Introduction. Hairy polyp is a rare malformation which consists of mesodermal and ectodermal elements. It is the most common congenital nasopharyngeal tumour. The clinical symptoms depend on the size ...and localization of the mass. Early surgical excision results in permanent cure. Case report. The child was born from regularly controlled pregnancy. Prenatally, in the 24th week of gestation, epulis gigantocellularis was suspected, magnetic resonance imaging confirmed existence of protruding mass. Immediately after the birth, a tissue formation connected with the hard palate was observed protruding out of the mouth, as well as split of soft palate and tongue. In the first day of life the child was intubated and a mechanical ventilatory support started. In the fourth day of life, tracheostomy was performed. In the 40th day of life, the tumor mass was entirely excised with the reconstruction of the existing deformity of the mouth. The histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of hairy polyp. In the fifth month of life, a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy was placed. At the beginning of the second age, the split of tongue and soft palate was sewn. With the establishment of normal swallowing, decannulation and closing of tracheostomy were performed and then gastrostomy was closed. Conclusion. Although the hairy polyp is a rare tumor, it must be included in the differential diagnosis of pharyngeal mass in the neonatal period. If there are no associated anomalies and if complete surgical resection of the tumor is performed, further course of the treatment will be favourable.
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Piebaldism is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the congenital absence of melanocytes in the affected areas of skin and hair due to mutations of the KIT protooncogene, which affects the ...differentiation and migration of melanoblasts.
A 3 1/2 month old male infant was admitted to hospital due to depigmentation of skin in the area of forehead, trunk and extremities. On admission, he had multiple, irregularly shaped areas of leucoderma present at the forehead, abdomen, lower legs and left forearm. Based on the characteristic skin features and family history, we diagnosed the boy's leucoderma as piebaldism.
Vitiligo differs from piebaldism by the presence of unstable hypopigmented lesions that are acquired later in life. Albinism presents with widespread skin involvement and lacks the characteristic hyperpigmented macules within hypopigmented areas.
The most common cause of sideropenic anemia in infants, during the period of their fast growth and development, is inadequate nutrition or insufficient intake of food rich in iron. The aim of this ...paper is to provide the insight into the problem of anemia and to emphasize nutrition as an important etiologic factor in the onset and prevention of anemia in infants.
Two retrospective studies were conducted at the Institute for Child and Youth Healthcare of Vojvodina. Department for Infant and Small Children's Pathology. The first study covered the period of eight years (1988-1995), and it included a total of 507 children, aged 1-24 months. The second study covered the period of two years (2010-2011) and a total of 290 children aged 1-12 months were included. The diagnosis of anemia was made according to clinical examination or after taking routine laboratory tests. According to the criteria of the World Health Organization, all children were divided into those with severe, moderate or mild anemia.
Out of 507 children examined in the first study, 333 (65.68%) were breastfed, while 174 (34.32%) had never been breastfed. In the second study, 206 (71.03%) out of 290 children were breastfed, while 56 (19.31%) had never been breastfed. In both studies the highest percentage of children breastfed for the longest period was among children with mild form of anemia, while the children who were breastfed for the shortest period had severe anemia. In addition, the highest percentage of anemic children was supplementary fed with cow's milk in both studies.
Short natural diet, early introduction of supplementation and choice of milk could be determining factors in the development and manifestation of anemia.
Kawasaki disease is an acute vasculitis which occurs primarily in children under the age of 5. The etiology of the disease is still unknown. Diagnostic criteria for Kawasaki disease are fever and at ...least four of the five additional clinical signs. Incomplete Kawasaki disease should be taken into consideration in case of all children with unexplained fever for more than 5 days, associated with 2 or 3 of the main clinical findings of Kawasaki disease. The diagnosis of incomplete Kawasaki disease is based on echocardiographic findings indicating the involvement of the coronary arteries. Cardiac complications, mostly coronary artery aneurysm, can occur in 20% to 25% of untreated patients and in 4% of treated patients. CASE REPORT. In this report we present a case of atypical Kawasaki disease in a 3.5-month-old infant. As soon as the diagnosis was made, the patient received high doses of intravenous immunoglobulin, with the initial introduction of ibuprofen, then aspirin with a good clinical response. Due to the presence of aneurysm of coronary arteries, further therapy involved aspirin and clopidogrel over the following 3 months, and then only aspirin for 2 years. There was a gradual regression of the changes in the coronary blood vessels to the normalization of the echocardiographic findings after 2 years.
