This dissertation titled “Ser, pertenecer, querer: Narrativas de la unidad nacional y de la identidad en la literatura y el cine de fútbol en el Chile contemporáneo (1990-2019)” analyzes how ...football/soccer – through literature and cinema in Chile’s post-dictatorship era –, is used as a means and mediation of identities, both national and local. For this purpose, the present work examined the narratives of cinematic and literary texts in the three decades after the end of the dictatorship and the way they reproduce or challenge the national discourse of unity created by the transitional government. This manuscript studies local football/soccer identity narratives and the psychological factors that create a community of supporters. To do this, the use of the concepts of the modern and postmodern nation by Grínor Rojo was used to understand how identity narratives of the country have worked in the last 30 years. In addition, the notion of Chilean identity by Jorge Larraín helped trace the formation of local elements that produce and reproduce national characteristics. Moreover, psychoanalytical theories such as the concepts of trauma by Colette Soler were important to recognize the cracks of the hegemonic narratives of unity, especially when it considers the survivors of torture and the lack of justice for the victims. Lastly, the mirror stage and the big Other, concepts by Jacques Lacan, were used to comprehend the mechanisms of belonging to a specific community.
Overall, submucosal necrotic nodules of the colon have received very little attention in the literature. ...this study was performed to explore this topic. MATERIALS AND METHODS Following prospective ...identification of index cases and appropriate Institutional Research Board approval, we contacted colAccepted leagues to inquire whether any had encountered cases of submucosal necrotic nodules of the colon. The following clinicopathologic parameters were collected for each included case: country of origin, patient demographics, patient symptoms, clinical history, medication list, history of alcohol use, patient follow-up (including the presence of recurrence), polyp characteristics (size, location, number), chronic inflammation, presence of granulomas, presence of foreign material, identified microorganisms, presence of peripheral fibrosis, percent central necrosis, margin status, and the results of special stains performed. Amsakis represents a genus of nematodes that can infect humans who eat raw or undercooked fish that were inhabited by the parasite; the average number of Amsakis nematodes per fish has vastly increased during the past few decades.7 Its life cycle otherwise involves ova hatching in sea water, crustaceans eating the larvae, fish eating the crustaceans, and finally marine mammals eating the fish and developing intestinal involvement by the adult parasites.
The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of second-line therapies in patients with acromegaly caused by a growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) co-secreting pituitary neuroendocrine ...tumor (GH&PRL-Pit-NET) compared to their efficacy in patients with acromegaly caused by a GH-secreting pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (GH-Pit-NET). This is a multicenter retrospective study of patients with acromegaly on treatment with pasireotide and/or pegvisomant. Patients were classified in two groups: GH&PRL-Pit-NETs when evidence of hyperprolactinemia and immunohistochemistry (IHC) for GH and PRL was positive or if PRL were >200 ng/dL regardless of the PRL-IHC and GH-Pit-NETs when the previously mentioned criteria were not met. A total of 28 cases with GH&PRL-Pit-NETs and 122 with GH-Pit-NETs met the inclusion criteria. GH&PRL-Pit-NETs presented at a younger age, caused hypopituitarism, and were invasive more frequently than GH-Pit-NETs. There were 124 patients treated with pegvisomant and 49 with pasireotide at any time. The efficacy of pegvisomant for IGF-1 normalization was of 81.5% and of pasireotide of 71.4%. No differences in IGF-1 control with pasireotide and with pegvisomant were observed between GH&PRL-Pit-NETs and GH-Pit-NETs. All GH&PRL-Pit-NET cases treated with pasireotide (n = 6) and 82.6% (n = 19/23) of the cases treated with pegvisomant normalized PRL levels. No differences in the rate of IGF-1 control between pegvisomant and pasireotide were detected in patients with GH&PRL-Pit-NETs (84.9% vs 66.7%, P = 0.178). We conclude that despite the more aggressive behavior of GH&PRL-Pit-NETs than GH-Pit-NETs, no differences in the rate of IGF-1 control with pegvisomant and pasireotide were observed between both groups, and both drugs have shown to be effective treatments to control IGF-1 and PRL hypersecretion in these tumors.
