The Inconel-718 is a nickel based super alloy containing an old age hardening alloy of nickel–chromium as addition which provides increased strength without its decrease in ductility. It is known as ...a difficult to cut material due to certain properties like high thermal resistance, high creep, corrosion resistance having the capability of retaining toughness and strength at high temperatures. Inconel-718 has a large number of applications in the world of manufacturing such as aircraft gas turbines, steam turbine power plants, reheaters and reciprocating engines. Due to such superior quality functions, its machining becomes more challenging for which Tungsten Carbide is one of the tools to improve the machinability to 2.64%. In this paper, parametric tests has been carried out in CNC machining to determine the tool performance and improve the machining conditions.
Some lead-free compounds of a general formula (Bi1-xSrx)(Fe1-xMnx)O3 (x = 0–0.15 with the interval of 0.05) were prepared by a mechanical alloying followed by sintering process. Structural, ...electrical and magnetic characteristics of multi-doped elements (Sr-Mn) in bismuth ferrite have been examined at different field frequencies and temperatures. X-ray diffraction studies suggest the rhombohedral phase for x ≤ 0.1 and the orthorhombic phase for x = 0.15. Study of frequency-dependent dielectric properties showed the enhancing trend of dielectric constant with increasing co-doping concentration. Detailed analysis of impedance data at different frequencies and temperature estimated the contribution of grains and grain boundaries in the capacitive and resistive properties of the studied samples. The study of magnetic properties exhibits the weak ferromagnetism in co-substituted samples with maximum saturation magnetization (Ms = 0.121 emu/gm) for higher concentration of doping (x = 0.15). The magneto-electric coefficient (αME), measured with the varying DC magnetizing field under fixed AC magnetic field, is found to be 15.368 Oe.
In the present age of globalization, technology-revolution and sustainable development, the presence of seasonality in tourist arrivals is considered as a key policy issue that affects the global ...tourism industry by creating instability in the demand and revenues. The seasonal component in a time-series distorts the prediction attempts for policy-making. In this context, it is quintessential to suggest an accurate method of producing the reliable forecast of foreign tourist arrivals. This paper evaluated the performance of Holt-Winters' and Seasonal ARIMA models for forecasting foreign tourist arrivals in India. The data on India's inbound tourism from Jan-2001 to June-2018 were used for preparing the forecast for the period July-2018 to June-2020. On the basis of Mean Absolute Error, Mean Absolute Percentage Error and Mean Square Error, the findings infer the relative efficiency of Holt-Winters' model over Seasonal ARIMA model in forecasting the foreign tourist arrivals in India. Thus, to reduce the perceived negative impacts of seasonality in Indian inbound tourism and to ensure foreign tourist visits round the year, niche products best suitable for Indian climatic and socio-cultural-institutional conditions need to be introduced and promoted in a large scale both at the national and global levels.
This study proposes a complex dual-tree wavelet transform (CDTWT) based control technique for a combined sensitive load, battery, and hybrid wind power system (HWPS) to improve the power quality ...(PQ). To make the system hybrid, both DC grid and AC grid are connected through two parallel inverters and to circumvent the sudden power demand, it is connected to the maingrid.The CDTWTbased control technique easily decomposes the nonlinear load current into different frequency levels and extracts the fundamental line frequency component for the computation of the actual active current component. In addition, to improve the power reliability (PR) and generate the desired current signals, a novel centralized control and power management (CCPM) approach is proposed. The generated reference current is used to coordinate both of the parallel inverters for offering synchronize power flow, regulate the voltage and frequency, and offer regardless of switching operation at both grid supporting and islanding conditions. The MATLAB/Simulink software is used to develop and test the proposed HWPS at different working modes as the failure of one inverter and the sudden addition of two wind turbines at grid-supporting mode and to show battery functionalities at islanding modes of operation. To justify the necessity of the proposed controller, the total harmonic distortion (THD), stability, and advancement of CDTWT results are also presented at different operating modes. From the test results, it is found that with the presence of 20.06% nonlinear load current, the overall improvement percentage of inverter and grid current is 96-97% and 99%, respectively. In addition to that, the proposed technique takes only 0.04-0.05 s transition time. The above percentages are well within the prescribed limit of IEEE-1541 and IEEE 15472018 and are suggested for real-time complex microgrid operation. (15 Figures, 2 Tables, 44 References)
The present study investigated the genetic component of host resistance to gastrointestinal nematode infections in two goat breeds in a semi-arid climatic region of India. The study was carried out ...on 888 animals belonging to two goat breeds. Live weight, faecal egg counts (FEC) and packed cell volume (PCV) following natural parasite challenge were measured at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of age over a 3-year period. Pedigree relationships between goats extending back 3 generations were available. The study estimated the heritabilities of indicator traits (FEC and PCV) in goats and also quantified relationships between indicator traits and growth traits at the genetic, phenotypic and environmental level. It also provided an insight for the inclusion of genetic information on resistance to nematode infection into breeding programmes. The heritabilities of the indicator traits were low to moderate in this population. Genetic correlations between FEC at 6, 9 and 12 months of age were strong (approaching unity) indicating that the trait may be controlled by same genes at these different ages. The genetic correlation between FEC and PCV from 6 months of age onwards was negative and moderate to strong. Correlations between FEC and growth traits tended to be negative. Selection index modeling investigated the use of FEC, PCV and bodyweight in selection schemes. Selection based on the measurements at 9 months of age was proposed as a means of improving productivity as well as reducing pasture contamination, thereby enhancing sustainable livestock production.
