We describe an analysis comparing the p¯p elastic cross section as measured by the D0 Collaboration at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV to that in pp collisions as measured by the TOTEM ...Collaboration at 2.76, 7, 8, and 13 TeV using a model-independent approach. The TOTEM cross sections, extrapolated to a center-of-mass energy of √s=1.96 TeV, are compared with the D0 measurement in the region of the diffractive minimum and the second maximum of the pp cross section. The two data sets disagree at the 3.4σ level and thus provide evidence for the t-channel exchange of a colorless, C-odd gluonic compound, also known as the odderon. We combine these results with a TOTEM analysis of the same C-odd exchange based on the total cross section and the ratio of the real to imaginary parts of the forward elastic strong interaction scattering amplitude in pp scattering for which the significance is between 3.4σ and 4.6σ. The combined significance is larger than 5σ and is interpreted as the first observation of the exchange of a colorless, C-odd gluonic compound.
The 3-dimensional spatial and 2-dimensional frontal QRS-T angles are measures derived from the vectorcardiogram. They are independent risk predictors for arrhythmia, but the underlying biology is ...unknown. Using multi-ancestry genome-wide association studies we identify 61 (58 previously unreported) loci for the spatial QRS-T angle (N = 118,780) and 11 for the frontal QRS-T angle (N = 159,715). Seven out of the 61 spatial QRS-T angle loci have not been reported for other electrocardiographic measures. Enrichments are observed in pathways related to cardiac and vascular development, muscle contraction, and hypertrophy. Pairwise genome-wide association studies with classical ECG traits identify shared genetic influences with PR interval and QRS duration. Phenome-wide scanning indicate associations with atrial fibrillation, atrioventricular block and arterial embolism and genetically determined QRS-T angle measures are associated with fascicular and bundle branch block (and also atrioventricular block for the frontal QRS-T angle). We identify potential biology involved in the QRS-T angle and their genetic relationships with cardiovascular traits and diseases, may inform future research and risk prediction.
In nature, microorganisms can form highly structured complexes designed as biofilms, that cause severe and chronic infectious in humans. The formation of biofilms provides microbes many advantages, ...resulting in a higher tolerance to the conventional treatments. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is an efficient therapeutic alternative to eradicate microbial cells, which combines a photosensitizer (PS), like porphyrins (Pors) or chlorins (Chls), oxygen and light to induce the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can lead to cell damage and even death. For this purpose, cationic Pors and Chls (1a and 2a, respectively) bearing 4-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)pyridinium groups were synthesized and characterized, and their aPDT efficiency investigated against planktonic and biofilm forms of Escherichia coli, a Gram-negative bacterium. The obtained results demonstrate that Por 1a and Chl 2a exhibit high aPDT efficacy towards planktonic and biofilm forms of E. coli. For the planktonic cells, both PSs at 2.0 μM caused a bacterial photoinactivation till the detection limit of the method, after 30 min of red light irradiation at an irradiance of 14 mW cm−2 (25.2 J cm−2). However, under white light (25 mW cm−2), the aPDT efficiency of Por 1a was improved and completely inactivated E. coli after 10 min (15 J cm−2) of treatment. On the other hand, the photodynamic efficiency of Chl 2a at 2.0 μM has similar behaviour under the different light conditions. For the biofilm's assays, a complete photoinactivation was obtained by increasing the concentration of 1a and 2a to 10 and 5.0 μM, respectively, after 60 min under white light at an irradiance of 100 mW cm−2. The compound 1a exhibited a higher antimicrobial efficiency against the planktonic cells of E. coli, while 2a derivative was more efficient towards biofilms. This photodynamic efficiency can be related with the higher levels of 1O2 produced by 1a, as well as with the higher absorption in the red region exhibited by 2a, that might allow a better penetration in the biofilm structure. The potential of theses PSs is magnified with the low PS concentration and low light doses required, when compared with other cationic PSs, to achieve the total inactivation for both planktonic and biofilm forms of E. coli, which is a clear advantage for a clinical application.
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•PDI with cationic porphyrin and chlorin dyes were effective to photoinactivate E. coli planktonic form and biofilm culture.•Cationic porphyrin and chlorin derivatives are able to generate singlet oxygen under white and red light irradiation.•Cationic porphyrin 1a and chlorin 2a (2 μM) show fast E. coli inactivation (10 min) till the detection limit of the method.•Cationic PSs 1a (10 μM) and 2a (5 μM) promote a complete E. coli biofilm photoinactivation under white light (100 mW cm−2).