Kawasaki disease is the second most common vasculitis of childhood, so it should be included in the differential diagnosis for any child with a prolonged unexplained fever. Atypical Kawasaki disease should be taken into consideration in cases when not all clinical criteria are present but coronary abnormalities are documented.
Intracranial hemorrhage remains an important factor of premature newborns' morbidity. Its incidence is significantly influenced by adequate perinatal care and safe neonatal transport. Risk factors ...for the development of intracranial hemorrhage in premature newborns after neonatal transport were analyzed in the retrospective transversal clinical study. Out of 150 study subjects, 60% (n = 90/150) had intracranial hemorrhage with a statistically significant difference in relation to Apgar score, gestational age, birth weight, age at the moment of transport and the prophylactic use of surfactant. In this group, grades I/II intracranial hemorrhage were detected in 77% (n = 69/90), while grades III/IV intracranial hemorrhage were diagnosed in 23% (n = 21/90). A statistically significant difference was observed in relation to gestational age, birth weight, antenatal use of tocolytics and steroids, delivery mode and age in the time of transport between these groups. All patients were transferred to Intensive Care Unit, the duration of transport was less than 5 minutes in 71% 9n = 107/150), whereas longer transport was recorded in 29% (n = 43/150). In the group of longer transport, prophylactic surfactant was less frequently used with a higher incidence of grades III/IV intracranial hemorrhage. In order to prevent the development of intracranial hemorrhage in premature newborns, the most important measures are the antenatal use of steroids and postnatal prophylactic use of surfactant.
Introduction. Paracardial cysts are rare lesions adjacent to the heart, mostly congenital in origin. They include pericardial and neural cysts, bronchogenic cysts, esophageal duplication cysts, ...neurenteric cysts, and cysts of other origin. Case report. A four-month-old female was admitted to our department for diagnostic evaluation of a left pleural effusion. The child did not have any difficulties. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a giant dumbbell-shaped extrapulmonary multiloculated cyst with fluid-filled cavities, detached from the pericardium, bronchial tree and pleura. Left-sided thoracoscopy confirmed a cystic formation attached to the lung parenchyma, esophagus, pericardium and diaphragm. Its outer surface was glistening and filled with clear fluid. During cyst wall preparation, an opening of the esophageal wall was noticed, and a conversion to the left posterolateral thoracotomy was made. The cyst was removed completely, and the defect of anterior wall of the esophagus was sutured, via the nasogastric tube. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a pericardial cyst. Conclusion. Pericardial cysts are rare and often clinically silent. If the existence of these cysts is suspected, a thorough work-up is required in order to make an accurate diagnosis. Key words: Pleural Effusion; Mediastinal Cyst; Infant; Signs and Symptoms; Diagnosis; Treatment Outcome; Thoracoscopy; Esophageal Fistula Uvod. Parakardijalne ciste su cisticne formacije koje se nalaze pored srca ili vode poreklo od srcanih struktura a ukljucuju perikardne i neuralne ciste, bronhogene ciste, duplikature jednjaka, neurentericne ciste i ciste drugog porekla. Prikaz slucaja. Odojce uzrasta cetiri meseca primljeno je na nase odeljenje radi dijagnosticke evaluacije levostranog pleuralnog izliva. Odojce nije imalo nikakve tegobe. U sklopu dijagnostike uradena je kompjuterizovana tomografija i magnetna rezonancija, koje su potvrdile postojanje ekstrapulmonalne multilokularne ciste izuzetno velikih dimenzija u obliku tega, sa supljinama ispunjenim tecnoscu koja nije u vezi sa perikardom, bronhijalnim stablom niti pleurom. Levostranom torakoskopijom potvrdena je cisticna formacija koja prianja za plucni parenhim, jednjak, perikard i dijafragmu. Spoljasnja povrsina ciste bila je sjajna dok je cista bila ispunjena bistrom tecnoscu. Tokom preparacije zida ciste uoceno je postojanje otvora na zidu jednjaka te je nacinjena posterolateralna torakotomija. Cista je u potpunosti uklonjena, dok su na defekt na prednjem zidu jednjaka postavljene suture sa nazogastricnom sondom kao protezom. Histopatoloski nalaz je potvrdio dijagnozu perikardne ciste. Zakljucak. Perikardna cista se javlja retko i obicno je asimptomatska. Ako se posumnja na postojanje ove ciste, potrebna je detaljna dijagnostika da bi se postavila prava dijagnoza. Kljucne reci: pleuralni izliv; medijastinalna cista; odojce; znaci i simptomi; dijagnoza; ishod lecenja; torakoskopija; ezofagealna fistula