Perovskite types Ba1−xBi2x/3Ti0.75Zr0.25O3 (with x=0.0, 0.025, 0.05) ceramics have been prepared through solid state reaction route. The room temperature XRD study suggests that all the compositions ...have single phase cubic symmetry with space group Pm-3m. Temperature dependent dielectric studies of the ceramics have been investigated in the frequency range of 50Hz–1MHz. The densities of the samples are determined using Archimedes’ principle and found to be ∼98% of X-ray density. The dielectric study revealed diffuse phase transition of second order. A broad dielectric anomaly coupled with the shift of dielectric maxima toward a higher temperature with increasing frequency indicates the relaxor-type behavior in the ceramics. The diffusivity increases with increase in Bi contents in the studied composition range. The transition temperature decreases with increase in Bi contents due to the decrease in grain size.
Interest in the biomass as a source of fuel, chemicals, and materials is growing fast. The bio-oil derived from biomass is attractive due to its renewability and the fact that it is CO2 balanced and ...sulfur free. The physical and chemical characteristics of biomass (i.e. wheat−wood sawdust) were estimated using proximate analysis, calorific value, crystallinity, devolatalization behavior, and ultimate analysis. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) of ash, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and composition of water-soluble sugars of mixed biomass (wheat−wood sawdust) were also carried out. For commercial purposes, the same biomass was used for conversion to bio-oil by fast pyrolysis process. In order to investigate its properties, bio-oil was systematically characterized using different measurements such as proximate analysis and calorific value, whereas the chemical composition of bio-oil was estimated using CHNS, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), gas chromatography flame ionization detection (GC-FID), and GC/MS. The bio-oil obtained was a mixture of hydrocarbons, pyranoids, furanoids, benzenoids, and fatty acids/alcohols along with 45% of water. The high amount of water present in bio-oil forms an azeotrope with organic polar compounds. The organic fraction of the bio-oil was isolated by supercritical carbon dioxide (SC−CO2), and it was observed that the first fraction of SC−CO2 extraction collected at 25 MPa was enriched with furanoids (9.9%), pyranoids (9.0%), and bezenoids (44.8%). The organic fraction present in the bio-oil was extracted by organic solvents, and the yields and chemical compositions of products were compared with those obtained from SC−CO2 fractions.
Insulin like growth factor (IGF 1) play an important role in the production and reproduction. One hundred and ninety two adult goats of Barbari and Jamunapari breed were taken for study. Data on ...growth traits were recorded to identify SNPs in the IGF-1gene by using High Resolution Melting (HRM) technique. Five fragments of IGF-1 were amplified length of amplicon were 105, 124, 150, 122 and 122 bp covering 5’UTR, 3’UTR, Exon 3, Exon 2 and 5’UTR regions, respectively and subsequently sequenced. The HRM analysis revealed no sequence variation among the samples of both breeds. Hence, the all five amplified fragments of IGF-1 gene showed monomorphic pattern and, no significant association could be detected with growth traits in Barbari and Jamunapari goats.
The extent of genetic diversity within a species is an important determinant of successful adaptation to adverse environmental conditions. Assessment of extent of genetic diversity/variability is ...also important to monitor genetic erosion within a species. In threatened plant species, genetic diversity assessment helps in selection of genetically diverse populations to enrich the genetically impoverished populations, thus minimizing the probability of genetic drift. Confirming taxonomic identity of threatened species, particularly those belonging to species complexes with dispute identity, is another essential task in the conservation of threatened species, which is best resolved through molecular approaches. The present study estimated the genetic variability within and among the populations of four threatened species, viz. Justicia beddomei (C.B. Clarke) Bennet (Acanthaceae), Embelia ribes Burm. f. (Myrsinaceae), Madhuca insignis (Radlk.) H.J. Lam (Sapotaceae) and Cycas beddomei Dyer (Cycadaceae) using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) and Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers for selecting the genetically diverse populations. The phylogeny was analysed through ITS (nrDNA) and matK (cpDNA) sequences to confirm the species identity. The phylogenetic analyses confirmed four distinct species of Justicia, which also revealed that J. beddomei and J. adhatoda were sister groups with a common ancestor showing rapid parallel speciation with J. gendarussa in one clade and J. betonica in another. Madhuca insignis with extremely small population in the Western Ghats (Karnataka to Kerala) might have undergone either extensive hybridization or incipient speciation. In case of Embelia species, a greater evolutionary closeness between E. subcoraceae and E. floribunda was revealed, while E. ribes had a distinct clad. Both ISSR and SSR markers distinguished various genotypes of Cycas beddomei.
