We study the unconventional superconducting correlations caused by a single isolated magnetic impurity in a conventional s-wave superconductor. Because of the local breaking of time-reversal ...symmetry, the impurity induces unconventional superconductivity, which is even in both space and spin variables but odd under time inversion. We derive an exact proportionality relation between the even-frequency component of the local electron density of states and the imaginary part of the odd-frequency local pairing function. By applying this relation to scanning tunneling microscopy spectra taken on top of magnetic impurities immersed in a Pb/Si(111) monolayer, we show experimental evidence of the occurrence of the odd-frequency pairing in these systems and explicitly extract its superconducting function from the data.
In this paper we present two different classes of solutions for the Klein–Gordon equation in the presence of a scalar potential under the influence of noninertial effects in the cosmic string ...spacetime. We show that noninertial effects restrict the physical region of the spacetime where the particle can be placed, and furthermore that the energy levels are shifted by these effects. In addition, we show that the presence of a Coulomb-like scalar potential allows the formation of bound states when the Klein–Gordon equation is considered in this kind of spacetime.
3D printing technologies have been considered an important technology due to the ease manufacturing of objects, freedom of design, waste minimization, and fast prototyping. In chemistry, this ...technology potentializes the fabrication of conductive electrodes in large scale for sensing applications. Herein, we reported the modification of a 3D printed graphene electrode with Prussian blue. The modified electrode (3DGrE/PB) was characterized by microscopy (SEM and AFM) and spectroscopic techniques, and its electrochemical properties were compared to the traditional electrodes: glassy carbon, gold, and platinum. The 3DGrE/PB was used in the sensing of hydrogen peroxide in real-world samples of milk and mouthwash, and the results obtained according to the technique of batch-injection analysis were satisfactory for the concentration range typically found in such samples. Thus, 3DGrE/PB can be used as a new platform for sensing of molecular targets.
Synopsis
Nowadays, the consumers around the world are increasingly focused on health and beauty. The renewed consumer interest in natural cosmetic products creates the demand for new products and ...reformulated others with botanical and functional ingredients. In cosmetic products, essential oils (EOs) play a major role as fragrance ingredients. They can optimize its proprieties and preservation, as well as the marketing image of the final product. Microencapsulation of EOs can protect and prevent the loss of volatile aromatic ingredients and improve the controlled release and stability of this core materials. The importance of EOs for cosmetic industry and its microencapsulation was reviewed in this study. Also a briefly introduction about the preparation of microparticles was presented. Some of the most important and usual microencapsulation techniques of EOs, as well as the conventional encapsulating agents, were discussed. Despite the fact that microencapsulation of EOs is a very promising and extremely attractive application area for cosmetic industry, further basic research needs to be carried out, for a better understanding of the biofunctional activities of microencapsulated EOs and its release modulation, as well as the effects of others cosmetic ingredients and the storage time in the microparticles properties.
Résumé
De nos jours, les consommateurs du monde entier sont de plus en plus focalisés sur la santé et la beauté. L'intérêt renouvelé des consommateurs dans les produits cosmétiques naturels crée la demande pour de nouveaux produits et d'autres reformulés avec des ingrédients botaniques et fonctionnelles. Dans les produits cosmétiques, les huiles essentielles jouent un rôle majeur comme ingrédients de parfum. Ils peuvent optimiser ses propriétés et la préservation, ainsi que l'image de la commercialisation du produit final. La micro‐encapsulation d'huiles essentielles peut protéger et prévenir la perte d'ingrédients aromatiques volatils, d'améliorer la libération contrôlée et la stabilité de ce noyau matériaux. L'importance des huiles essentielles pour l'industrie cosmétique et sa micro‐encapsulation ont été examinées dans le présent document. Également une brève introduction de la préparation de microparticules a été présentée. Certaines des techniques de micro‐encapsulation les plus importantes et habituelles d'huiles essentielles, ainsi que les agents d'enrobage classiques ont été examinées. Malgré le fait que la micro‐encapsulation d'huiles essentielles est un domaine très prometteur et très attrayant pour l'application par l'industrie cosmétique, la recherche fondamentale doit être effectuée pour une meilleure compréhension des activités biofonctionnelles d'huiles essentielles micro‐encapsulées et de la modulation de relargage, ainsi que les effets des autres ingrédients cosmétiques et le temps de stockage dans les propriétés des micro‐particules.
The concept of a roton, a special kind of elementary excitation, forming a minimum of energy at finite momentum, has been essential to understand the properties of superfluid
He 1. In quantum ...liquids, rotons arise from the strong interparticle interactions, whose microscopic description remains debated 2. In the realm of highly-controllable quantum gases, a roton mode has been predicted to emerge due to magnetic dipole-dipole interactions despite of their weakly-interacting character 3. This prospect has raised considerable interest 4-12; yet roton modes in dipolar quantum gases have remained elusive to observations. Here we report experimental and theoretical studies of the momentum distribution in Bose-Einstein condensates of highly-magnetic erbium atoms, revealing the existence of the long-sought roton mode. Following an interaction quench, the roton mode manifests itself with the appearance of symmetric peaks at well-defined finite momentum. The roton momentum follows the predicted geometrical scaling with the inverse of the confinement length along the magnetisation axis. From the growth of the roton population, we probe the roton softening of the excitation spectrum in time and extract the corresponding imaginary roton gap. Our results provide a further step in the quest towards supersolidity in dipolar quantum gases 13.
