The present study evaluates the quality of life of 1,139 surviving victims of the Colombian armed conflict benefited from some actions of reparation, through a brief sociodemographic and ...victimological survey and the WHO quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire, which takes into account perceived physical and mental health, social relations, and environmental factors. The results show that the quality of life of the victims of the armed conflict, once peace agreements had been reached, remained low or medium-low. The number of victimizing events suffered and the time elapsed have little effect on the quality of life, with type of trauma being more relevant. Land-related experiences, such as expropriation, had fundamentally an influence on environmental factors. Kidnappings, sexual assaults, and events where minors were involved affected mental health. Victims of sexual assault were those whose quality of life was most affected and torture victims were those with a lower index of global quality of life. Simple passing of time did not mean quality of life increase with specific interventions being needed to repair damage. To repair the damage caused, special attention should be paid to the sociodemographic characteristics of each victim, the type of aggression suffered, and their needs in the areas of physical and mental health, and economic resources.
Background
Acute respiratory infections are a major cause of morbidity in children and are often caused by viruses. However, the relative severity of illness associated with different viruses is ...unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the risk of hospitalization from different viruses in children presenting with an influenza‐like illness (ILI).
Methods
Data from children 5 years old or younger participating in an ILI natural history study from April 2010 to March 2014 was analyzed. The adjusted odds ratio for hospitalization was estimated in children with infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), metapneumovirus, bocavirus, parainfluenza viruses, rhinovirus/enterovirus, coronavirus, adenovirus, and influenza.
Results
A total of 1486 children (408 outpatients and 1078 inpatients) were included in this analysis. At least one virus was detected in 1227 (82.6%) patients. The most frequent viruses detected as single pathogens were RSV (n = 286), rhinovirus/enterovirus (n = 251), parainfluenza viruses (n = 104), and influenza A or B (n = 99). After controlling for potential confounders (age, sex, recruitment site, days from symptom onset to enrollment, and underlying illnesses), children with RSV and metapneumovirus infections showed a greater likelihood of hospitalization than those infected by parainfluenza viruses (OR 2.7 and 1.9, respectively), rhinovirus/enterovirus (OR 3.1 and 2.1, respectively), coronaviruses (OR 4.9 and 3.4, respectively), adenovirus (OR 4.6 and 3.2, respectively), and influenza (OR 6.3 and 4.4, respectively).
Conclusions
Children presenting with ILI caused by RSV and metapneumovirus were at greatest risk for hospitalization, while children with rhinovirus/enterovirus, parainfluenza, coronavirus, adenovirus, and influenza were at lower risk of hospitalization.
OBJECTIVETo describe the clinical and respiratory characteristics of a cohort of 43 patients with COVID-19 after an evolutive period of 28 days. DESIGNA prospective, single-center observational study ...was carried out. SETTINGIntensive care. PATIENTSPatients admitted due to COVID-19 and respiratory failure. INTERVENTIONSNone. VARIABLESAutomatic recording was made of demographic variables, severity parameters, laboratory data, assisted ventilation (HFO: high-flow oxygen therapy and IMV: invasive mechanical ventilation), oxygenation (PaO2, PaO2/FiO2) and complications. The patients were divided into three groups: survivors (G1), deceased (G2) and patients remaining under admission (G3). The chi-squared test or Fisher exact test (categorical variables) was used, along with the Mann-Whitney U-test or Wilcoxon test for analyzing the differences between medians. Statistical significance was considered for p<0.05. RESULTSA total of 43 patients were included (G1=28 65.1%; G2=10 23.3% and G3=5 11.6%), with a mean age of 65 years (range: 52-72), 62% males, APACHE II 18 (15-24), SOFA 6 (4-7). Arterial hypertension (30.2%) and obesity (25.6%) were the most frequent comorbidities. High-flow oxygen therapy was used in 62.7% of the patients, with failure in 85%. In turn, 95% of the patients required IMV and 85% received ventilation in prone decubitus. In the general population, initial PaO2/FiO2 improved after 7 days (165 125-210 vs.194 153-285; p=0.02), in the same way as in G1 (164 125-197 vs. 207 160-294; p=0.07), but not in G2 (163 95-197 vs. 135 85-177). No bacterial coinfection was observed. The incidence of IMV-associated pneumonia was high (13 episodes/1000 days of IMV). CONCLUSIONSPatients with COVID-19 require early IMV, a high frequency of ventilation in prone decubitus, and have a high incidence of failed HFO. The lack of improvement of PaO2/FiO2 at 7 days could be a prognostic marker. .
Introducción: La pandemia de COVID-19, ha generado una severa crisis económica, social y sanitaria mundial. En algunas comunidades, aspectos como el hábitat y patrones de comportamiento influyen en ...las perspectivas, experiencias y vivencias de sus habitantes frente al manejo de la enfermedad. Objetivo: Caracterizar la pandemia por COVID-19 desde la cosmovisión andina de la comunidad Shuar de la parroquia los Encuentros. Métodos: Estudio cualitativo con diseño fenomenológico, en el que participaron 10 informantes. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó una entrevista semiestructurada, conformada por 15 preguntas, que permiten englobar tres categorías: Percepción de la enfermedad del COVID-19, las vivencias de la comunidad frente a la pandemia y las prácticas de la medicina tradicional aplicadas Resultados: la mayoría de las participantes expresan que la enfermedad proviene del aire, es transmisible y puede provocar la muerte. Así mismo, consideraron positivas y adecuadas las medidas de bioseguridad y la vacunación contempladas por el Ministerio de Salud. En cuanto a las vivencias, para prevenir el contagio, usaron restricción de acceso a sus territorios. Identificaron las personas enfermas, por manifestaciones características de la enfermedad, atendidos en casa y en caso de fallecer se procedió a enterrarlos inmediatamente, sin realizar los rituales de despedida a sus familiares, generando molestia entre los miembros de la comunidad. Para las prácticas ancestrales en el tratamiento se usaron plantas medicinales como eucalipto, jengibre, limón y la naranja, Conclusiones: Los conocimientos y practicas ancestrales de la comunidad Shuar permitió enfrentar la pandemia por COVID-19 desde sus creencias y cultura, pero incorporando disposiciones de la autoridad sanitaria nacional, lo que permitió un mejor control de la enfermedad en la comunidad.
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has generated a severe global economic, social and health crisis. In some communities, aspects such as habitat and behavior patterns influence the perspectives, experiences and experiences of their inhabitants regarding the management of the disease. Objective: Characterize the COVID-19 pandemic from the Andean worldview of the Shuar community of the Los Encuentros parish. Methods: Qualitative study with phenomenological design, in which 10 informants participated. A semi-structured interview was used to collect data, consisting of 15 questions, which allow three categories to be encompassed: Perception of the COVID-19 disease, the community's experiences in the face of the pandemic and the practices of traditional medicine applied. Results: Most of the participants express that the disease comes from the air, is transmissible and can cause death. Likewise, they considered the biosafety and vaccination measures contemplated by the Ministry of Health to be positive and adequate. As for the experiences, to prevent contagion, they used access restriction to their territories. They identified the sick people, due to characteristic manifestations of the disease, cared for at home and in case of death they proceeded to bury them immediately, without performing farewell rituals for their relatives, generating annoyance among members of the community. For ancestral practices in the treatment, medicinal plants such as eucalyptus, ginger, lemon and orange were used. Conclusions: The ancestral knowledge and practices of the Shuar community allowed them to face the COVID-19 pandemic from their beliefs and culture, but incorporating provisions of the national health authority, which allowed better control of the disease in the community
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