Abstract Context The association between aging and falls risk, and the morbidity and mortality resulting from falls in older persons, is well documented. Results from a small number of studies of ...patients with cancer in inpatient settings suggest that patients with advanced cancer may be at high risk of falling. We present preliminary results pertaining to the incidence of falls in patients with advanced cancer from an ongoing study of risk factors for falls. Objectives To measure incidence of falls in patients with advanced cancer receiving palliative care, and to test the hypothesis that patients aged ≥65 years are at greater risk of falling than those aged <65 years. Methods Ambulant patients with cancer admitted to palliative care services were recruited. Demographic details were ascertained by patient interview and routine record review. Participants were followed-up by weekly telephone calls for up to six months. Results Follow-up has been completed for 119 patients; mean age was 66.91 (±12.86) years and 53.8% were male. Sixty-two participants (52.1%) fell during follow-up. The median time to fall for participants aged <65 and ≥65 years was 85 days (95% confidence interval CI 51.54–118.46) and 80 days (95% CI 44.07–115.93), respectively (χ2 = 0.034, P = 0.85). The incidence density of falls was 2770 per 1000 person-years. Conclusion One in two patients with advanced cancer fell during follow-up of up to six months, regardless of age. There is a need to investigate the sequelae of falls in patients with cancer, to ascertain the risk factors, and in particular, the modifiable risk factors in this population.
•Model emulsions were studied under varying freeze rates.•Slow freezing lead to increased droplet aggregation and phase separation.•Sucrose addition reduced droplet aggregation of fast and slow ...frozen emulsions.
The freezing rate used in industrial applications may vary for a number of reasons, such as changes in food mass, food composition, and freezing equipment operation. In this study, we evaluated the influence of freezing rates on the microstructure, stability and physicochemical properties of model emulsion-based sauces. Slow freezing (−0.015°C/min) resulted in a larger mean particle size than fast freezing (−0.11°C/min), which was attributed to increased fat droplet flocculation and coalescence. The influence of various additives (salt, sugar, gums) on the properties of the sauces was also investigated. The addition of 200mmol/L NaCl promoted droplet flocculation and phase separation whereas 150mmol/L sucrose inhibited droplet flocculation and phase separation, and inhibited ice crystal growth. The addition of 0.2% xanthan gum promoted flocculation, but inhibited phase separation and ice crystal growth. Our results are interpreted in terms of the influence of the additives on the phase behavior of water, and the colloidal interactions between the fat droplets. This study provides valuable information about the major factors, i.e., salt and sugar, and influence on the stability of emulsion-based products to freeze–thaw abuses, which has important implications for the development of high quality frozen meals.
•One-in-five adolescents reported suicidality or pain.•Pain was associated with an increased risk of suicidality and vice versa (OR=4.00).•Network analysis supported the pain-suicidality association ...(aOR=1.39).•This cross-sectional association was not moderated by depression.•Pain should be considered as a key risk correlate of suicidality in adolescents.
Whilst growing research suggests that pain is associated with suicidality in adolescence, it remains unclear whether this relationship is moderated by co-morbid depressive symptoms. The present study aimed to investigate whether the pain-suicidality association is moderated by depressive symptoms.
We performed secondary analyses on cross-sectional, pre-intervention data from the ‘My Resilience in Adolescence’ MYRIAD trial (ISRCTN ref: 86619085; N=8072, 11-15 years). Using odds ratio tests and (moderated) network analyses, we investigated the relationship between pain and suicidality, after controlling for depression, anxiety, inhibitory control deficits and peer problems. We investigated whether depression moderates this relationship and explored gender differences.
Overall, 20% of adolescents reported suicidality and 22% reported pain, whilst nine percent of adolescents reported both. The experience of pain was associated with a four-fold increased risk of suicidality and vice versa (OR=4.00, 95%-CI=3.54;4.51), with no gender differences. This cross-sectional association remained significant after accounting for depression, anxiety, inhibitory control deficits and peer problems (aOR=1.39). Depression did not moderate the pain-suicidality association.
The item-based, cross-sectional assessment of pain and suicidality precludes any conclusions about the direction of the effects and which aspects of suicidality and pain may drive this association.
Our findings underscore the need to consider pain as an independent risk correlate of suicidality in adolescents. Longitudinal research should examine how this relationship develops during adolescence. Clinically, our findings emphasise the need to assess and address suicidality in adolescents with pain, even in the absence of depressive symptoms.
ABSTRACT We present optical photometry and spectroscopy of the new eclipsing cataclysmic variable MASTER OTJ192328.22+612413.5, discovered by the MASTER team. We find the orbital period to be P = ...0.16764612(5) day/4.023507(1) hr. The depth of the eclipse (2.9 0.1 mag) suggests that the system is nearly edge on, and modeling of the system confirms the inclination to be between 81 3 and 83 6. The brightness outside the eclipse varies between observations, with a change of 1.6 0.1 mag. Spectroscopy reveals double-peaked Balmer emission lines. By using spectral features matching a late M-type companion, we bound the distance to be 750 250 pc, depending on the companion's spectral type. The source displays 2 mag brightness changes on timescales of days. The amplitude of these changes, along with the spectrum at the faint state, suggest that the system is possibly a dwarf nova. The lack of any high-excitation He ii lines suggests that this system is not magnetically dominated. The light curve in both quiescence and outburst resembles that of Lanning 386, implying MASTER OTJ192328.22+612413.5 is a possible cross between a dwarf nova and a SW Sextantis star.
The present investigation addresses the determination of minimum fluidization velocities at elevated temperatures for Geldart’s group-B powders. New experiments have been carried out to obtain bed ...porosity and air velocity at incipient fluidization over a wide range of temperatures between 298
K and 973
K using particles of ilmenite, sand, limestone, and quartz magnetite of varying sizes. A relatively simple linear empirical correlation between Reynolds number and Archimedes number has been developed to predict minimum fluidization velocity at high temperatures. The predicted values are in good agreement with the new experimental results and existing data in open literature within an error of ±15%. A best fit correlation (±4% error) for the bed porosity at incipient fluidization as a function of Reynolds number and Archimedes number has also been obtained.
Nuclear inheritance is highly ordered, ensuring stringent, unbiased partitioning of chromosomes before cell division. In plants, however, little is known about the analogous cellular processes that ...might ensure unbiased inheritance of non‐nuclear organelles, either in meristematic cell divisions or those induced during the acquisition of totipotency. We have investigated organelle redistribution and inheritance mechanisms during cell division in cultured tobacco mesophyll protoplasts. Quantitative analysis of organelle repositioning observed by autofluorescence of chloroplasts or green fluorescent protein (GFP), targeted to mitochondria or endoplasmic reticulum (ER), demonstrated that these organelles redistribute in an ordered manner before division. Treating protoplasts with cytoskeleton‐disrupting drugs showed that redistribution depended on actin filaments (AFs), but not on microtubules (MTs), and furthermore, that an intact actin cytoskeleton was required to achieve unbiased organelle inheritance. Labelling the actin cytoskeleton with a novel GFP‐fusion protein revealed a highly dynamic actin network, with local reorganisation of this network itself, appearing to contribute substantially to repositioning of chloroplasts and mitochondria. Our observations show that each organelle exploits a different strategy of redistribution to ensure unbiased partitioning. We conclude that inheritance of chloroplasts, mitochondria and ER in totipotent plant cells is an ordered process, requiring complex interactions with the actin cytoskeleton.
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