Introduction
An institutional ethical committee receives patients’ complaints regarding ethical side of physicians’ work, behavior and communication.
Objectives
This case report presents an example ...of unethical communication by a psychiatrist toward patients serving a prison sentence, who sought a psychiatrist’s examination. The main objectives were to evaluate the physician’s insight into objections as well as adherence to ethical rules and regulations defined by ethical code, law and other related acts. Identity and other identification data have been modified in relation to the real case for confidentiality.
Methods
The case of a written anonymous complaint to the institutional ethical committee and the psychiatrist’s statement on the patients’ accusations were taken as data source.
Results
Prisoners seeking psychiatrist’s help complained about the behavior of their attendant prison psychiatrist and stated that he insulted and humiliated them, shouted at them, was telling them horrible things (like “you are going to dye slowly”), was talking about them behind their back, ignored their disturbances, listened to several patients at the same time and revealed their diagnoses in front of other patients. The physician denied all the accusations in his feedback report, but stated that there have been conflicts with these patients. He concluded that he wondered why he could not communicate with them more roughly, that there was too much work to do and a lack of time. Furthermore, he worked too much for a small fee and he did not respect their problems while they constantly asked for something, and thus that they made a burden to the health system. Finally, he would not have even respond to an anonymous report.
Conclusions
In the presented case, there were many violations of ethical regulations and legal provisions. The psychiatrist made serious mistakes and misjudgments about numerous regulations of the Law on medical practice’s Article 21 regarding medical confidentiality (“Official Gazette” no. 117/08), Physician’s Oath Latest Version 2017, amended at the 68
th
Assembly of the World Medical Association as well as the Croatian Code of Medical Ethics and Deontology („Official Gazette” no. 55/08, pages 1-7, Article 1, paragraphs 1,2,3,4,5,6, Article 2, paragraphs 1,2,14, Article 8, paragraphs 1,2, Article 9, paragraph 12, Article 10, paragraphs 1,2) regarding obligation to preserve the noble tradition of the medical profession by maintaining high standards of professional work and ethical behavior toward the patient, respecting the patient’s rights in physical and mental aspects, taking care of his personal dignity and securing a medical secret. Additional efforts must be made by various stakeholders in health care so that ethical postulates are more strongly embodied in everyday physician’s work, without arbitrary interpretations.
Disclosure of Interest
None Declared
A bridge architecture enabling seamless wireless interconnection within an optical fiber link is studied. Optical baseband data is remodulated by local oscillators using two stages to allow efficient ...and cost-effective upconversion. Proof-of-concept experiments show the feasibility of the approach. Direct operation with standard optical signals and ease of integration in the conventional optical fiber infrastructure define the transparency property of this subsystem, which represents a potential solution to restore data traffic in scenarios where fiber deployment is uneconomical or a disaster has taken place.
Display omitted
•An architecture for wireless bridges based on a two stage upconversion using an array of optical modulators is presented.•The use of optical modulators allows highly stable channel allocation in the mm-Wave spectrum.•Consequently, efficient use of the radio spectrum and no significant degradation is provided.•Transparent bridging operation within standard carrier infrastructure is demonstrated.
•The predatory mite Protogamasellopsis zaheri is a promising biological control agent of soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines.•Intrinsic rates of increase Protogamasellopsis zaheri on eggs and ...J2 of soybean cyst nematode as food were about 0.204–0.209 female/ female/ day.•Complementing the diet of Protogamasellopsis zaheri with free-living nematode resulted in higher oviposition.
The soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is one of the most harmful and difficult pest to control in soybean crops in Brazil and other countries. Predatory mites of the family Rhodacaridae (Mesostigmata) are commonly found below the soil surface, where SCN is also commonly found. The objective of this work was to evaluate the suitability of different SCN developmental stages to the rhodacarid Protogamasellopsis zaheri Abo-Shnaf, Castilho & Moraes and to study its life cycle when offered eggs and second stage immatures (J2) of that nematode as food, under laboratory condition. The results showed that the predator was able to prey on SCN eggs, J2 and adult females, and to complete its life cycle with eggs and J2 of that prey. SCN active adult females and cysts were not adequate food. Life table parameters showed no significand differences between the performance of the predator on SCN on eggs and J2; intrinsic rates of increase on those food types were about 0.204–0.209 female/ female/ day. The present study is the first to demonstrate the potential for predation of a species of predatory mite on SCN. Subsequent research is warranted to evaluate the efficiency of this predator in the control of this pest in semi-field and field conditions.
Among the frustrated magnetic materials, spin-ice stands out as a particularly interesting system. Residual entropy, freezing and glassiness, Kasteleyn transitions and fractionalization of ...excitations in three dimensions all stem from a simple classical Hamiltonian. But is the usual spin-ice Hamiltonian a correct description of the experimental systems? Here we address this issue by measuring magnetic susceptibility in the two most studied spin-ice compounds, Dy2Ti2O7 and Ho2Ti2O7, using a vector magnet. Using these results, and guided by a theoretical analysis of possible distortions to the pyrochlore lattice, we construct an effective Hamiltonian and explore it using Monte Carlo simulations. We show how this Hamiltonian reproduces the experimental results, including the formation of a phase of intermediate polarization, and gives important information about the possible ground state of real spin-ice systems. Our work suggests an unusual situation in which distortions might contribute to the preservation rather than relief of the effects of frustration.