Quantum Droplets of Dipolar Mixtures Bisset, R N; Ardila, L A Peña; Santos, L
Physical review letters,
2021-Jan-15, Letnik:
126, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Recently achieved two-component dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates open exciting possibilities for the study of mixtures of ultradilute quantum liquids. While nondipolar self-bound (without external ...confinement) mixtures are necessarily miscible with an approximately fixed ratio between the two densities, the density ratio for the dipolar case is free. Therefore, self-bound dipolar mixtures present qualitatively novel and much richer physics, characterized by three possible ground-state phases: miscible, symmetric immiscible, and asymmetric immiscible, which may in principle occur at any population imbalance. Self-bound immiscible droplets are possible due to mutual nonlocal intercomponent attraction, which results in the formation of a droplet molecule. Moreover, our analysis of the impurity regime shows that quantum fluctuations in the majority component crucially modify the miscibility of impurities. Our work opens intriguing perspectives for the exploration of spinor physics in ultradilute liquids, which should resemble to some extent that of ^{4}He-^{3}He droplets and impurity-doped helium droplets.
Recent experiments have revealed that beyond-mean-field corrections are much more relevant in weakly interacting dipolar condensates than in their nondipolar counterparts. We show that in ...quasi-one-dimensional geometries quantum corrections in dipolar and nondipolar condensates are strikingly different due to the peculiar momentum dependence of the dipolar interactions. The energy correction of the condensate presents not only a modified density dependence, but it may even change from attractive to repulsive at a critical density due to the surprising role played by the transversal directions. The anomalous quantum correction translates into a strongly modified physics for quantum-stabilized droplets and dipolar solitons. Moreover, and for similar reasons, quantum corrections of three-body correlations, and hence of three-body losses, are strongly modified by the dipolar interactions. This intriguing physics can be readily probed in current experiments with magnetic atoms.
We report that p73 is expressed in multiciliated cells (MCCs), is required for MCC differentiation, and directly regulates transcriptional modulators of multiciliogenesis. Loss of ciliary biogenesis ...provides a unifying mechanism for many phenotypes observed in p73 knockout mice including hydrocephalus; hippocampal dysgenesis; sterility; and chronic inflammation/infection of lung, middle ear, and sinus. Through p73 and p63 ChIP-seq using murine tracheal cells, we identified over 100 putative p73 target genes that regulate MCC differentiation and homeostasis. We validated Foxj1, a transcriptional regulator of multiciliogenesis, and many other cilia-associated genes as direct target genes of p73 and p63. We show p73 and p63 are co-expressed in a subset of basal cells and suggest that p73 marks these cells for MCC differentiation. In summary, p73 is essential for MCC differentiation, functions as a critical regulator of a transcriptome required for MCC differentiation, and, like p63, has an essential role in development of tissues.
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•p73 is required for murine MCC differentiation•MCC loss provides a unifying biological defect for phenotypes in p73−/− mice•p73 binds to the genome in proximity to 105 cilia-associated genes, including Foxj1•p73 directly regulates and is required for Foxj1 expression
Using a p73-deficient mouse model, Marshall et al. show that p73 is required for MCC differentiation. ChIP-seq of murine tracheal cells reveals many p73 target genes that regulate MCC differentiation. Lack of expression of key transcriptional regulators of ciliogenesis provides a mechanistic basis for the multiple defects in p73-deficient mice.
Resistance training (RT) has selective effects on body composition that may counteract the deleterious effects of aging. Changes in phase angle (PhA) may serve to monitor the influence of RT in older ...people.
To describe the effect of RT in training, detraining and retraining on body composition, including PhA in older women.
Thirty-three older women (⩾60 years old) participated. The RT program was carried out over 12 weeks for each stage (training, detraining and retraining). Whole-body fat-free mass and fat mass (FM) and appendicular lean soft tissue (ALST) measurements were carried out using a dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Bioimpedance spectroscopy was used to estimate total body water (TBW), intra (ICF) and extracellular (ECF) fluids, whole-body resistance (R) and reactance (Xc) and PhA. Upper and lower body muscle strength were also assessed.
From baseline to after training muscle strength, ALST and PhA significantly (P<0.05) increased. In detraining, significant (P<0.05) reductions in muscle strength, TBW, ECF, ICF and PhA along with significant (P<0.05) increases in R were observed, with the greatest magnitude observed for PhA (Δ=-7.6%). From detraining to retraining a significant reduction in FM along with increases in Xc, PhA and muscle strength were observed. Although an increase was observed from detraining to retraining in PhA, the values were still lower than baseline PhA.
In untrained older women, a RT is associated with increases in PhA, whereas detraining results in a marked decrease in PhA, and more time may be required in retraining to counteract the negative influence of absence of exercise stimulus.
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