This study synthesized and characterized composites of graphene oxide and TiO
2
(GO–TiO
2
). GO–TiO
2
thin films were deposited using the doctor blade technique. Subsequently, the thin films were ...sensitized with a natural dye extracted from a Colombian source (
Bactris guineensis
). Thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and diffuse reflectance measurements were used for physico-chemical characterization. All the samples were polycrystalline in nature, and the diffraction signals corresponded to the TiO
2
anatase crystalline phase. Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) verified the synthesis of composite thin films, and the SEM analysis confirmed the TiO
2
films morphological modification after the process of GO incorporation and sensitization. XPS results suggested a possibility of appearance of titanium (III) through the formation of oxygen vacancies (O
v
). Furthermore, the optical results indicated that the presence of the natural sensitizer and GO improved the optical properties of TiO
2
in the visible range. Finally, the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue was studied under visible irradiation in aqueous solution, and pseudo-first-order model was used to obtain kinetic information about photocatalytic degradation. These results indicated that the presence of GO has an important synergistic effect in conjunction with the natural sensitizer, reaching a photocatalytic yield of 33%.
Biogenic amines (BAs) are low molecular weight nitrogenous compounds, formed by the breakdown of proteins in highly perishable food products such as fish. BAs can affect human health and are ...associated with cases of food poisoning. The formation of Bas such as histamine, putrescine, and tyramine were determined, via Process Analytical Chemistry (PAC), in three species of freshwater fish available in markets of city of Pasto in southern Colombia: rainbow trout, tilapia, and cachama. We evaluated the formation of BAs during the fish conservation processes and considered a multifactorial design with two levels. The factors studied were: fish species, slaughter type, storage temperature, and time to purchase. Out of the three fish species studies, tilapia samples revealed the highest average content of putrescine and histamine, with values of 5.4 µg/g and 10.04 µg/g, respectively. Tyramine was not detected in any of the experiments performed. The observed values of BAs in the samples analyzed were below locally tolerated maximal values and the European standard (200 µg/g). However, their presence reveals that factors such as sample storage temperature and time to consumption triggered their formation.
This study synthesized and characterized composites of graphene oxide and TiO
(GO-TiO
). GO-TiO
thin films were deposited using the doctor blade technique. Subsequently, the thin films were ...sensitized with a natural dye extracted from a Colombian source (
). Thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and diffuse reflectance measurements were used for physico-chemical characterization. All the samples were polycrystalline in nature, and the diffraction signals corresponded to the TiO
anatase crystalline phase. Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) verified the synthesis of composite thin films, and the SEM analysis confirmed the TiO
films morphological modification after the process of GO incorporation and sensitization. XPS results suggested a possibility of appearance of titanium (III) through the formation of oxygen vacancies (O
). Furthermore, the optical results indicated that the presence of the natural sensitizer and GO improved the optical properties of TiO
in the visible range. Finally, the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue was studied under visible irradiation in aqueous solution, and pseudo-first-order model was used to obtain kinetic information about photocatalytic degradation. These results indicated that the presence of GO has an important synergistic effect in conjunction with the natural sensitizer, reaching a photocatalytic yield of 33%.
Green high-surface area Ordered Mesoporous Carbons (OMCs) (576–948 m2/g) were successfully synthesized by the hard template method using xylose, glucose and lignin solutions obtained from almond ...shells, a local biomass waste, as carbon precursors, and SBA-15 as a template. The catalytic potential of OMCs, as catalytic supports or as catalysts, has been preliminarily tested for different reactions of interest. A dried sulfonic-acid treated OMC, obtained from xylose extract, led to full conversion and 92% selectivity to di- and tri-ethers of glycerol for the glycerol etherification with isobutene at 80 °C. A sulfonic-acid treated OMC, obtained from glucose, presented a higher turnover frequency (TOF) value and slightly lower selectivity to levulinic acid than commercial Amberlyst-15 for the conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural at 180 °C. The use of an OMC obtained from lignin as catalytic support of a nickel catalyst combined with H-Beta led to 78% of selectivity to cyclohexane at total conversion for the hydrodeoxygenation of guaiacol at 180 °C.
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•Ordered mesoporous carbons were prepared from xylose, glucose and lignin from biomass.•% of selectivity to h-GTBE was achieved with dried sulfonic-acid OMC from xylose.•Moderate selectivity to levulinic acid was obtained with sulfonic-acid OMC from glucose.•Ni supported on OMC from lignin combined with H-Beta led 78 % of cyclohexane selectivity.•Whole use of biomass waste is proposed to develop the circular bioeconomy concept.
