Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Ziel:
Für die Erzielung von Erlösen muss im Bereich der Strahlentherapie jede Teilbestrahlung (Fraktion) verschlüsselt werden, und zwar unter Angabe von Datum und ...Uhrzeit der jeweiligen Maßnahme. Bei im Schnitt 30 Fraktionen pro Patient und 2 500 neuen Patienten im Jahr wächst das Verschlüsselungsvolumen allein im Bereich der bestrahlungsnahen Therapieschlüssel schnell auf Werte von 70 000 und mehr. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurde in der Klinik für Strahlenheilkunde Freiburg ein Verfahren entwickelt und implementiert, welches die Übermittlung und die Verarbeitung dieser Therapieschlüssel automatisiert. Das hier vorgestellte Verfahren ist ein Gemeinschaftsprojekt der Klinik für Strahlenheilkunde, der Klinikumsverwaltung und des Klinikrechenzentrums (KRZ) des Universitätsklinikums Freiburg.
Material und Methodik:
Das hier beschriebene Projekt besteht aus einzelnen Modulen, welche im Zusammenspiel die angestrebte Automatisierung hinsichtlich der Übermittlung von beschleunigernahen Leistungen ermöglichen. Das erste Modul extrahiert die Leistungsdaten aus dem eigenen Abteilungssystem (MOSAIQ). Im nächsten Schritt werden diese dann über eine HL7-Schnittstelle an das KRZ übermittelt. Im KRZ findet nun der Abgleich mit den Leistungsfällen statt, um den zur Leistung gehörenden Leistungsträger zu ermitteln. Im weiteren Verlauf spielt dabei eine Matchingtabelle eine zentrale Rolle, da sie es ermöglicht, die einzelnen Leistungen kostenträgerabhängig in die gültigen Abrechnungsschlüssel (wie GOÄ, EBM oder OPS) zu überführen. Im letzten Schritt werden diese Daten dann an das Abrechnungssystem übertragen.
Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerung:
Nach einer erfolgreichen Umsetzung und Implementierung der einzelnen Module wurde im März 2006 ein erster Betatest vorgenommen, um die prinzipielle Lauffähigkeit und das Zusammenspiel der einzelnen Komponenten zu überprüfen. Es stellte sich sehr schnell heraus, dass das angewandte Verfahren äußerst effektiv und störungsfrei arbeitete. So entschlossen sich die Autoren, das System im April 2006 als Pilotprojekt mit einer überschaubaren Anzahl von Leistungsqualitäten (Computertomographie, Simulator) zum Einsatz zu bringen. In der Folge werden seit Oktober 2006 nahezu alle Bestrahlungsschlüssel (ca. 75 000) an das übergeordnete Klinikinformationssystem (KIS) als Routineprozess automatisiert übermittelt.
Materiale Textkulturen Meier, Thomas; Ott, Michael R; Sauer, Rebecca
2015, Letnik:
1
eBook
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Die Reihe Materiale Textkulturen ist das Publikationsorgan des gleichnamigen Heidelberger Sonderforschungsbereichs 933, der von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft gefördert wird. In der Reihe ...erscheinen Sammelbände und Monographien, die sich den Forschungsschwerpunkten des SFB widmen, also die Materialität und Präsenz des Geschriebenen in non-typographischen Gesellschaften erforschen.
The transcription factor Sox10 is an essential regulator of genes that code for structural components of the myelin sheath and for lipid metabolic enzymes in both types of myelinating glia in the ...central and peripheral nervous systems. In an attempt to characterize additional Sox10 target genes in Schwann cells, we identified in this study a strong influence of Sox10 on the expression of genes associated with adhesion in the MSC80 Schwann cell line. These included the genes for Gliomedin, Neuronal cell adhesion molecule and Neurofascin that together constitute essential Schwann cell contributions to paranode and node of Ranvier. Using bioinformatics and molecular biology techniques we provide evidence that Sox10 directly activates these genes by binding to conserved regulatory regions. For activation, Sox10 cooperates with Krox20, a transcription factor previously identified as the central regulator of Schwann cell myelination. Both the activating function of Sox10 as well as its cooperation with Krox20 were confirmed in vivo. We conclude that the employment of Sox10 and Krox20 as regulators of structural myelin sheath components and genes associated with the node of Ranvier is one way of ensuring a biologically meaningful coordinated formation of both structures during peripheral myelination.
Main points
Sox10 directly activates Schwann cell genes with relevance for node formation.
Sox10 impacts node formation in vivo.
Sox10 cooperates with Krox20 during node formation.
