The extraction and understanding of text knowledge become increasingly crucial in the age of big data. One of the current research areas in the field of natural language processing (NLP) is how to ...accurately understand the text and collect accurate linguistic information because Chinese vocabulary is diverse and ambiguous. This paper mainly studies the candidate entity generation module of the entity link system. The candidate entity generation module constructs an entity reference expansion algorithm to improve the recall rate of candidate entities. In order to improve the efficiency of the connection algorithm of the entire system while ensuring the recall rate of candidate entities, we design a graph model filtering algorithm that fuses shallow semantic information to filter the list of candidate entities, and verify and analyze the efficiency of the algorithm through experiments. By analyzing the related technology of the entity linking algorithm, we study the related technology of candidate entity generation and entity disambiguation, improve the traditional entity linking algorithm, and give an innovative and practical entity linking model. The recall rate exceeds 82%, and the link accuracy rate exceeds 73%. Efficient and accurate entity linking can help machines to better understand text semantics, further promoting the development of NLP and improving the users’ knowledge acquisition experience on the text.
As the population ages, more elderly patients require radiotherapy-based treatment for their pelvic malignancies, including muscle-invasive bladder cancer, as they are unfit for major surgery. ...Therefore, there is an urgent need to find radiosensitizing agents minimally toxic to normal tissues, including bowel and bladder, for such patients. We developed methods to determine normal tissue toxicity severity in intestine and bladder
, using novel radiotherapy techniques on a small animal radiation research platform (SARRP). The effects of panobinostat on
tumor growth delay were evaluated using subcutaneous xenografts in athymic nude mice. Panobinostat concentration levels in xenografts, plasma, and normal tissues were measured in CD1-nude mice. CD1-nude mice were treated with drug/irradiation combinations to assess acute normal tissue effects in small intestine using the intestinal crypt assay, and later effects in small and large intestine at 11 weeks by stool assessment and at 12 weeks by histologic examination.
effects of panobinostat were assessed by qPCR and of panobinostat, TMP195, and mocetinostat by clonogenic assay, and Western blot analysis. Panobinostat resulted in growth delay in RT112 bladder cancer xenografts but did not significantly increase acute (3.75 days) or 12 weeks' normal tissue radiation toxicity. Radiosensitization by panobinostat was effective in hypoxic bladder cancer cells and associated with class I HDAC inhibition, and protein downregulation of HDAC2 and MRE11. Pan-HDAC inhibition is a promising strategy for radiosensitization, but more selective agents may be more useful radiosensitizers clinically, resulting in fewer systemic side effects.
To obtain an accurate magnetizing curve of induction motors at standstill, including both field-weakening region and saturated region, a novel method for estimation of mutual inductance L m is ...proposed. At first, the reasons causing error of L m identified by conventional ac-current-injection-based method, i.e., fluctuation of static L m and differential inductance effect, are clarified in a theoretical view. To solve the problem, a continuous ac excitation of customized low frequency, with dc offset, is designed to excite the motor in single-phase mode. While dc offset with configurable amplitudes is used to fix the saturation level and restrain variation of static L m , ac excitation maintains identifiability of the inductance. After the estimated L m is retrieved from stator-side reactance, a direct numerical-integration method is proposed to effectively correct the differential inductance effect. The influence of injection frequency is rigorously investigated, which is also a key point for successful estimation. Both simulation and experiments have been implemented to demonstrate the feasibility and validity of the proposed method.
For safety-critical industrial systems, standby redundancy is widely applied to guarantee safety requirements. With the advancement of sensing technology, real-time system reliability evaluation can ...be executed to prevent failures, for which the load-sharing characteristic has to be considered because multiple components jointly accomplish the mission. In this article, a novel methodology is proposed to online assess the reliability and optimize the mode transfer scheduling of the degrading standby system considering the load-sharing characteristic. First, the stepwise drifted Wiener process is invoked to characterize the component degradation process. Then, to deal with the process and measurement noise, the monitored degradation data are processed online to update the component degradation state and rate, based on the particle filter. Besides, a Monte Carlo method involving the closed Newton-Cotes quadrature rule is employed to quantify the real-time system reliability. Finally, the mode transfer scheduling of standby components is optimized online to maximize the system reliability at mission time. A numerical example and a case study referring to the aircraft hydraulic system are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed methodology.
Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) are aggressive diseases with poor response to chemotherapy and dismal survival. Identification of effective strategies to target PTCL biology represents an urgent ...need. Here we report that PTCL are sensitive to transcription-targeting drugs, and, in particular, to THZ1, a covalent inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7). The STAT-signalling pathway is highly vulnerable to THZ1 even in PTCL cells that carry the activating STAT3 mutation Y640F. In mutant cells, CDK7 inhibition decreases STAT3 chromatin binding and expression of highly transcribed target genes like MYC, PIM1, MCL1, CD30, IL2RA, CDC25A and IL4R. In surviving cells, THZ1 decreases the expression of STAT-regulated anti-apoptotic BH3 family members MCL1 and BCL-XL sensitizing PTCL cells to BH3 mimetic drugs. Accordingly, the combination of THZ1 and the BH3 mimetic obatoclax improves lymphoma growth control in a primary PTCL ex vivo culture and in two STAT3-mutant PTCL xenografts, delineating a potential targeted agent-based therapeutic option for these patients.