•Lacosamide is a good option in children with focal drug-resistant epilepsy.•Lacosamide is a safe and well-tolerated antiepileptic drug for refractory epilepsies.•The efficacy of lacosamide in ...generalized epilepsies shows conflicting data.•Seizure worsening with lacosamide is more frequent in generalized epilepsies.•The efficacy of lacosamide in pediatric status epilepticus shows scarce data.
Lacosamide, is one of the newer antiepileptic drug approved for focal drug-resistant epilepsy as an add-on treatment in patients older than 16 years. However, there is growing evidence of its use, safety and efficacy in children. We aim to evaluate efficacy and tolerability of lacosamide in focal and generalized drug-resistant epilepsy and refractory status epilepticus in the pediatric population.
We conducted a systematic review on MEDLINE, EMBASE, COCHRANE, Google Scholar and Scielo from January 2008 to January 2017. The primary outcome was the efficacy of lacosamide in children with drug-resistant epilepsy and refractory status epilepticus. Efficacy and adverse events attributed to lacosamide were extracted from each publication and systematically reported. We performed no meta-analyses due to limited available data.
Of 175 abstracts identified by the search, 82 were reviewed as full-text. Twenty-six articles fulfilled eligibility criteria and described outcomes in 797 patients (57% male). The majority of studies were retrospective (69%) small series (84%). On average 51% of patients had 50% or greater seizure reduction. The mean seizure freedom rate was 24%. Adverse effects occurred in 18–59% of patients. The main events were dizziness, sedation, gastrointestinal upset, mood and behavioral changes. Half of the patients with Lennox Gastaut syndrome showed 50% or greater seizure reduction, 32% did not response to lacosamide and 17% suffered seizure aggravation.
Current evidence shows lacosamide as a good option in pediatric patients with focal drug-resistant epilepsy and refractory status epilepticus as an add-on therapy given its efficacy on seizure control and safety profile. The use of lacosamide in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome shows conflicting data. Large randomized controlled studies in the pediatric population are necessary to substantiate these findings.
•The E484K mutation in B.1 + L249S+E484K appears not to affect the viral titer.•Sensitivity of lineages without E484K mutation to neutralizing antibodies did not change.•B.1 + L249S+E484K lineage ...shows a reduction in its neutralizing capacity.
The E484K mutation at the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein emerged independently in different variants around the world and has been widely associated with immune escape from neutralizing antibodies generated during previous infection or vaccination. In this work, the B.1 + L249S+E484K lineage was isolated along with A.1, B.1.420, and B.1.111 SARS-CoV-2 lineages without the E484K mutation and the neutralizing titer of convalescent sera was compared using microneutralization assays. While no significant differences in the neutralizing antibody titers were found between A.1 and B.lineages without the E484K mutation, the neutralizing titers against B.1 + L249S+E484K were 1.5, 1.9, 2.1, and 1.3-fold lower than against A.1, B.1.420, B.1.111-I, and B.1.111-II, respectively. However, molecular epidemiological data indicate that there is no increase in the transmissibility rate associated with this new lineage. This study supports the capability of new variants with the E484K mutation to be resistant to neutralization by humoral immunity, and therefore the need to intensify surveillance programs to determine if these lineages represent a risk for public health.
This article seeks to highlight the importance of the possible relationship between the PDET and the SDGs, as a strategy to promote social sustainability that allows transformation and renewal of ...territories in Colombia in the framework of peacebuilding. In addition, to strengthen public policies from a bottom-up and participatory approach, to articulate the different actors in the territories. The first moment presents the generalities of the SDGs and their 2030 global agenda. A second section explains the PDTs within the framework of the Peace Agreement in Colombia. The third phase seeks to generate reflection on the harmonization between the SDGs and the PDET, recognizing points of encounter and differences as a strategy that promotes social sustainability. In the fourth section of this article, we will discuss the design of participatory public policies from a bottom-up approach that allows contributing to the construction of peace; since the PDET and the SDGs are designed in the means of participation to respond effectively to the needs of communities and their environment. Finally, we will present the conclusions that show how the PDET with the SDGs could articulate in scenarios of transformation and renewal of territories in Colombia.
Este artículo busca evidenciar la importancia de la posible relación entre los PDET (Programas de Desarrollo con Enfoque Territorial) y los ODS (Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible), como una estrategia para promover la sostenibilidad social que permita la transformación y la renovación de los territorios en Colombia en el marco de la construcción de paz, además de fortalecer las políticas públicas participativas desde un enfoque de botton up, con el fin de articular los diferentes actores presentes en los territorios. Se presenta en un primer momento las generalidades de los ODS y su agenda mundial 2030. En un segundo apartado se explican los PDET en el marco del Acuerdo de Paz en Colombia. En un tercer momento se busca generar una reflexión sobre la armonización entre los ODS y los PDET, permitiendo así reconocer puntos de encuentro y diferencias, como una estrategia que promueva la sostenibilidad social. En el cuarto apartado de este artículo, se discutirá alrededor del diseño de las políticas públicas participativas desde un enfoque botton up que permita aportar a la construcción de paz, ya que los PDET y los ODS están diseñados en clave de esta participación, buscando así responder de manera efectiva a las necesidades de las comunidades y su entorno. Finalmente, se presentarán las conclusiones que evidencian cómo los PDET con los ODS podrían articularse para la transformación y renovación de los territorios en Colombia.
