Heredity of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) can present as a dominant monogenic disorder of polygenic origin or with no known genetic cause. In addition, the variability of the symptoms among ...individuals or within the same families evidence the potential contribution of additional factors than monogenic mutations that could modulate the development and severity of the disease. In addition, statins, the lipid-lowering drugs which constitute the first-line therapy for the disease, cause associated muscular symptoms in a certain number of individuals. Here, we analyze the evidence of the mitochondrial genetic variation with a special emphasis on the role of CoQ
to explain this variability found in both disease symptoms and statins side effects. We propose to use mtDNA variants and copy numbers as markers for the cardiovascular disease development of FH patients and to predict potential statin secondary effects and explore new mechanisms to identify new markers of disease or implement personalized medicine strategies for FH therapy.
Background: The aim of this work was to assess whether the muscle thickness and echogenicity were associated with dysphagia, malnutrition, sarcopenia, and functional capacity in acute hospital ...admission for a hip fracture. Methods: Observational study that assessed nutritional status by Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition, risk of dysphagia and sarcopenia by European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People and Barthel functional index. We measured muscle thickness and echogenicity of masseter, bicipital, and quadriceps rectus femoris (RF) and vastus intermedius (VI) by ultrasound. Results: One hundred and one patients were included in the study (29.7% sarcopenia and 43.8% malnutrition). Logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index showed an inverse association of the masseter thickness with both sarcopenia (OR: 0.56) and malnutrition (OR: 0.38) and quadriceps with sarcopenia (OR: 0.74). In addition, patients at high risk of dysphagia had lower masseter thickness (p: 0.0001) while patients able to self-feeding had thicker biceps (p: 0.002) and individuals with mobility on level surfaces higher thickness of biceps (p: 0.008) and quadriceps (p: 0.04). Conclusion: Thickness of the masseter was associated with risk of dysphagia, biceps with the ability to self-feed, and that of the quadriceps RF-VI with mobility.
A good level of nutrition literacy (NL) is proposed as a determinant factor for following a healthy diet. Improving seniors' NL might be particularly pertinent to enhance the quality of their diets. ...This study aimed to systematically design and validate a short seniors-oriented questionnaire as a screening tool to evaluate NL. We developed the Myths-NL questionnaire, composed of 10 widespread nutrition myths, and checked for its content and face validity. An observational cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the validity and the test-retest reliability, involving a community-dwelling group of 316 individuals aged 65 years and over. Construct validity was proved by establishing both discriminant and convergent validity. Cronbach α = 0.61 and Spearman r = 0.79 (
= 0.02) demonstrated internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Participants who had secondary/university studies scored significantly higher compared with those with primary (
< 0.001), and a significant linear relationship (R2 = 0.044,
= 0.001) with a positive slope (β = 0.209) between Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) and Myths-NL scores was observed, proving construct validity. In conclusion, the Myths-NL questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool to screen NL in Spanish seniors and it might be useful as an assessment NL tool for designing and implementing lifestyle interventions to promote healthy eating.
Could squalene be an added value to use olive by‐products? Martínez‐Beamonte, Roberto; Sanclemente, Teresa; Surra, Joaquín C ...
Journal of the science of food and agriculture,
February 2020, 2020-Feb, 2020-02-00, 20200201, Letnik:
100, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Current Insights into the Biological Action of Squalene Lou‐Bonafonte, José M.; Martínez‐Beamonte, Roberto; Sanclemente, Teresa ...
Molecular nutrition & food research,
August 2018, 2018-Aug, 2018-08-00, 20180801, Letnik:
62, Številka:
15
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Squalene is a triterpenic compound found in a large number of plants and other sources with a long tradition of research since it was first reported in 1926. Herein a systematic review of studies ...concerning squalene published in the last 8 years is presented. These studies have provided further support for its antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and anti‐atherosclerotic properties in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, an antineoplastic effect in nutrigenetic‐type treatments, which depends on the failing metabolic pathway of tumors, has also been reported. The bioavailability of squalene in cell cultures, animal models, and in humans has been well established, and further progress has been made in regard to the intracellular transport of this lipophilic molecule. Squalene accumulates in the liver and decreases hepatic cholesterol and triglycerides, with these actions being exerted via a complex network of changes in gene expression at both transcriptional and post‐transcriptional levels. Its presence in different biological fluids has also been studied. The combination of squalene with other bioactive compounds has been shown to enhance its pleiotropic properties and might lead to the formulation of functional foods and nutraceuticals to control oxidative stress and, therefore, numerous age‐related diseases in human and veterinary medicine.
