BACKGROUND Acute asthma is a common ED presentation. In a prospective, multicenter cohort study, we determined the frequency and factors associated with asthma relapse following discharge from the ...ED. METHODS Adults aged 18 to 55 years who were treated for acute asthma and discharged from 20 Canadian EDs underwent a structured ED interview and a follow-up telephone interview 4 weeks later. Standardized antiinflammatory treatment was offered at discharge. Multivariable analyses were performed. RESULTS Of 807 enrolled patients, 58% were women, and the median age was 30 years. Relapse occurred in 144 patients (18%) within 4 weeks of ED discharge. Factors independently associated with relapse occurrence were female sex (women, 22% vs men, 12%; adjusted OR aOR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.2-3.0); symptom duration of ≥ 24 h prior to ED visit (long duration, 19% vs short duration, 13%; aOR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.3-2.3); ever using oral corticosteroids (ever use, 21% vs never use, 12%; aOR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1-2.0); current use of an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS/long-acting β-agonist combination product (combination product, 25% vs ICS monotherapy,15%; aOR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.1-3.2); and owning a spacer device (owning one, 24% vs not owning one, 15%; aOR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.3-1.9). CONCLUSIONS Despite receiving guideline-concordant antiinflammatory treatments at ED discharge, almost one in five patients relapsed within 4 weeks. Female sex, prolonged symptoms, treatment-related factors, and markers of prior asthma severity were significantly associated with relapse. These results may help physicians target more aggressive interventions for patients at high risk of relapse.
The Metabolomics of Asthma Adamko, Darryl J., MD; Sykes, Brian D., PhD; Rowe, Brian H., MD, FCCP
Chest,
05/2012, Letnik:
141, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Asthma is one of the most common chronic illnesses, especially in children. Reaching the diagnosis of asthma and its management are more difficult than for other chronic illnesses. For example, ...asthma is a heterogeneous syndrome with many clinical classifications based on patient symptoms, lung function, and response to therapy. The symptoms and objective measurements of lung function, often used to guide therapy, are largely based on the inflammation of the airways. Because measuring airway dysfunction and inflammation in a typical clinical setting is difficult, it is often not done. Metabolomics is the study of small molecules generated from cellular metabolic activity. It is possible that the metabolic profile of a patient with a chronic illness such as asthma is different from that of a healthy patient or from a patient with another respiratory illness. Furthermore, if this metabolome could be measured, it might also vary with disease severity. The pattern of metabolites becomes the diagnostic representing the disease. This article outlines the more recent work that has been done to develop the metabolomic profile of asthma.
Background Heart failure (HF) is a common emergency department (ED) presentation and a leading reason for hospitalization. Canadian practice patterns for the management of acute HF have not been well ...described. Objective To describe current treatment patterns of patients presenting to the ED with acute HF and investigate whether these treatments influenced outcomes. Methods A health record review was performed in a 30% random sample of all patients who presented to six EDs in the Capital Health Region (Edmonton, Alberta) with a most responsible diagnosis of acute HF from April 2002, to March 2003. Results A total of 448 patients (45% women) with a mean (± SD) age of 75.3±11.2 years were included. Comorbidities included hypertension (55%), coronary artery disease (39%) and previous myocardial infarction (38%). In the first 72 h, patients were most commonly treated with intravenous furosemide (48%), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (45%), oral furosemide (42%) and salbutamol (38%). Fifty-four per cent of patients were admitted to the hospital, and 20% died or were readmitted within 30 days. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed age, history of HF, history of angioplasty and oxygen administration in the ED as independent predictors of death or readmission at 30 days. No medications were associated with decreased readmission or death. Conclusions The current treatment patterns for acute HF are mostly symptomatic. Proven efficacious HF therapies remain underused. Future research should focus on the integration of disease management, identifying predictors of admission and readmission, and treatments to reduce rehospitalization.
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