Status epilepticus after brain tumor surgery Lapteva, K N; Savin, I A; Shimansky, V N ...
Zhurnal voprosy neĭrokhirurgii imeni N. N. Burdenko,
2023, Letnik:
87, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Status epilepticus (SE) is characterized by continuous course of clinical and/or electrographic epileptic seizures. There are little data on the course and outcomes of SE after resection of brain ...tumors.
To analyze clinical and electrographic manifestations of SE, its course and outcomes in short-term period after resection of brain tumors.
We analyzed medical records of 18 patients over 18 years old between 2012 and 2019. All patients underwent resection of brain tumor and developed SE after surgery. Clinical criteria were repeated epileptic seizures without interictal recovery of consciousness, stereotypical motor phenomena, impaired consciousness with continued epileptic activity according to video-EEG data. We analyzed EEG data, neurological status, CT and laboratory data.
Metastases (33%) and meningiomas (16%) prevailed. Supratentorial tumors were observed in 61% of patients. Two patients had preoperative seizures. Non-convulsive SE was diagnosed in 62% of patients. SE was successfully treated in 77% of cases. Mortality rate in patients with SE was 44%.
Early postoperative SE is rare after brain tumor surgery (about 0.09%). Nevertheless, this complication is associated with high mortality. Non-convulsive SE is common (62%) that should be considered in postoperative management.
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Knowledge about the heterogeneity of the soil cover of arable land and its impact on crop yield is of great practical importance. One of the main indicators of heterogeneity of the soil cover of ...arable fields is their contrast. The existing methods of assessment of soil contrast are based on the analysis of soil properties, classification position, or belonging to a certain agroproductive group. We propose a new method for estimating soil contrast of arable lands, which is entirely based on the use of satellite data. We suggest using a pairwise comparison of NDVI values for the soil segments calculated from Sentinel-2 satellite data for the last six years for all available scenes with the image of crops as the criterion of contrast. Based on the paired assessment of soil contrast and the length of boundaries between soils with different degrees of contrast, the contrast of the field as a whole can be estimated. Testing of the developed approaches on two test fields has shown their efficiency and the possibility in the future to create a system of automated remote technology for analyzing the contrast of the fields in order to gain prompt, low-cost, and independent assessments of their quality and develop recommendations on soil management.
Heavy metals concentration is considered one of the factors directly affecting soil and crop quality and, thus, human health. The objective of the current work was to critically examine the ...suitability of Vis- NIR (350–2500 nm) measurements for calibration procedures and methods to predict contaminated soil. 25 different sites were selected adjacent to drain Bahr El-Baqar east of Nile Delta. Spectroradiometer ASD was used to measure the spectral reflectance profile of each soil site. The concentrations of three heavy metals (Cr, Mn and Cu) were determined in the studied samples. Stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR) was used to construct calibration models subjected to the independent validation. The obtained regression models were of good quality (
R
2
= 0.82, 0.75, and 0.65 for Cr, Mn, and Cu, respectively). Thus, Visible and Nearinfrared (Vis-NIR) reflection spectroscopy is cost- and time-effective procedure that can be used as an alternative to the traditional methods of determination of heavy metals in soils.
An approach towards an automated updating of medium-scale soil maps via imitation of traditional mapping technologies is suggested. It is based on formulation of the rules of mapping in the form of ...classification trees for separating different soil cover patterns and on creation of the maps of soil-forming factors with the use of satellite data. Algorithms for mapping alluvial soils (Fluvisols), eroded (abraded), and anthropogenically transformed soils are presented. This approach was tested for the southern (Trans-Oka) part of Moscow oblast. The model for an automated soil mapping was realized using ILWIS software. The polygons of alluvial soils were mapped with a higher accuracy via the automated separation of floodplains according to the digital terrain model. The total area of alluvial soils shown on the medium-scale soil map decreased from 373 to 340 km
2
. Calculations of slope angles according to digital terrain models allowed us to localize soil cover patterns with participation of eroded soils with a higher accuracy; their area decreased insignificantly: from 791 to 781 km
2
. Anthropogenically transformed soils of building areas were mapped for the territory of Moscow oblast on the basis of satellite data for the first time. Their areas were delineated taking into account land use types and comprised 551 km
2
, i.e., 15.4% of the total area (3570 km
2
) of the Trans-Oka part of Moscow oblast.