There is little information about weigh of factors possibly associated with mortality, in infections caused by Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in Latin America.
A case-controls study ...nested in a historical cohort was performed including all patients with CRE infections diagnosed between June 2013 and December 2018 at Hospital Universitario San Ignacio in Bogotá, Colombia. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to compare cases of mortality within the first month after the infection diagnosis with surviving patients.
A total of 131 patients were included. The overall 30-day mortality rate was 38.17%. In the multivariate analysis, a direct association was found between mortality and septic shock (OR 26.7 CI6.6-107.3 p < 0.01), post-chemotherapy febrile neutropenia (OR 3.3 CI1.06-10.8 p = 0.04) and Charlson Index ≥ 3 (OR 5.5 CI 1.5-20.06 p < 0.01). An inverse association was found with interventions to control the infectious focus (OR 0.3 CI0.1-0.7 p < 0.01). The MIC of different antibiotics and the use of combined antibiotic therapy (triple therapy vs. double therapy or monotherapy) were not associated with mortality.
In patients with CRE infections, septic shock, a Charlson comorbidity index ≥ 3, and post-chemotherapy febrile neutropenia are independently related to an increase in mortality. The control of the infectious focus is a protective factor. A rapid identification of these patients, and the implementation of measures to control infectious focus and to detect CRE colonization in patients who are going to be taken to myelosuppressive chemotherapy could impact positively the prognosis of these patients.
Design Thinking para el emprendimiento social Zárate Rueda, Ruth; Amado Aguillón, Angie Alexandra; Parra Suárez, Santiago
Revista Facultad de Ciencias Económicas: Investigación y Reflexión,
06/2022, Letnik:
30, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
El presente estudio tiene como propósito identificar la influencia de la innovación social y el marketing en la transformación de problemáticas sociales abordadas desde la participación ...comunitaria y el emprendimiento social, a partir de una revisión de literatura científica durante el periodo 2002-2021. De este modo, la metodología se desarrolló en tres fases: construcción de la ecuación de búsqueda y criterios de inclusión-exclusión, selección de los documentos en concordancia con los objetivos y análisis de contenido de la información recopilada en las bases de datos Web of Science y Scopus. Con los resultados bibliométricos se evidenciaron las tendencias de citación de artículos, junto con los autores, afiliaciones y años de publicación preponderantes en el medio científico; paralelamente, el contexto investigado se desarrolla desde la perspectiva investigativa con el objetivo de vincular las temáticas y recalcar que el emprendimiento social promueve la innovación social y el marketing para la transformación de problemas sociales locales con antecedentes distintivos; se destaca el Design Thinking como alternativa para el pensamiento, creación y diseño de cambios estructurales con la participación de los grupos de interés. Se concluye que el Design Thinking implica la consolidación de estrategias de cambio que involucran a las comunidades desde la participación para impulsar el emprendimiento social, competitividad y transformación social.
Design Thinking para el emprendimiento social Ruth Zárate Rueda; Angie Alexandra Amado Aguillón; Santiago Parra Suárez
Revista de la facultad de ciencias económicas,
06/2022, Letnik:
30, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
El presente estudio tiene como propósito identificar la influencia de la innovación social y el marketing en la transformación de problemáticas sociales abordadas desde la participación ...comunitaria y el emprendimiento social, a partir de una revisión de literatura científica durante el periodo 2002-2021. De este modo, la metodología se desarrolló en tres fases: construcción de la ecuación de búsqueda y criterios de inclusión-exclusión, selección de los documentos en concordancia con los objetivos y análisis de contenido de la información recopilada en las bases de datos Web of Science y Scopus. Con los resultados bibliométricos se evidenciaron las tendencias de citación de artículos, junto con los autores, afiliaciones y años de publicación preponderantes en el medio científico; paralelamente, el contexto investigado se desarrolla desde la perspectiva investigativa con el objetivo de vincular las temáticas y recalcar que el emprendimiento social promueve la innovación social y el marketing para la transformación de problemas sociales locales con antecedentes distintivos; se destaca el Design Thinking como alternativa para el pensamiento, creación y diseño de cambios estructurales con la participación de los grupos de interés. Se concluye que el Design Thinking implica la consolidación de estrategias de cambio que involucran a las comunidades desde la participación para impulsar el emprendimiento social, competitividad y transformación social.
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