In this article, we describe the development and investigation of the social validity of Parents Plus, a parent-implemented intervention for preschool children with developmental language disorder. ...Parents Plus is a fully online intervention that is delivered through three components: (a) training delivered through an app that educates parents on how to use focused stimulation (FS), a language facilitation strategy; (b) parent implementation of FS during naturally occurring routines; and (c) remote practice-based coaching provided by a coach via Zoom. Parents Plus was developed in three steps: (a) initial content development with input from parents and professional advisory board members, (b) brief field test with five parent-child dyads, and (c) full-length field test with seven parent-child dyads. Throughout the development process, we collected social validity data on the intervention's goals, procedures, content and outcomes. Each step was followed by revisions to Parents Plus. Findings suggest that Parents Plus has strong social validity. Recommendations for early intervention practice are provided based on lessons learned, such as different methods to scaffold learning experiences for parents.
RESUMO O objetivo da realização deste trabalho foi analisar a variabilidade espacial da composição do leite cru refrigerado e elaborar mapas com interpolação de dados sobre os teores de gordura, ...proteína, lactose, sólidos totais e extrato seco desengordurado, no estado de Alagoas e na mesorregião do Agreste Pernambucano, em 2014 e 2015. Foram analisados 3.863 laudos oficiais de amostras de leite cru refrigerado, coletados de 432 tanques de expansão direta da região estudada. O grau de dependência espacial e a regressão geograficamente ponderada das variáveis foram analisados pelo software ArcGIS 10.3. A análise espacial mostrou predominância de áreas com teor de gordura de 3,1 a 3,6g/100g e áreas com teor de gordura de 3,6 a 4,2g/100g. Para o teor de lactose, foi observada área predominante com 4,32 a 4,45g/100g e algumas áreas com 4,46 a 4,54g/100g. Foi observada baixa influência da altitude, precipitação pluviométrica e interação precipitação x altitude sobre o teor de gordura, proteína, lactose, sólidos totais e extrato seco desengordurado na área estudada. Por fim, conclui-se que há variabilidade espacial para gordura, lactose, proteína, sólidos totais e extrato seco desengordurado do leite cru refrigerado produzido no estado de Alagoas e na mesorregião do Agreste Pernambucano.
RESUMO Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a diversidade genética do gene HSP-70.1 e associar os polimorfismos encontrados com a performance de vacas leiteiras das raças Holandesa, Girolando ...(5/8H-G) e Sindi criadas em região do semiárido brasileiro. Os polimorfismos foram identificados e avaliados pela técnica de PCR-RFLP, usando-se a enzima de restrição EcoRII. Avaliou-se a variabilidade genética por meio do índice de diversidade padrão e da análise de variância molecular (AMOVA). Os polimorfismos identificados foram avaliados sobre as características de produção de leite. Foram identificados sete alelos, os quais demonstraram que houve polimorfismo para a região gênica analisada, e alguns alelos foram compartilhados entre os rebanhos. As raças bovinas Holandesa e Sindi foram similares geneticamente para o gene analisado. A AMOVA demonstrou que há variação genética entre os rebanhos e dentro deles, com a maior parte da variação ocorrendo dentro dos rebanhos para todos os grupos avaliados. Houve efeito dos alelos identificados sobre a produção de leite dos rebanhos das raças Holandesa (P<0,0001) e Girolando (P<0,0117). O gene HSP-70.1 foi polimórfico na população de bovinos leiteiros estudada, sendo, portanto, um marcador molecular promissor para avaliar a produção de leite de raças criadas em região semiárida.
ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic diversity of the HSP-70.1 gene and to associate the polymorphisms found with the performance of Holstein, Girolando (5/8H-G) and Sindi dairy cows raised in region of the Brazilian semiarid. Polymorphisms were identified and evaluated using the PCR-RFLP technique using the EcoRII restriction enzyme. Genetic variability was evaluated using the standard diversity index and molecular variance analysis (AMOVA). The identified polymorphisms were evaluated on the characteristics of milk production. They were identified from the seven alleles, demonstrating that there was polymorphism for the analyzed gene region and some alleles were shared among the herds. The Holstein and Sindi bovine breeds were genetically like the analyzed gene. AMOVA demonstrated that there is genetic variation between and within the herds, with most of the variation occurring within the herds for all groups evaluated. There was effect of the alleles identified on the production of milk herds of Holstein and (P<0.0001) Girolando (P<0.0117) breeds. The HSP-70.1 gene was polymorphic in the population of dairy cattle studied, and therefore a promising molecular marker to evaluate milk production of breeds created in semiarid regions.
In this article, we describe the development and investigation of the social validity of Parents Plus, a parent-implemented intervention for preschool children with developmental language disorder. ...Parents Plus is a fully online intervention that is delivered through three components: (a) training delivered through an app that educates parents on how to use focused stimulation (FS), a language facilitation strategy; (b) parent implementation of FS during naturally occurring routines; and (c) remote practice-based coaching provided by a coach via Zoom. Parents Plus was developed in three steps: (a) initial content development with input from parents and professional advisory board members, (b) brief field test with five parent-child dyads, and (c) full-length field test with seven parent-child dyads. Throughout the development process, we collected social validity data on the intervention's goals, procedures, content and outcomes. Each step was followed by revisions to Parents Plus. Findings suggest that Parents Plus has strong social validity. Recommendations for early intervention practice are provided based on lessons learned, such as different methods to scaffold learning experiences for parents. For the corresponding grantee submission, see ED621738.