Introduction. The most common cause of sideropenic anemia in infants, during the period of their fast growth and development, is inadequate nutrition or insufficient intake of food rich in iron. The ...aim of this paper is to provide the insight into the problem of anemia and to emphasize nutrition as an important etiologic factor in the onset and prevention of anemia in infants. Material and Methods. Two retrospective studies were conducted at the Institute for Child and Youth Healthcare of Vojvodina, Department for Infant and Small Children's Pathology. The first study covered the period of eight years (1988-1995), and it included a total of 507 children, aged 1-24 months. The second study covered the period of two years (2010-2011) and a total of 290 children aged 1-12 months were included. The diagnosis of anemia was made according to clinical examination or after taking routine laboratory tests. According to the criteria of the World Health Organization, all children were divided into those with severe, moderate or mild anemia. Results. Out of 507 children examined in the first study, 333 (65.68%) were breastfed, while 174 (34.32°%) had never been breastfed. In the second study, 206 (71.03%) out of 290 children were breastfed, while 56 (19.31%) had never been breastfed. In both studies the highest percentage of children breastfed for the longest period was among children with mild form of anemia, while the children who were breastfed for the shortest period had severe anemia. In addition, the highest percentage of anemic children was supplementary fed with cow's milk in both studies. Conclusion. Short natural diet, early introduction of supplementation and choice of milk could be determining factors in the development and manifestation of anemia. Key words: Milk; Infant; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; Breast Feeding; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Risk Factors; Hemoglobins; Iron Sazetak Uvod. Najcesci uzrok nastanka sideropenijske anemije kod odojcadi, tj. u periodu ubrzanog rasta i razvoja, jeste nepravilna ishrana ili nedovoljan unos gvozda hranom. Cilj rada je da pruzi uvid u problem pojave anemije i da potencira ishranu kao vazan etioloski faktor za nastanak, odnosno prevenciju anemije u odojcadskom uzrastu. Materijal i metode. Retrospektivnim studijama koje su sprovedene u Institutu za zdravstvenu zastitu dece i omladine Vojvodine, na Odeljenju za patologiju odojceta i malog deteta, obuhvaceno je 507 dece uzrasta 1-24 meseca u periodu od 1988. do 1995. godine i 290 dece uzrasta 1-12 meseci tokom 2010. i 2011. godine. Dijagnoza malokrvnosti postavljena je na osnovu klinickog pregleda ili nakon uzimanja rutinskih laboratorijskih nalaza. Sva deca su podeljena, prema kriterijumima Svetske zdravstvene organizacije, na decu sa teskom, umerenom ili lakom anemijom. Rezultati. U prvoj studiji, od ukupnog broja dece, 333 (65,68%) dece bilo je dojeno, dok 174 (34,32%) nikada nije bilo na prirodnoj ishrani. U drugoj studiji, od ukupnog broja dece, 206 (71,03%) bilo je dojeno, dok 56 (19,31%%) nikada nije sisalo. U obe studije, najveci procenat najduze dojene dece bio je mecu decom sa lakim oblikom anemije, dok su najkrace dojena deca bila sa teskim oblikom anemije. Isto tako je u obe studije najveci procenat tesko anemicne dece dohranjivan kravljim mlekom. Zakljucak. Kratkotrajna prirodna ishrana, rano zapoceta dohrana i izbor mleka mogli bi biti determinisuci faktori u nastanku i ispoljavanju anemije. Kljucne reci: Mleko; Odojce; Sideropenijska anemija; Dojenje; Fiziologija ishrane odojceta; Faktori rizika; Hemoglobina; Gvozce
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