Population aging is inevitable. Old age is marked with health problems because of aging process, long-term chronic illnesses, also associated with social and mental problems.
To determine the pattern ...of physical morbidities in geriatric population and to study the utilization of health services among them.
A cross-sectional study was undertaken from April to September 2017, among 270 consenting elderly people, residing in urban slums under field practice area of a medical college, using a structured interview schedule.
Among the 270 elderly, 36.30% were males, 80% belonged to nuclear families. A total of 262 reported of some morbidity, 61.85% had hypertension, 45.19% had diabetes, 37.78% had acid peptic disease, and 51.08% reported to have 1--3 morbidities. Majority (41.85%) of them had visited a physician on an average of 4--6 times in the preceding year. A total of 84.81% went to the urban health center, whereas 24.81% to a government hospital for treatment. Reasons cited for preference of health facility were "free consultation" and "nearby location" (85.19%). A total of 90.74% received allopathic medicines.
Prevalence of morbidity was found to be high, which can be attributed to their compromised living conditions. Health-seeking behavior was found to be good.
Highly-pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) are the two most important poultry viruses in the world. Natural low-virulence NDV strains have been used as vaccines ...over the past 70 years with proven track records. We have previously developed a reverse genetics system to produce low-virulent NDV vaccine strain LaSota from cloned cDNA. This system allows us to use NDV as a vaccine vector for other avian pathogens.
Here, we constructed two recombinant NDVs (rNDVs) each of which expresses the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of HPAIV H5N1 strain A/Vietnam/1203/2004 from an added gene. In one, rNDV (rNDV-HA), the open reading frame (ORF) of HA gene was expressed without modification. In the second, rNDV (rNDV-HAF), the ORF was modified so that the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of the encoded HA gene were replaced with those of the NDV F protein. The insertion of either version of the HA ORF did not increase the virulence of the rNDV vector. The HA protein was found to be incorporated into the envelopes of both rNDV-HA and rNDV-HAF. However, there was an enhanced incorporation of the HA protein in rNDV-HAF. Chickens immunized with a single dose of either rNDV-HA or rNDV-HAF induced a high titer of HPAIV H5-specific antibodies and were completely protected against challenge with NDV as well as lethal challenges of both homologous and heterologous HPAIV H5N1.
Our results suggest that these chimeric viruses have potential as safe and effective bivalent vaccines against NDV and. HPAIV. These vaccines will be convenient and affordable, which will be highly beneficial to the poultry industry. Furthermore, immunization with these vaccines will permit serological differentiation of vaccinated and avian influenza field virus infected animals.
Symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema (SDRIFE), and fixed drug eruption (FDE) are adverse cutaneous drug reactions. SDRIFE is most commonly associated with the use of ...beta-lactam antibiotics. There is only one case report describing SDRIFE due to intake of doxycycline in literature. Previously reported case describes the characteristic morphology of well-defined macular erythema over the flexural and intertriginous area. We here in report a 38-year-old male presented with unusual morphology of SDRIFE, and well circumscribed erythematous patches suggestive of FDE on the thigh and back after doxycycline intake. Histopathology was consistent with SDRIFE and FDE respectively. The skin lesions improved with 5 days of 40 mg oral prednisolone. After 6 weeks, drug provocation with doxycycline was done following which patient developed itching and erythema over the older sites. Though there is a single published report of SDRIFE due to doxycycline, our case had additional findings of having pigmented FDE lesions along with flexural lesions of SDRIFE.
Botryomycosis is a rare chronic suppurative bacterial infection of skin and viscera mostly reported in immunocompromised adults. Most of published literature on botryomycosis are case reports. Though ...morphological presentation of cutaneous botryomycosis has been described as nodules, sinus, abscesses, and ulcers discharging seropurulent exudates, sequential evolution of lesions is not clear. We report a series of three cases of cutaneous botryomycosis in immunocompetent patients (one child and two adults). Two cases had localized lesion, while adult male had lesions in a sporotrichoid distribution. In all cases the lesions evolved in the form of appearance of subcutaneous swelling which later on developed multiple nodules and papules on surface which either developed erosion, ulceration or sinus on surface associated with seropurulent discharge. The organisms isolated from discharge and tissue culture were coagulase negative staphylococcus and methicillin sensitive staphylococcus aureus. All cases were treated with monotherapy of sensitive systemic antibiotic. Two patients fully recovered and one lost to follow-up in the middle of therapy.
An objective and reliable evaluation method for the efficiency of singeing process is developed by use of digital image processing. The overall fabric surface roughness before and after the singeing ...process has been estimated and evaluated comprehensively, specifically experimenting for darker shade samples that are prone to visual inspection errors. The energy, entropy, inertia, and homogeneity parameters of images of the fabric after and before singeing have been identified as the suitable descriptors of fabric surface roughness. A new integrating sphere imaging system that has been designed indigenously was used for image capture and analysis of unsinged and singed fabric with a digital DSLR camera. The imaging system ensures controlled, diffused and uniform illumination across the samples. The proposed evaluation method is found to be suitable and economic for analysis of singeing efficiency.
β-catenin has two different cellular functions: intercellular adhesion and transcriptional activity. The E3 ubiquitin ligase Siah1 causes ubiquitin-mediated degradation of the cytosolic β-catenin and ...therefore, impairs nuclear translocation and oncogenic function of β-catenin. However, the effect of Siah1 on the cell membrane bound β-catenin has not been studied. In this study, we identified that the carcinogenic bacterium H. pylori increased ETS2 transcription factor-mediated Siah1 protein expression in gastric cancer cells (GCCs) MKN45, AGS and Kato III. Siah1 protein level was also noticeably higher in gastric adenocarcinoma biopsy samples as compared to non-cancerous gastric epithelia. Siah1 knockdown significantly decreased invasiveness and migration of H. pylori-infected GCCs. Although, Siah1 could not increase degradation of the cytosolic β-catenin and its nuclear translocation, it enhanced degradation of the membrane-bound β-catenin in the infected GCCs. This loss of membrane-bound pool of β-catenin was not associated with the proteasomal degradation of E-cadherin. Thus, this work delineated the role of Siah1 in increasing invasiveness of H. pylori-infected GCCs.
Secondary syphilis can present with wide range of mucocutaneous lesions. Because of its varied morphology, it is considered a great mimicker. However, syphilitic lesions presenting as Sweet syndrome ...is uncommon. We report a case of a 28 year adult male presenting with erythematous edematous papules and plaques with pseudovesicular appearance, lichenoid annular plaques on skin, and painless indurated ulcer over the glans. The Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test was reactive (1:32 dilutions), and treponema pallidum hemagglutination test was positive. The histopathology from erythematous edematous lesion and genital ulcer revealed neutrophilic abscess and characteristic plasmacytic picture in biopsy, respectively. He was treated successfully with single dose intramuscular injection of benzathin penicillin 2.4 million units. This case is reported for its rarity.
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