Treatment of mantle-cell lymphoma (MCL) is nonstandardized, though patients are commonly treated immediately at diagnosis. Because data on observation, or "watch and wait," have not been previously ...reported, we analyzed the outcome of deferred initial therapy.
Inclusion criteria in this retrospective analysis were a diagnosis of MCL between 1997 and 2007 and known date of first treatment. Hospital and research charts were reviewed for prognostic and treatment-related information. Date of death was derived from hospital records and confirmed using an online Social Security death index.
Of 97 patients with MCL evaluated at Weill Cornell Medical Center, 31 patients (32%) were observed for more than 3 months before initial systemic therapy, with median time to treatment for the observation group of 12 months (range, 4 to 128 months). The observation group (median follow-up, 55 months) had a median age of 58 years (range, 40 to 81 years). Prognostic factors in assessable patients included advanced stage (III/IV) in 75%, elevated lactate dehydrogenase in 25%, and intermediate- or high-risk Mantle Cell International Prognostic Index in 54%. Better performance status and lower-risk standard International Prognostic Index scores were more commonly present in those undergoing observation. Although time to treatment did not predict overall survival in a multivariate analysis, the survival profile of the observation group was statistically superior to that of the early treatment group (not reached v 64 months, P = .004).
In selected asymptomatic patients with MCL, deferred initial treatment ("watch and wait") is an acceptable management approach.
Do D-dimer levels influence the pregnancy outcomes after treatment with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in women of recurrent miscarriage (RM), repeated biochemical pregnancy losses (BPL), and a ...positive test for antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs)?
This study was a retrospective chart review of 569 RM patients who were identified as having a history of BPL and a positive aPL. These patients were grouped into three groups according to their treatment plan including those who received low dose aspirin (LDA) alone (group A), LDA plus LMWH after ovulation therapy (group B), and LDA plus LMWH after pregnancy confirmation (group C). We hypothesized that the administration of LMWH after ovulation increased the rates of live birth. D-dimer may predict the pregnancy outcome after treatment.
The live birth rate of group B and group C is significantly higher than group A (86.96% and 66.80% vs. 52.89%, p < 0.0001, respectively). The live birth rate in group A, B, and C with elevated D-dimer is 36.92%, 90.52%, and 61.60% respectively. However, there is no significant difference in live birth rate among those who had normal baseline D-dimer.
These results suggest that LMWH therapy is more effective in improving the live birth rate when given after ovulation than after pregnancy confirmation. The plasma D-dimer assay can possibly guide LMWH treatment appropriately.
In this study we compared three different microbubble-based approaches to the delivery of a widely used chemotherapy drug, gemcitabine: (i) co-administration of gemcitabine and microbubbles (Gem+MB); ...(ii) conjugates of microbubbles and gemcitabine-loaded liposomes (GemlipoMB); and (iii) microbubbles with gemcitabine directly bound to their surfaces (GembioMB). Both in vitro and in vivo investigations were carried out, respectively, in the RT112 bladder cancer cell line and in a murine orthotopic muscle-invasive bladder cancer model. The in vitro (in vivo) ultrasound exposure conditions were a 1 (1.1) MHz centre frequency, 0.07 (1.0) MPa peak negative pressure, 3000 (20,000) cycles and 100 (0.5) Hz pulse repetition frequency. Ultrasound exposure produced no significant increase in drug uptake either in vitro or in vivo compared with the drug-only control for co-administered gemcitabine and microbubbles. In vivo, GemlipoMB prolonged the plasma circulation time of gemcitabine, but only GembioMB produced a statistically significant increase in cleaved caspase 3 expression in the tumor, indicative of gemcitabine-induced apoptosis.
As the most attractive and fastest growing fluorescent sensing materials, metal‐organic compounds have demonstrated great potential for the detection of various types of chemicals. Two fluorescent ...phosphonate complexes Cu3O2(HL)2 ⋅ 2H2O (1) and Cu(H2L)2 ⋅ 3H2O (2) with diverse structures were designed and synthesized for this purpose from ((2’‐cyano‐1,1’‐biphenyl‐4‐yl)methyl)phosphonic acid (H2L) and copper ions with various valence state under solvothermal conditions. The structures of 1 and 2 are determined by single X‐ray crystal diffraction, and further characterized by elemental analysis, IR, TGA and PXRD. The two complexes demonstrate diverse properties on sensing Fe3+ ions, ketone and some antibiotics, and the according detection limits are obtained, indicating which could be applied as a fast, recyclable, and multi‐responsive fluorescence sensor. The sensing activity diversity between 1 and 2 toward different analytes was also discussed based on the possible sensing mechanisms to further explore the possible factors affecting the sensibility of the materials.
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