Soluble N-ethylmalameide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins are present in mammalian sperm and could be involved in critical membrane fusion events during fertilization, ...namely the acrosome reaction. Vesicle-associated membrane protein/synaptobrevin, a SNARE on the membrane of a vesicular carrier, and syntaxin 1, a SNARE on the target membrane, as well as the calcium sensor synaptotagmin I, are present in the acrosome of mammalian sperm (human, rhesus monkey, bull, hamster, mouse). Sperm SNAREs are sloughed off during the acrosome reaction, paralleling the release of sperm membrane vesicles and acrosomal contents, and SNARE antibodies inhibit both the acrosome reaction and fertilization, without inhibiting sperm–egg binding. In addition, sperm SNAREs may be responsible, together with other sperm components, for the asynchronous male DNA decondensation that occurs following intracytoplasmic sperm injection, an assisted reproduction technique that bypasses normal sperm–egg surface interactions. The results suggest the participation of sperm SNAREs during membrane fusion events at fertilization in mammals.
•Subsurface drip in sugarcane with application of domestic wastewater is part of a pilot study in largest producing area of the world under a very atypical dry season.•Two depths of dripper line ...installation and two water sources, besides the rainfed cultivation.•Physiological attributes, water quality, vegetative growth, productivity and technological quality were measured.•Water management performed by the TDR technique and the irrigated plots were fertigated based on water quality and depths applied.•Treated domestic wastewater applied through subsurface drip increased the sugarcane productivity by almost 100% in relation to the non-irrigated plots.
The water scarcity is one of the main factors contributing to the reduction of productivity in agricultural crops, and the use of alternative water source in the irrigation is an option to minimize water stress. The objective of this study was to evaluate the water relations, vegetative growth, productivity and technological quality of sugarcane irrigated with treated domestic sewage by subsurface drip during its second ratoon. The research was performed at the School of Agricultural Engineering of the State University of Campinas—SP, through a randomized block design with five treatments, with two depths of dripper lines installation and two water sources, which are: irrigation with wastewater from domestic sewage applied to 0.20m depth, and to 0.40m, irrigation with fresh water from a surface reservoir to 0.20m depth and to 0.40m and finally non-irrigated plots. Irrigation management was performed following the soil water balance through the time-domain reflectometry technique and all irrigated treatments were fertigated according to the water source applied. Leaf water potential, chlorophyll, gas exchange, leaf nutrition, vegetative growth, productivity and quality technological were measured during the second ratoon of sugarcane. Soil moisture changed according to the depth of the dripper lines installation, being higher for irrigated treatments. The leaf water potential, chlorophyll, gas exchange and nitrogen and magnesium concentration in the leaves also were higher for irrigated plots. The irrigated treatments with sewage had the largest stem and sugar yield compared with the rainfed, being the dripper line irrigated with sewage to 0.20m presenting the greatest differences reaching 95% and 86% with a productivity of 233.69Mgha−1 and 37.06Mgha−1 for stem and total recoverable sugar, respectively; however, there were not significant differences between the irrigated plots. The technological quality of sugarcane was considered appropriate to all treatments.
We report the genome sequence of Vibrio cholerae strain IEC224, which fails to ferment sucrose. It was isolated from a cholera outbreak in the Amazon. The defective sucrose phenotype was determined ...to be due to a frameshift mutation, and a molecular marker of the Latin American main epidemic lineage was identified.
The MPGD-based photon detectors for the upgrade of COMPASS RICH-1 Alexeev, M.; Azevedo, C.D.R.; Birsa, R. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
12/2017, Letnik:
876
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The RICH-1 Detector of the COMPASS experiment at CERN SPS has undergone an important upgrade for the 2016 physics run. Four new photon detectors, based on Micro Pattern Gaseous Detector technology ...and covering a total active area larger than 1.2m2 have replaced the previously used MWPC-based photon detectors. The upgrade answers the challenging efficiency and stability quest for the new phase of the COMPASS spectrometer physics programme. The new detector architecture consists in a hybrid MPGD combination of two Thick Gas Electron Multipliers and a MicroMegas stage. Signals, extracted from the anode pad by capacitive coupling, are read-out by analog F-E based on the APV25 chip. The main aspects of the COMPASS RICH-1 photon detectors upgrade are presented focussing on detector design, engineering aspects, mass production, the quality assessment and assembly challenges of the MPGD components. The status of the detector commissioning is also presented.
