Selenium (Se) is considered a beneficial element in higher plants when provided at low concentrations. Recently, studies have unveiled the interactions between Se and ethylene metabolism throughout ...plant growth and development. However, despite the evidence that Se may provide longer shelf life in ethylene-sensitive flowers, its primary action on ethylene biosynthesis and cause-effect responses are still understated. In the present review, we discuss the likely action of Se on ethylene biosynthesis and its consequence on postharvest physiology of cut flowers. By combining Se chemical properties with a dissection of ethylene metabolism, we further highlighted both the potential use of Se solutions and their downstream responses. We believe that this report will provide the foundation for the hypothesis that Se plays a key role in the postharvest longevity of ethylene-sensitive flowers.
► A QuEChERS-based methodology for the analysis of phenols in beverages was developed. ► High degree of sample clean-up for liquid chromatographic analysis is achieved. ► Competitive alternative to ...other sample preparation methodologies such as SPE. ► Low solvent consumption and no special laboratory equipment are required.
The QuEChERS methodology has been used for the determination of pesticides in solid samples. However, this technique can be equally useful for other applications, namely for liquid samples.
This work presents a new application of QuEChERS to the analysis of important ageing markers in beverages, the volatile phenols, by liquid chromatography with fluorimetric and UV detection. The sample preparation methodology comprises two sequential steps: (1) salting-out liquid–liquid extraction and (2) dispersive solid-phase extraction for extract clean-up. The methodology showed good repeatability (ca. 3%) and reproducibility (ca. 6%) with recovery levels above 90% and limits of detection varied in the range of 0.001–0.055mgL−1. A variable amount of phenols was found in the analysed samples (beers, wines and fruit juices), being 4-ethylphenol and 4-ethylguaiacol the compounds found in higher amounts, varying in the range of 0.12–1.11mgL−1 and 0.13–1.23mgL−1, respectively.
Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is a rare neurocutaneous disorder characterized by multiple benign and malignant tumors involving different organs (renal, adrenal, pancreas, liver, urogenital system, ...central nervous system, and head and neck region) due to mutations in the VHL tumor suppressor gene. Here, we describe a patient with unknown VHL disease who has complained of hypoesthesia of the right lower limb for about six years. A lumbar MRI was performed and revealed an expansive foraminal lesion at the right L3-L4 level and multiple serpiginous intradural and extramedullary flow voids involving the dorsal aspect of the spinal cord. The patient underwent digital subtraction angiography to exclude a spinal dural arteriovenous fistula, which revealed imaging features suggestive of spinal hemangioblastoma. In the presence of a spinal hemangioblastoma, a brain MRI was performed for further evaluation to rule out the possible diagnosis of VHL disease, and a solitary hemangioblastoma on the right cerebellar hemisphere was found. The patient underwent lumbar spine surgery, confirming the suspicious diagnosis of hemangioblastomas related to VHL disease.
Key measures to halt the spread of tuberculosis (TB) include early diagnosis, effective treatment, and monitoring disease management. We sought to evaluate the use of serum immunoglobulin levels ...against antigens present in cell envelope of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to monitor TB treatment response in children and adolescents with pulmonary (PTB) or extrapulmonary TB (EPTB). Blood samples were collected prior to and one, two, and six months following treatment initiation. Serum immunoglobulin levels against cardiolipin, sulfatide, mycolic acid and Mce1A protein were measured by ELISA. Serum from 53 TB patients and 12 healthy participants were analyzed. After six months of successful treatment, there was a significant decrease (p < 0.0001) in IgM levels against cardiolipin, sulfatide, mycolic acid and Mce1A protein and IgG levels against Mce1A protein when compared to baseline immunoglobulin levels. There was no significant variation in antibody levels during follow-up between participants with PTB and EPTB, confirmed and unconfirmed TB diagnosis, and HIV infection status. Antibody levels in control participants without TB did not decrease during follow-up. These results suggest that immunoglobulin responses to mycobacterial cell wall products may be a useful tool to monitor treatment response in children and adolescents with PTB or EPTB.
In the present article, we describe the synthesis, anti-HIV1 profile and molecular modeling evaluation of 11 oxoquinoline derivatives.
In the present article, we describe the synthesis, anti-HIV1 ...profile and molecular modeling evaluation of 11 oxoquinoline derivatives. The structure–activity relationship analysis revealed some stereoelectronic properties such as LUMO energy, dipole moment, number of rotatable bonds, and of hydrogen bond donors and acceptors correlated with the potency of compounds. We also describe the importance of substituents R
2 and R
3 for their biological activity. Compound
2j was identified as a lead compound for future investigation due to its : (i) high activity against HIV-1, (ii) low cytotoxicity in PBMC, (iii) low toxic risks based on in silico evaluation, (iv) a good theoretical oral bioavailability according to Lipinski ‘rule of five’, (v) higher druglikeness and drug-score values than current antivirals AZT and efavirenz.
We described the synthesis of a new congener series of 1,2,3-triazolyl-4-oxoquinolines and evaluated their ability to inhibit oseltamivir (OST)-resistant influenza strains. Oxoquinoline derivative 1i ...was the most potent compound within this series, inhibiting 94% of wild-type (WT) influenza neuraminidase (NA) activity. Compound 1i inhibited influenza virus replication with an EC50 of 0.2μM with less cytotoxicity than OST, and also inhibited different OST-resistant NAs. These results suggest that 1,2,3-triazolyl-4-oxoquinolines represent promising lead molecules for further anti-influenza drug design. Display omitted
We described the synthesis of a new congener series of 1,2,3-triazolyl-4-oxoquinolines and evaluated their ability to inhibit oseltamivir (OST)-resistant influenza strains. Oxoquinoline derivative 1i was the most potent compound within this series, inhibiting 94% of wild-type (WT) influenza neuraminidase (NA) activity. Compound 1i inhibited influenza virus replication with an EC50 of 0.2μM with less cytotoxicity than OST, and also inhibited different OST-resistant NAs. These results suggest that 1,2,3-triazolyl-4-oxoquinolines represent promising lead molecules for further anti-influenza drug design.
Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT), caused by an Alphaherpesvirus (Gallid herpesvirus-1; GaHV-1), has been noticed in the region of the Terras Altas da Mantiqueira, Minas Gerais. From 2010 to 2018, ...the “Serviço Veterinário Oficial” (SVO) of the “Instituto Mineiro Agropecuário” (IMA), implemented measures to prevent spread of the virus to other regions and control the disease in the area. Due to the close proximity and consequent epidemiological link among farms, the region was considered a unique epidemiological unit. To check the efficiency of the ILT control measures, we carried out: (1) a seroepidemiological survey, (2) questionnaires for evaluating biosecurity measures; and (3) an evaluation of the influence of farm population density on the occurrence of ILT. In 2016, 2017, and 2018, ILT was investigated using epidemiological and clinicopathological methods, along with GaHV-1 molecular detection. Serological survey was carried out on 24 farms in the quarantined region and on 13 farms from other regions of the state. In 2010 and 2018, questionnaires were applied to collect data and determine indicators of biosecurity practices in all farms of the quarantined area. The differences were then assessed (Wilcoxon’s p<0.05). The results indicated positive serology throughout the region, although only on four farms (16.6%) the chickens have clinical signs, macroscopic and histological lesions of ILT. The prevalence of viral infection increased from 2016 (27%) to 2017 (50%) and was higher in farms with a high stock density (p=0.033). No disease, virus or antibodies were detected in the farms outside of the quarantined area. Although the biosecurity indicators had improved on all farms in the quarantined area (p<0.05), the virus was active and circulating in the region. The contingency measures have contained the outbreak, but biosecurity practices are paramount in the control of new outbreaks. Official control will be maintained in the region, including surveillance of new cases and biosecurity procedures to mitigate the risk of the virus reaching other regions.
RESUMO: Laringotraqueíte infecciosa (LTI), causada por um alfaherpesvírus (herpesvírus Gallid-1; GaHV-1), foi observada na região das Terras Altas da Mantiqueira, Minas Gerais. De 2010 a 2018, o Serviço Veterinário Oficial (SVO) do Instituto Mineiro Agropecuário (IMA) implementou medidas para impedir a disseminação do vírus para outras regiões do estado e controlar a doença na região interditada. Devido à proximidade e consequente vínculo epidemiológico entre as granjas, a região foi considerada uma unidade epidemiológica única. Para verificar a eficiência das medidas de controle de LTI, foram realizados: (1) pesquisa soroepidemiológica, (2) questionários para avaliar medidas de biosseguridade; e (3) avaliação da influência da densidade populacional da granja na ocorrência de LTI. Em 2016, 2017 e 2018, a LTI foi investigada usando métodos epidemiológicos e clínico-patológicos, com a detecção molecular de GaHV-1. O levantamento sorológico foi realizado em 24 granjas da região interditada e em 13 granjas de outras regiões do estado. Em 2010 e 2018, foram aplicados questionários para coletar dados e determinar indicadores de medidas de biosseguridade em todas as granjas da área interditada. As diferenças foram avaliadas (p<0,05 de Wilcoxon). Os resultados indicaram sorologia positiva em toda a região, embora apenas em quatro granjas (16,6%) as galinhas apresentaram sinais clínicos, lesões macroscópicas e histológicas da LTI. A prevalência de infecção viral aumentou de 2016 (27%) para 2017 (50%) e foi maior em fazendas com alta densidade de alojamento (p=0,033). Presença da doença, vírus ou anticorpos foram detectados nas granjas fora da área interditada. Embora os indicadores de biosseguridade tenham melhorado em todas as fazendas da área interditada (p<0,05), o vírus está ativo e circulava na região. As medidas de contingência contiveram o surto, mas as práticas de biosseguridade são fundamentais para o controle de novos surtos. O controle oficial será mantido na região, incluindo a vigilância de novos casos e procedimentos de biosseguridade para mitigar o risco de transmissão do vírus para outras regiões.
The aim of the present study was to determine the frequency and evaluate the infuence of age, sex and breed in seropositivity anti-Babesia canis, Toxoplasma gondii, Leishmania (L.) chagasi and ...Neospora caninum, by means of the indirect immunofuorescence antibody test (IFAT), in serum samples collected from dogs attended in nine private veterinary clinics in municipality of Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil, from August 2000 to April 2002. Of 300 dogs, 73.3% were seropositive (IFAT>or=1:80) to B. canis, and there was a signifcant increase (p<0.05) of the reagent in adult animals when compared with young. Only one dog (0.3%) from Belo Horizonte there was antibodies anti-L. (L.) chagasi (IFAT>or=1:40). T. gondii, of 218 dogs, 60.7% were positive (IFAT>or=1:16). In 228 serum samples, 3.1% were positive (IFAT>or=1:50) to N. caninum. Infections to B. canis and T. gondii occur as endemic form in dogs examined at private veterinary clinics in Lavras. Tere is no evidence that there are autochthonous cases of canine visceral leishmaniosis in Lavras. Besides this the infection by N. caninum is uncommon in dogs breed at the urbane zone of the municipality.
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