Crop heterogeneity constitutes the basis for taking managerial decisions in precision farming systems. Although the general perception is that heterogeneity within a plot is related to heterogeneity ...of soil cover, this needs further study and remains an active subject of research. This paper examines the relationship between the heterogeneity of different crops in the Tula region of the Russian Federation based on vegetation observations during the period 2015–2020 with the mapping units of a large (scale 1:10,000) soil map. NDVI values calculated from Sentinel-2 satellite data were used as a measure of crop heterogeneity. The comparison of NDVI values and the soil mapping units showed that there is a degree of correlation which, however, was not particularly high. Results indicate that correlation depends on the crop type, the phenological phase of vegetation, as well as on the meteorological conditions during the vegetation season, the soil moisture and the presence of weeds. It could be concluded that the soil map alone cannot be used as a reliable source for explaining crop heterogeneity in the Tula region and that other factors should be considered.
Coarsening or Ostwald ripening occurs in a vast array of two-phase systems. Coarsening results in a decrease in the interfacial area per unit volume and a concomitant increase in the size scale of ...the interfacial morphology. Much is known about the coarsening process in two-phase mixtures consisting of a polydisperse array of spherical particles. In contrast, in many two-phase mixtures, such as those found in two-phase polymers, ceramics, dendritic solid-liquid mixtures and order-disorder transformations, the interfaces are both interconnected and have a spatially varying mean curvature. Here we show that the morphological evolution of these topologically complex systems during coarsening can be quantified by measuring the probability of finding a patch of interface with a given curvature tensor. We find that the morphological evolution is described by the flow of probability density in this curvature space that is induced by the coarsening process. The hallmark of our approach is a close coupling between experiment and theory; we use the experimentally measured three-dimensional microstructure as an input to a phase-field calculation that then determines the flow in curvature space. The methodology is general, and applicable to many systems undergoing coarsening, regardless of their topology.
Optimal control of dynamic econometric models has a wide variety of applications including economic policy relevant issues. There are several algorithms extending the basic case of a linear-quadratic ...optimization and taking nonlinearity and stochastics into account, but being still limited in a variety of ways, e.g., symmetry of the objective function and identical data frequencies of control variables. To overcome these problems, an alternative approach based on heuristics is suggested. To this end, we apply a ‘classical’ algorithm (OPTCON) and a heuristic approach (Differential Evolution) to three different econometric models and compare their performance. In this paper we consider scenarios of symmetric and asymmetric quadratic objective functions. Results provide a strong support for the heuristic approach encouraging its further application to optimum control problems.
The aim of this study was to analyze the transformation specifics of the surface layer in the arable horizons of chernozem, gray forest and soddy-podzolic soils under the impact of atmospheric ...precipitation. The research was carried out using soil samples collected at the key sites and the model experiment results. The soil surface condition, its color, micromorphological features and microtomographic structure, as well as the chemical composition of soil were analyzed. Atmospheric precipitation has been found to change the properties of the surface layer in the arable soil horizon. Changes in the mineralogy are pronounced in the redistribution of minerals between granulometric fractions. The longer the soil surface remains open to alternating precipitation and drying, the more pronounced is the formation of surface wash-out (eluvial) and wash-in (illuvial) microlayers differing in the content of fine dispersed organomineral substances and their structural arrangement. The initial state of humus and the soil texture predetermine peculiar features of microhorizons formed on the surface. In the upper part, a silty or sandy layer is formed with the minimal amount of microaggregates and fine matter; whereas below, the size and number of aggregates increase markedly. The revealed regularities must be taken into account upon remote sensing and mapping soil properties. To assess the humus content in the arable horizon, areal or satellite images of newly plowed and burrowed fields are required. The mineral composition, in turn, is detectable better using the images of transformed arable soil surface.
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