Adaptive fear responses to external threats rely upon efficient relay of computations underlying contextual encoding to subcortical circuits. Brain-wide analysis of highly coactivated ensembles ...following contextual fear discrimination identified the dorsolateral septum (DLS) as a relay of the dentate gyrus-CA3 circuit. Retrograde monosynaptic tracing and electrophysiological whole-cell recordings demonstrated that DLS somatostatin-expressing interneurons (SST-INs) receive direct CA3 inputs. Longitudinal in vivo calcium imaging of DLS SST-INs in awake, behaving mice identified a stable population of footshock-responsive SST-INs during contextual conditioning whose activity tracked and predicted non-freezing epochs during subsequent recall in the training context but not in a similar, neutral context or open field. Optogenetic attenuation or stimulation of DLS SST-INs bidirectionally modulated conditioned fear responses and recruited proximal and distal subcortical targets. Together, these observations suggest a role for a potentially hard-wired DLS SST-IN subpopulation as arbiters of mobility that calibrate context-appropriate behavioral fear responses.
Schwann cells ensure efficient nerve impulse conduction in the peripheral nervous system. Their development is accompanied by defined chromatin changes, including variant histone deposition and ...redistribution. To study the importance of variant histones for Schwann cell development, we altered their genomic distribution by conditionally deleting Ep400, the central subunit of the Tip60/Ep400 complex. Ep400 absence causes peripheral neuropathy in mice, characterized by terminal differentiation defects in myelinating and non-myelinating Schwann cells and immune cell activation. Variant histone H2A.Z is differently distributed throughout the genome and remains at promoters of Tfap2a, Pax3 and other transcriptional regulator genes with transient function at earlier developmental stages. Tfap2a deletion in Ep400-deficient Schwann cells causes a partial rescue arguing that continued expression of early regulators mediates the phenotypic defects. Our results show that proper genomic distribution of variant histones is essential for Schwann cell differentiation, and assign importance to Ep400-containing chromatin remodelers in the process.
Bibliometrics and altmetrics are increasingly becoming the focus of interest in the context of research evaluation. The Handbook Bibliometrics provides a comprehensive introduction to quantifying ...scientific output in addition to a historical derivation, individual indicators, institutions, application perspectives and data bases. Furthermore, application scenarios, training and qualification on bibliometrics and their implications are considered.
A subset of CLAVATA3/endosperm-surrounding region-related (CLE) peptides are involved in autoregulation of nodulation (AON) in Medicago truncatula (e.g. MtCLE12 and MtCLE13). However, their linkage ...to other components of the AON pathways downstream of the shoot-derived inhibitor (SDI) is not understood. We have ectopically expressed the putative peptide ligand encoding genes MtCLE12 and MtCLE13 in M. truncatula which abolished nodulation completely in wild-type roots but not in the supernodulating null mutant sunn-4. Further, root growth inhibition was detected when MtCLE12 was ectopically expressed in wild-type roots or synthetic CLE12 peptide was applied exogenously. To identify downstream genes, roots of wild-type and sunn-4 mutant over-expressing MtCLE12 were used for quantitative gene expression analysis. We found that, in 35S:MtCLE12 roots, NODULE INCEPTION (NIN, a central regulator of nodulation) was down-regulated, whereas MtEFD (ethylene response factor required for nodule differentiation) and MtRR8 (a type-A response regulator thought to be involved in the negative regulation of cytokinin signaling), were up-regulated. Moreover, we found that the up-regulation of MtEFD and MtRR8 caused by overexpressing MtCLE12 is SUNN-dependent. Hence, our data link for the first time the pathways for Nod factor signaling, cytokinin perception and AON.
Large Ocean Worlds with High-Pressure Ices Journaux, Baptiste; Kalousová, Klára; Sotin, Christophe ...
Space science reviews,
02/2020, Letnik:
216, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
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Pressures in the hydrospheres of large ocean worlds extend to ranges exceeding those in Earth deepest oceans. In this regime, dense water ices and other high-pressure phases become thermodynamically ...stable and can influence planetary processes at a global scale. The presence of high-pressure ices sets large icy worlds apart from other smaller water-rich worlds and complicates their study. Here we provide an overview of the unique physical states, thermodynamics, dynamic regimes, and evolution scenarios specific to large ocean worlds where high-pressure ice polymorphs form. We start by (i) describing the current state of knowledge for the interior states of large icy worlds in our solar system (i.e. Ganymede, Titan and Callisto). Then we (ii) discuss the thermodynamic and physical specifics of the relevant high–pressure materials, including ices, aqueous fluids and hydrates. While doing this we (iii) describe the current state of the art in modeling and understanding the dynamic regimes of high-pressure ice mantles. Based on these considerations we (iv) explore the different evolution scenarios for large icy worlds in our solar system. We (v) conclude by discussing the implications of what we know on chemical transport from the silicate core, extrapolation to exoplanetary candidate ocean worlds, limitations to habitability, differentiation diversity, and perspectives for future space exploration missions and experimental measurements.
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