One of the quality indicators for honey is 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furaldehyde (HMF), which is formed during the heating or aging of honey. The International Honey Commission recommends three methods for ...the determination of HMF in honey: the Winkler method, the White method, and determination by HPLC. The Winkler method uses the carcinogenic substance p-toluidine, which is not in accordance with the principles of Green Chemistry. The present work describes the determination of HMF in honey by flow injection analysis (FIA) using a modified Winkler method, replacing p-toluidine with p-aminobenzoic acid. The linear range was 1.00 to 40.0 mg L−1, the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.43 mg L−1, and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 1.32 mg L−1. The method is an efficient and environmentally friendly technique for the analysis of HMF in honey.
Silicon pixel sensors are at the core of the current ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), and as the detector component closest to the interaction point, they are exposed to a ...significant amount of radiation during operation. This paper presents a digitization model incorporating radiation damage effects to the pixel sensors. Predictions for basic pixel cluster properties such as the charge collection efficiency are also presented alongside validation studies with Run 2 collision data in ATLAS Pixel Detector.
Abstract At the global level, Sorghum bicolor (L.), is one of the most important crops, which ranks fifth among all cereals. It is cultivated in Africa, Asia, Oceania and the Americas, where it ...serves as a source of food and feed for humans and animals, respectively. However, production is constrained by several factors including pests and diseases. Among the pests that are known to attack Sorghum, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), commonly called the green cereal aphid, is the most destructive pest of sorghum. S. graminum damage to sorghum is worsen by water deficit which favors its occurrence. Limited information on the spatial distribution of the pest and its natural enemies impedes the development of ecologically friendly management strategies. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine the spatiotemporal distribution of S. graminum and its natural enemy Coccinella septempunctata (L.) during the vegetative and reproductive stage of the crop using geostatistical analysis. The spatiotemporal distribution of S. graminum was influenced by Sorghum development stage, surrounding landscape, and presence of its main predator C. septempunctata. Moreover, the abundance of C. septempunctata was influenced by the density of S. graminum. The findings from this study are required for developing sustainable pest management strategies against S. graminum.
Resumo Em uma escala global o Sorghum bicolor (L.) é uma das culturas mais importantes, ocupando o quinto lugar entre todos os cereais. É cultivada na África, Ásia, Oceania e Américas, onde serve como fonte de alimento e ração para humanos e animais, respectivamente. No entanto, a produção é limitada por vários fatores, incluindo pragas e doenças. Entre as pragas que atacam o sorgo, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), comumente chamado de pulgão verde dos cereais, é a praga mais destrutiva do sorgo. O dano de S. graminum ao sorgo é agravado pelo déficit hídrico que favorece sua ocorrência. Informações limitadas sobre a distribuição espacial da praga e seus inimigos naturais impedem o desenvolvimento de estratégias de manejo ecologicamente corretas. Portanto, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi determinar a distribuição espaço-temporal de S. graminum e seu inimigo natural Coccinella septempunctata (L.) durante a fase vegetativa e reprodutiva da cultura por meio de análise geoestatística. A distribuição espaço-temporal de S. graminum foi influenciada pelo estágio de desenvolvimento do sorgo, paisagem circundante e presença de seu principal predador C. septempunctata. Além disso, a abundância de C. septempunctata foi influenciada pela densidade de S. graminum. Os resultados deste estudo são necessários para o desenvolvimento de estratégias sustentáveis de manejo de pragas contra S. graminum.
Following limb amputation, central and peripheral nervous system relays partially maintain their functions and can be exploited for interfacing prostheses. The aim of this study is to investigate, ...for the first time by means of an EEG-TMS co-registration study, whether and how direct bidirectional connection between brain and hand prosthesis impacts on sensorimotor cortical topography.
Within an experimental protocol for robotic hand control, a 26 years-old, left-hand amputated male was selected to have implanted four intrafascicular electrodes (tf-LIFEs-4) in the median and ulnar nerves of the stump for 4 weeks. Before tf-LIFE-4s implant (T0) and after the training period, once electrodes have been removed (T1), experimental subject's cortico-cortical excitability, connectivity and plasticity were tested via a neuronavigated EEG-TMS experiment.
The statistical analysis clearly demonstrated a significant modulation (with t-test p < 0.0001) of EEG activity between 30 and 100 ms post-stimulus for the stimulation of the right hemisphere. When studying individual latencies in that time range, a global amplitude modulation was found in most of the TMS-evoked potentials; particularly, the GEE analysis showed significant differences between T0 and T1 condition at 30 ms (p < 0.0404), 46 ms (p < 0.0001) and 60 ms (p < 0.007) latencies. Finally, also a clear local decrement in N46 amplitude over C4 was evident. No differences between conditions were observed for the stimulation of the left hemisphere.
The results of this study confirm the hypothesis that bidirectional neural interface could redirect cortical areas -deprived of their original input/output functions- toward restorative neuroplasticity. This reorganization strongly involves bi-hemispheric networks and intracortical and transcortical modulation of GABAergic inhibition.
The genomic resources of small grain cereals that include some of the most important crop species such as wheat, barley, and rye are attaining a level of completion that now is contributing to new ...structural and functional studies as well as refining molecular marker development and mapping strategies for increasing the efficiency of breeding processes. The integration of new efforts to obtain reference sequences in bread wheat and barley, in particular, is accelerating the acquisition and interpretation of genome-level analyses in both of these major crops.
PDF