This systematic review describes studies involving squalene published over the past 8 years. During this period, its role in the immune system and its anti‐atherosclerotic properties have been studied in greater depth. Moreover, the antineoplastic effects of squalene have been studied in a nutrigenetic‐type approach that takes advantage of the failing metabolic pathway of tumors. This substance accumulates in the liver, where it triggers complex changes in gene expression. Other organs also appear to be targeted by squalene.
Straipsnyje analizuojama situacija, susijusi su disfagijos valdymu Europoje: jos paplitimas, sukeliamos problemos bei valdymo priemonės, aptariama specialistų, susiduriančių su disfagija įvairiose ...srityse, teorinės žinios bei praktiniai įgūdžiai. Tyrimo tikslas – įvertinti specialistų, susijusių su disfagijos valdymu (dietologų, dietistų, slaugytojų, logoterapeutų, maisto ruošimo technologų ir kt.) žinias apie disfagiją ir ištirti specialistų švietimo poreikį minėtose šalyse. Tyrimo metu nustatyta, kad nemaža dalis respondentų savo žinias apie disfagiją vertina nepakankamai gerai, mažiau nei pusė specialistų naudoja standartizuotą informaciją bei metodus modifikuotos tekstūros maisto lygiams įvardinti bei nustatyti, neturi žinių kaip reikia maitinti pacientus, sergančius disfagija. Tyrimas parodė, kad būtina gilinti specialistų žinias apie disfagiją, o geriausias būdas tai padaryti – įtraukti šią tematiką į sveikatos mokslų (medicinos, mitybos ir slaugos krypčių) studijų programas. Taip pat būtina parengti metodinę priemonę, kuria galėtų naudotis minėtų sričių specialistai visose Europos šalyse.
To evaluate nurses’ triage quality and adequacy in Saragossa's Hospital Clínico and to compare the main characteristics of “urgent” and “non-urgent” visits to the Hospital Emergency Department (HED).
...This exploratory-retrospective research study was carried out over the last 3 months of 2015 (paediatrics, gynaecological and ophthalmologic emergencies were excluded). Data were obtained from the “Puesto Clínico Hospitalario” programme used in the HED. The quality of the triage performed by nurses was assessed using the 4 indexes proposed by Gómez Jimenez and the adequacy of patient classification was established by relating the level of triage assigned with the place of care, length of stay in the HED and type of discharge. Differences between “non-urgent” (seen in outpatient consultations of the HED) and “urgent” visits were analysed.
22,047 individuals were included. Quality indices relating to waiting times were not fully met. Higher severity of triage was associated with being attended in the area of Vital and Medical Care, a longer stay in the HED and a higher proportion of hospital admissions (p<.001), so that triage performed by nursing is considered adequate. “Non-urgent” visits obtained less severity of triage, a shorter stay in HED and a greater proportion of hospital discharges (p<.001).
Nursing triage needs to improve quality aspects related to waiting times but is appropriate enough as it discriminates between place of care and type of discharge for each level of triage within the desirable limits.
Evaluar la calidad y la adecuación del triaje realizado por enfermeras en el Servicio de Urgencias Hospitalarias (SUH) del Hospital Clínico Universitario de Zaragoza y comparar las características de las visitas «urgentes» y «no urgentes» detectadas.
Estudio descriptivo-retrospectivo de las visitas del último trimestre de 2015 (pediátricas, ginecológicas y tocológicas, y oftalmológicas excluidas) a partir de los datos del programa Puesto Clínico Hospitalario del SUH. La calidad del triaje realizado por enfermeras se evaluó con los 4 índices propuestos por Gómez Jiménez y la adecuación de la clasificación de los pacientes se estableció relacionando el nivel de triaje asignado con lugar de atención, tiempo de estancia en el SUH y tipo de alta. Se analizaron las diferencias entre las visitas «no urgentes» (atendidas en consultas ambulatorias del SUH) y las visitas «urgentes».
