavior in both compounds, even though the zero-frequency extrapolation of the optical conductivity remains larger than the Ioffe-Regel limit. The deviation is surprisingly well described by the T4 term of the Sommerfeld expansion, but its coefficients are enhanced by strong correlation. This renormalization is due to strong correlation, as shown by the good agreement with dynamical mean field calculations.
Zählrohre konnen mit reiner Kohlensaure unter Drucken von 10 cm bis 40 cm Hg gefüllt werden und geben unter diesen Bedingungen mit einem äußeren Löschkreis ausgezeichnete Konstanzbereiche. Die ...Bestimmung des Radiokohlenstoffs nach diesem Verfahren ist bequem und außerordentlich empfindlich.
An era of exploring the interactions of high-intensity, hard X-rays with matter has begun with the start-up of a hard-X-ray free-electron laser, the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS). Understanding ...how electrons in matter respond to ultra-intense X-ray radiation is essential for all applications. Here we reveal the nature of the electronic response in a free atom to unprecedented high-intensity, short-wavelength, high-fluence radiation (respectively 10(18) W cm(-2), 1.5-0.6 nm, approximately 10(5) X-ray photons per A(2)). At this fluence, the neon target inevitably changes during the course of a single femtosecond-duration X-ray pulse-by sequentially ejecting electrons-to produce fully-stripped neon through absorption of six photons. Rapid photoejection of inner-shell electrons produces 'hollow' atoms and an intensity-induced X-ray transparency. Such transparency, due to the presence of inner-shell vacancies, can be induced in all atomic, molecular and condensed matter systems at high intensity. Quantitative comparison with theory allows us to extract LCLS fluence and pulse duration. Our successful modelling of X-ray/atom interactions using a straightforward rate equation approach augurs favourably for extension to complex systems.
We show that high fluence, high-intensity x-ray pulses from the world's first hard x-ray free-electron laser produce nonlinear phenomena that differ dramatically from the linear x-ray-matter ...interaction processes that are encountered at synchrotron x-ray sources. We use intense x-ray pulses of sub-10-fs duration to first reveal and subsequently drive the 1s↔2p resonance in singly ionized neon. This photon-driven cycling of an inner-shell electron modifies the Auger decay process, as evidenced by line shape modification. Our work demonstrates the propensity of high-fluence, femtosecond x-ray pulses to alter the target within a single pulse, i.e., to unveil hidden resonances, by cracking open inner shells energetically inaccessible via single-photon absorption, and to consequently trigger damaging electron cascades at unexpectedly low photon energies.
This case report describes a 13‐year 10‐month‐old girl who underwent a deceased‐donor split LT for primary diagnosis of biliary atresia at the age of 12 months, who presented with a lower GI bleed. ...Ultrasound and CT revealed a venous vascular anomaly involving the cecum and ascending colon, with communication of the SMV and pelvic veins consistent with a CEPS. Associated varices were noted in the pelvis along the uterus and urinary bladder. These findings were confirmed by trans‐hepatic porto‐venography, which was diagnostic and therapeutic as a successful embolization of the CEPS was performed using micro‐coils. There were no complications following the procedure and no further GI bleeding occurred, illustrating the efficacy of this treatment option for CEPS. We discuss the literature regarding the presenting complaint of GI bleeding post–LT, CEPS as a rare cause of GI bleeding and its association with PV, and the classification and treatment of CEPS.
Characterisation of chicken viperin Goossens, Kate E.; Karpala, Adam J.; Rohringer, Andreas ...
Molecular immunology,
February 2015, 2015-Feb, 2015-02-00, 20150201, Letnik:
63, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
•Molecular cloning and bioinformatic analysis of chicken viperin shows high similarity to other species.•Chicken viperin contains structural motifs similar to mammalian orthologues.•Chicken viperin ...expression is upregulated by various viral mimics.•Induction of chicken viperin is triggered by viral infection.
The identification of immune pathways that protect against pathogens may lead to novel molecular therapies for both livestock and human health. Interferon (IFN) is a major response pathway that stimulates multiple genes targeted towards reducing virus. Viperin is one such interferon stimulated gene (ISG) that helps protect mammals from virus and may be critical to protecting chickens in the same way. In chickens, ISGs are not generally well characterised and viperin, in concert with other ISGs, may be important in protecting against virus. Here we identify chicken viperin (ch-viperin) and show that ch-viperin is upregulated in response to viral signature molecules. We further show that viperin is upregulated in response to virus infection in vivo. This data will benefit investigators targeting the antiviral pathways in the chicken.
The inclusion of solar thermal energy into energy systems requires storage possibilities to overcome the gap between supply and demand. Storage of thermal energy with closed sorption thermal energy ...systems has the advantage of low thermal losses and high energy density. However, the efficiency of these systems needs yet to be increased to become competitive on the market. In this paper, the so-called "charge boost technology" is developed and tested via experiments as a new concept for the efficiency increase of compact thermal energy storages. The main benefit of the charge boost technology is that it can reach a defined state of charge for sorption thermal energy storages at lower temperature levels than classic pure desorption processes. Experiments are conducted to provide a proof of principle for this concept. The results show that the charge boost technology does function as predicted and is a viable option for further improvement of sorption thermal energy storages. Subsequently, a new process application is developed by the author with strong focus on the utilization of the advantages of the charge boost technology over conventional desorption processes. After completion of the conceptual design, the theoretical calculations are validated via experiments.
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