Introducción. La pandemia de la COVID-19 ha multiplicado el uso de redes sociales en la enseñanza médica, tanto de pregrado como de posgrado, debido a las restricciones sanitarias impuestas. Nuestro ...objetivo fue implementar el uso de Twitter e Instagram en las prácticas de histología para superar dichas limitaciones. Material y métodos. Se describe la utilización de Twitter e Instagram para el estudio práctico de histología tanto dentro como fuera del aula. Tras la finalización de las prácticas, los alumnos cumplimentaron una encuesta de satisfacción vía Google Form, cuyos resultados se sometieron posteriormente a análisis estadístico. Resultados. La encuesta fue completada por 261 alumnos. Un 86,6% pensó que el uso de estas redes sociales mejoró la dinámica global de la práctica. Asimismo, los alumnos percibieron que, gracias a estas herramientas, su nivel de implicación (70,9%) y atención (59,5%) aumentó durante las practicas. Finalmente, un 63,1% consideró muy útiles para su estudio las publicaciones subidas por el profesorado a Instagram. Conclusión. Twitter e Instagram constituyen recursos muy útiles para la enseñanza práctica en histología, ya que los alumnos se muestran bastante satisfechos y motivados con el uso de estas redes sociales para su aprendizaje.
* Context.--Discrete submucosal necrotic nodules may rarely manifest as colon polyps. Objective.--To characterize the clinical and pathologic features of this lesion, which has been under-studied in ...the literature. Design.--We conducted an international search to compile a series. For each potential case, photomicrographs were centrally reviewed to confirm the diagnosis. We gathered clinical and pathologic information on each confirmed case. Results.--The final cohort included 25 patients, with 23 having 1 lesion and 2 having several (31 lesions total). Mean patient age was 62 years; 13 patients (52%) were male. Symptoms were nonspecific, although 4 patients (16%) had blood in stool; 14 patients were asymptomatic. Patient history and medications appeared noncontributory. Most cases were located in the right colon (n = 18; 58%). Mean lesion size was 0.4 cm (range, 0.1-1.7 cm). Histology typically showed a centrally necrotic nodule with peripheral fibrosis, chronic inflammation, and sometimes palisading granulomatous inflammation. Percent necrosis ranged from 5% to 95% (average, 70%), and percent fibrosis ranged from 3% to 70% (average, 25%). In 3 cases, degenerated parasitic structures consistent with Anisakis could be seen on hematoxylin-eosin and trichrome special stain. No patient experienced disease recurrence. Conclusions.--Submucosal necrotic nodules can present as colon polyps. Most cases are unifocal, and patients do well on follow-up. At least some examples appear to be caused by Anisakis, implicating patient diet. Patients are often asymptomatic, and many cases show no histologic evidence of the causative agent. doi: 10.5858/arpa.2022-0267-OA
To analyze surgical outcomes and predictive factors for long-term overall and disease-specific survival in patients undergoing surgical resection of adrenal metastasis.
A multicenter retrospective ...study included patients who underwent adrenalectomy for adrenal metastasis in two Spanish hospitals between 2005 and 2021. Clinical variables associated with surgical complications and survival during follow-up were analyzed.
Thirty-three patients were included. Adrenalectomy was performed laparoscopically in 27 patients and by an open approach in 6. The most common primary tumor site was the lung (n=15), followed by the kidney (n=7). Most patients had metachronous lesions (n=28). Six patients (18.2%) had intra- and/or postoperative complications; synchronous metastasis was a risk factor (odds ratio 12.5 1.45–107.6) for their development. Progression-free survival and disease-specific survival were 7.5months (range 1–64) and 22.5months (6–120), respectively. Survival rates at 1, 2, 3 and 5years were 94%, 65%, 48% and 29%, respectively. Survival was significantly lower in patients with lung cancer than with other cancers (hazard ratio 4.23 1.42–12.59).
Adrenalectomy for solitary adrenal metastases was associated with intra- or postoperative complications in 18% of cases. Synchronous metastasis was a risk factor for complications.
In this study, we investigated the effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on the ultrastructure of muscle fibers and satellite cells in rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis ...(EAE). EAE-induced animals were treated with TMS (60 Hz at 0.7 mT) for 2 hours in the morning, once a day, 5 days a week, for 3 weeks, starting on day 15 post-immunization. The rats were sacrificed on day 36 post-immunization, and the soleus muscles were evaluated by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Findings were compared with a non-treated EAE group. Electron microscopy analysis showed the presence of degenerated mitochondria, autophagic vacuoles, and altered myofibrils in non-treated EAE group. This correlates with the presence of acid phosphatase activity in muscle fibers and core-targetoid lesions with desmin immunohistochemistry. Most myonuclei in the EAE group showed apoptotic features. In contrast, EAE induced-TMS treated animals had less ultrastructural changes in the mitochondria and the myofibrils, together with less frequent apoptotic nuclear features. Peripheral desmin+ protrusions, as a marker of active satellite cells, were significantly increased in TMS-treated group. This correlates ultrastructurally with the presence of active features in satellite cells in the TMS group. In conclusion, the attenuation of ultrastructural alterations in muscle fibers and activation response of satellite cells caused by EAE indicated that skeletal muscle had a regenerative response to TMS.