Tactile thresholds for detecting a 50-ms signal presented 25 ms after the termination of a masking stimulus increased as a function of the amplitude level and duration of the masking stimulus. The ...effects were similar in both the P and NP I channels measured at 250 and 20 Hz, respectively. It was concluded that the increased masking caused by increasing the duration of the masking stimulus resulted from processes other than or in addition to temporal integration--the latter being a characteristic of the P, but not the NP I, channel. The slopes of the masking functions, in which threshold shifts were plotted as a function of masking-stimulus sensation level, were consistently greater for 20-Hz than for the 250-Hz stimuli, suggesting that masking efficiency is greater in the NP I than in the P channel.
Background: Greyhounds have lower platelet concentrations (PC) than dogs of other breeds have. No underlying cause has been investigated.
Hypothesis: We hypothesized that Greyhounds have lower mean ...PC because of breed variation, not immune‐mediated causes. Our secondary hypothesis was that PC is dependent on the method of analysis.
Animals: Sixty privately owned Greyhounds in Kansas.
Methods: Blood samples were collected into evacuated glass tubes containing ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA). Blood smears were evaluated for platelet clumps. All 60 samples had PC determined by manual, impedance, and buffy coat analyzer methods. Results of the 60 samples were compared with results of samples with (n = 25) and without (n = 35) clumps, and with control dogs. Platelets were assayed for the presence of surface‐associated antigen (PSAIgG) by direct immunofluorescence.
Results: The mean PC was below that of the control dogs for the impedance method (P < .001). No significant difference in PC was detected between analysis methods or between samples with or without platelet clumps. Three of 60 (5%) of the Greyhounds had PC between 50,000 and 100,000/μL with impedance analysis; no samples had < 100,000/μL via buffy coat analysis. PSAIgG was not identified in any samples.
Conclusions and Clinical Importance: The mean Greyhound PC for the impedance method was below the reference interval for control dogs but was not significantly different from PC determined by other methods. An immune‐mediated cause for the lower PC was unlikely because no samples had PSAIgG. The decreased PC is most consistent with breed variation. As only 0–5% of samples, depending on analysis method, had PC < 100,000/μL, a Greyhound with a PC < 100,000/μL is not necessarily consistent with breed variation, thus diagnostic testing is indicated.
Estudou-se a influência sazonal sobre a composição química, a contagem de células somáticas (CCS) e a contagem bacteriana total (CBT) de leite cru refrigerado em vários estados da região Nordeste. Os ...dados foram obtidos de 116.989 amostras de leite de tanques coletadas pelas indústrias com cadastro no serviço de inspeção federal. As amostras foram separadas em três períodos (I, II, III), de acordo com aplicação da Instrução Normativa-51 (IN-51). O teor de gordura, média de 3,7%, foi o componente do leite que apresentou maior variação. Proteína e lactose tiveram amplitude de 0,04% entre os períodos e apresentaram médias de 3,2 e 4,4%, respectivamente. Maiores valores de CCS foram observados entre os meses de maio e julho, 594,33 a 625,28 mil cel/mL, enquanto para CBT os maiores valores ocorreram nos meses de maio e junho, 1308,54 e 1333,83 UFC/mL. Observaram-se diferenças significativas nos componentes do leite entre os estados, principalmente no que se refere à qualidade higiênico-sanitária.
Analisaram-se dados de peso-idade de 412 caprinos da raça Moxotó, filhos de 151 mães e 50 pais, nascidos entre 1984 e 1988, nos meses de março a julho, no estado de Pernambuco, totalizando 1749 ...observações. Considerou-se um modelo misto com os seguintes fatores: sexo (S), ano de nascimento (A), mês de nascimento (M), tipo de parto (T), tipo de pelagem (P), ordem de parto (O), efeito linear da umidade relativa (U), efeito linear da temperatura (C), efeito linear da pluviosidade (H), efeito aleatório do reprodutor (R), efeito aleatório da mãe (F), efeito linear (D) e quadrático (D2) do fator tempo em dias. O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar a influência do tipo de matriz de covariância entre pesos sobre a predição de efeitos aleatórios e sua influência na classificação de reprodutores. Ajustaram-se as matrizes simetria composta (CS), simetria composta heterogênea (CSH), autorregressiva de ordem um (AR(1)), autorregressiva heterogênea de ordem um (ARH(1)), autorregressiva de médias móveis de ordem um (ARMA(1,1)), Toeplitz heterogênea (TOEPH), não estruturada com correlações (UNR), componente de variância (VC) e spatial power (SP(POW)). A alteração do tipo da matriz de covariância alterou a predição dos efeitos aleatórios e fixos estudados no modelo. A matriz mais adequada foi a ARH(1), os efeitos influentes para o melhor modelo foram reprodutor (p<0,05), fêmea (p<0,01), sexo (p<0,01) e tipo de parto (p<0,01) e efeito linear e quadrático do tempo (p<0,01).
Do deeper levels of processing produce equivalent priming effects at all stages of task performance? In Experiment 1, we varied the level of processing factorially across two task stages--target ...selection and response selection. Each stage required perceptual (e.g., color) or conceptual (e.g., friendliness) processing of stimulus items (i.e., animal names). Negative priming was substantially greater when deeper processing was required at the target selection stage, but it was unaffected by the level of processing at the response selection stage. In contrast, positive priming was greater when deeper processing was required at the response selection stage, but it was unaffected by processing at the target selection stage. In Experiment 2, we generalized this finding using a task in which numeric targets were selected on the basis of their parity. As in Experiment 1, the deeper level of processing at the target selection stage produced a larger negative priming effect. These results illuminate the role of target selection demands in modulating the strength of negative priming.
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