As current- and next-generation astronomical instruments come online, they will generate an unprecedented deluge of data. Analyzing these data in real time presents unique conceptual and ...computational challenges, and their long-term storage and archiving is scientifically essential for generating reliable, reproducible results. We present here the real-time processing (RTP) system for the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA), a radio interferometer endeavoring to provide the first detection of the highly redshifted 21 cm signal from Cosmic Dawn and the Epoch of Reionization by an interferometer. The RTP system consists of analysis routines run on raw data shortly after they are acquired, such as calibration and detection of radio-frequency interference (RFI) events. RTP works closely with the Librarian, the HERA data storage and transfer manager which automatically ingests data and transfers copies to other clusters for post-processing analysis. Both the RTP system and the Librarian are public and open source software, which allows for them to be modified for use in other scientific collaborations. When fully constructed, HERA is projected to generate over 50 terabytes (TB) of data each night, and the RTP system enables the successful scientific analysis of these data.
To analyze the postpartum pelvic floor disorders (PFD) and mode of delivery among adolescents, late adolescents, and young women from Western Amazon.
Cross-sectional study was carried out in the ...urban area of Western Amazon in the city of Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil, from October 2016 to February 2017. This is a convenience sample of women up to 30 years who completed six months postpartum, separated in three groups according to maternal age: adolescents (age ≤19 years), late adolescents (20-24 years), and young women (25-30 years). Participants were home interviewed and answered Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-20 (PFDI-20). Delivery clinical data were collected from patient's medical records.
In total, 285 participants were interviewed: 41 adolescents, 103 late adolescents, and 141 young women. After controlling for confounding factors, prevalences of PFD were higher in the adolescents' group compared with the young women's group (urinary incontinence UI, prevalence ratio PR = 1.75, 95% CI 1.14-2.69; urge urinary incontinence UUI, PR = 1.88, 95% CI 1.02-3.47; stress urinary incontinence, PR = 2.00, 95% CI 1.11-3.62; fecal incontinence FI, PR = 4.40, 95% CI 1.36-14.27). PFDI-20 scores also presented higher values in the adolescent group (Pelvic Organ Prolapse Distress Inventory POPDI, PR = 2.02, 95% CI 1.49-2.75; urinary distress inventory UDI, PR = 2.09, 95% CI 1.47-2.98; PFDI, PR = 2.12, 95% CI 1.47-2.98). Analyzing the influence of cesarean section, adolescents have higher prevalence of UI (PR = 1.84, 95% CI 1.04-3.26,
=0.037), UUI (PR = 2.36, 95% CI 1.03-5.40,
=0.042), and FI (PR = 4.09, 95% CI 1.21-13.81,
=0.023). In addition, POPDI (PR = 2.15, 95% CI 1.60-2.89,
<0.001), UDI (PR = 2.25, 95% CI 1.61-3.16,
<0.001), and PFDI (PR = 2.27, 95% CI 1.68-3.08,
<0.001) scores are also higher among adolescents where the baby is born by cesarean section.
Adolescents present higher prevalence and symptoms of PFD; furthermore, cesarean delivery has a greater negative influence on the pelvic floor of adolescents when compared with young women. This reinforces the importance of PFD investigation among the adolescent population, mainly in developing countries which have high rates of adolescent pregnancy and cesarean section.
► Squalene has higher solubility compared to other lipids in supercritical carbon dioxide. ► The presence of oleic acid decreases the selectivity of squalene. ► Molecular interactions affect ...solubility in supercritical carbon dioxide. ► Fractionation of squalene and oleic acid is feasible using supercritical carbon dioxide.
Through the application of a dynamic method, the solubility of three lipid components with different volatilities and polarities was measured in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO
2). Binary systems of CO
2/squalene (SQ), CO
2/oleic acid (OA) and CO
2/pseudo-component palm olein (PO) were measured at temperatures of 313, 333 and 353
K, and at a pressure range of 10–30
MPa. A ternary system of CO
2/SQ/PO and a quaternary system of CO
2/SQ/PO/OA were also investigated at 313
K and pressures of 10–25
MPa. Comparison of the ternary system with the binary system showed a decrease in the solubility of SQ, with a corresponding rise in the solubility of PO. In the quaternary system, the presence of OA decreased the selectivity of SQ. The data were correlated using Chrastil’s equation in order to examine the general trend of solubility behaviour.
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