Se incluyeron 22.047 individuos. Los índices de calidad relacionados con los tiempos de espera no se cumplen en su totalidad. Mayor gravedad de triaje se asocia con ser atendido en el área de Vital y Atención Médica, mayor tiempo de estancia en el SUH y mayor proporción de ingresos hospitalarios (p<0,001) por lo que el triaje realizado por enfermeras se considera adecuado. Las visitas «no urgentes» obtienen menor gravedad de triaje, menor estancia en el SUH y mayor proporción de altas hospitalarias (p<0,001).
El triaje realizado por enfermeras necesita mejorar aspectos de calidad relacionados con los tiempos de espera pero es suficientemente correcto ya que discrimina lugar de atención y tipo de alta para cada nivel de triaje dentro de lo deseable.
Resumen Introducción: La enfermera es la responsable de administrar de manera correcta y segura la medicación durante la práctica asistencial y las interrupciones que se originan durante el proceso ...de administración de medicación pueden comprometer la concentración y continuidad asistencial, representando un riesgo para la seguridad del paciente. El estudio pretende analizar la literatura existente sobre las intervenciones utilizadas para reducir las interrupciones durante el proceso de administración de medicación. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión integradora de la literatura en cinco etapas: a) identificación del objeto de la revisión, b) determinación de los criterios de búsqueda de la literatura, c) evaluación de los documentos incluidos en el estudio, d) interpretación de la información obtenida y e) síntesis de los resultados. Se realizó una estrategia de búsqueda de palabras claves aplicada a las bases de datos Medline/PubMed, SciELO y Biblioteca Cochrane y el buscador Google Scholar, Resultados: De las 208 fuentes identificadas se seleccionaron 14 estudios tras la lectura completa de 50 artículos publicados entre 2008 y 2017. Discusión: A pesar de la existencia de extensa bibliografía sobre el estudio de las interrupciones en diferentes ámbitos hospitalarios, existe una limitada evidencia en relación al análisis de intervenciones que reduzcan las interrupciones en la práctica asistencial. Por tanto, se hace necesario elaborar estudios que aporten una evidencia más sólida sobre las intervenciones más efectivas para reducir las interrupciones durante la administración de medicación y su contribución a la disminución de los errores de medicación. Abstract Introduction: The nurse is responsible for correctly and safely administering the medication during the care practice and the interruptions that arise during the medication administration process can compromise the concentration and continuity of care, representing a risk to the patient's safety. The study aims to analyze the existing literature on interventions used to reduce interruptions during the medication administration process. Methodology: An integrative review of the literature was carried out in five stages: a) identification of the object of the review, b) determination of the search criteria of the literature, c) evaluation of the documents included in the study, d) interpretation of the information obtained and e) synthesis of the results. A keyword search strategy was applied to the Medline / PubMed, Scielo and Cochrane Library databases and the Google Scholar search engine. Results: Of the 208 sources identified, 14 studies were selected after the complete reading of 50 articles published between 2008 and 2017. Discussion: in spite of the existence of an extensive bibliography on the study of interruptions in different hospital settings, there is limited evidence regarding the analysis of interventions that reduce interruptions in healthcare practice. Therefore, it is necessary to develop studies that provide stronger evidence on the most effective interventions to reduce interruptions during medication administration and their contribution to the reduction of medication errors.
To evaluate nurses' triage quality and adequacy in Saragossa's Hospital Clínico and to compare the main characteristics of "urgent" and "non-urgent" visits to the Hospital Emergency Department (HED).
...This exploratory-retrospective research study was carried out over the last 3 months of 2015 (paediatrics, gynaecological and ophthalmologic emergencies were excluded). Data were obtained from the "Puesto Clínico Hospitalario" programme used in the HED. The quality of the triage performed by nurses was assessed using the 4 indexes proposed by Gómez Jimenez and the adequacy of patient classification was established by relating the level of triage assigned with the place of care, length of stay in the HED and type of discharge. Differences between "non-urgent" (seen in outpatient consultations of the HED) and "urgent" visits were analysed, RESULTS: 22,047 individuals were included. Quality indices relating to waiting times were not fully met. Higher severity of triage was associated with being attended in the area of Vital and Medical Care, a longer stay in the HED and a higher proportion of hospital admissions (p<.001), so that triage performed by nursing is considered adequate. "Non-urgent" visits obtained less severity of triage, a shorter stay in HED and a greater proportion of hospital discharges (p<.001).
Nursing triage needs to improve quality aspects related to waiting times but is appropriate enough as it discriminates between place of care and type of discharge for each level of triage within the desirable limits.
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