Compactness of the commutator generated by fractional integral operators and Lipschitz functions is characterized, while its boundedness has already been characterized by Shirai.
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of habitual exercise on urinary liver‐type fatty acid‐binding protein (L‐FABP), which can reflect the degree of various stresses on renal proximal ...tubule related to the progression of renal disease, in middle‐aged and older adults. Cross‐sectional and interventional approaches were used to comprehensively achieve this purpose. In the cross‐sectional study, we investigated the relationship between physical activity levels and urinary L‐FABP levels in 130 middle‐aged and older adults. In the interventional study, subjects (n=31) were divided into two groups: exercise (n=19) and control group (n=12), whereby we examined the effects of 12‐week aerobic exercise training on urinary L‐FABP levels. The cross‐sectional study showed that the urinary L‐FABP levels were significantly lower in the higher physical activity group than in the lower physical activity group (P<.05). In the interventional study, 12‐week aerobic exercise training significantly decreased urinary L‐FABP levels (P<.01). Furthermore, the relative changes in urinary L‐FABP levels were significantly correlated with the relative changes in physical activity levels and mean arterial pressure after intervention (r=−.374 and r=.530, respectively). Our results revealed that the urinary L‐FABP levels were lower in the higher physical activity individuals, and aerobic exercise training decreased urinary L‐FABP levels. These results suggest that habitual exercise appears to be associated with a decrease in the degree of several stresses on renal proximal tubule and to be beneficial for kidney health in middle‐aged and older adults.
We consider the modular inequalities for some linear operators on Lebesgue spaces with variable exponent on the complex plane. The main results show that the variable exponent must be constant if ...modular inequalities hold.
Objectives
Fortified milk and resistance training (RT) increase muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in older adults, but it remains unclear whether RT combined with aerobic ...training (AT) would have stronger effects on these outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of aerobic and resistance training (ART) combined with fortified milk consumption on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in older adults.
Design
Open-labeled randomized controlled trial. Setting: University of Tsukuba.
Participants
Fifty-six older adults aged 65-79.
Intervention
Participants were randomly allocated into resistance training (RT + fortified milk, n = 28) and aerobic and resistance training (ART + fortified milk, n = 28) groups. All participants attended supervised exercise programs twice a week at University of Tsukuba and ingested fortified milk every day for 12 weeks. Skeletal muscle index (SMI: appendicular lean mass/ height
2
) was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry as a muscle mass measure. One-repetition maximum strength was measured using four kinds of resistance training machines (chest press, leg extension, leg curl, and leg press) as muscle strength measures. Sit-to-stand and arm curl tests were also assessed as physical performance measures.
Measurements
The primary measurements were muscle mass and strength. The secondary outcomes were physical performance, blood samples, habitual diet, habitual physical activity, and medication use.
Results
Although the muscle strength and physical performance measures significantly improved in both groups, SMI significantly improved in only the RT group. There was no significant difference in the change in SMI and muscle strength measures between the two groups. However, the change in sit-to-stand and arm curl measures in the ART group were significantly higher than those in the RT group.
Conclusions
These results suggest that AT before RT combined with fortified milk consumption has similar effects on skeletal muscle mass and strength compared with RT alone, but it may be a more useful strategy to improve physical performance in older adults. Although the mechanism of our intervention is uncertain, our program would be an effective prevention for sarcopenia in older adults.
Escherichia coli has dispensable genome regions and eliminating them may improve cell use by reducing unnecessary metabolic pathways and complex regulatory networks. Although several strains with ...reduced genomes have already been constructed, there have been no reports of strains constructed with deletions assayed for influence on growth. To retain robust growth and fundamental metabolic pathways, the growth of each deletion strain and combination effects of deletions were checked using M9 minimal medium. Then a new strain, MGF-01, with a 1 Mb reduced genome was constructed by integrating deletions that did not affect growth. MGF-01 grew as well as the wild type in the exponential phase and continued growing after the wild type had entered the stationary phase. The final cell density of MGF-01 was 1.5 times higher than that of the wild-type strain. Using MGF-01 as a production host, a 2.4-fold increase in l-threonine production was achieved.
We discuss here the boundedness of the fractional integral operator Iα and its generalized version on generalized nonhomogeneous Morrey spaces. To prove the boundedness of Iα, we employ the ...boundedness of the so-called maximal fractional integral operator Ia,κ*. In addition, we prove an Olsen-type inequality, which is analogous to that in the case of homogeneous type.
In order to clarify the influence of RE/Ba substitution on superconducting properties on REBCO films in magnetic fields, we fabricated BHO-doped Nd1+xBa2-xCu3Oy films in which Nd composition were ...controlled by PLD method using alternating-targets technique. The Tc of NdBCO(x = 0.01, 0.08) films were about 92K. For the field applied parallel to the c-axis, a Jc and a characteristic magnetic field of the maximum pinning force of the NdBCO(x = 0.08) film increased compared with those of the NdBCO(x = 0.01) film. Additionally, a Jc of a BHO-doped NdBCO(x = 0.08) film improved for all applied angles of magnetic field in 1 T. The forms of Jc-θ curves for the BHO-NdBCO films with x = 0.01 and 0.08 were similar form. Therefore, it is considered that the reason of Jc increase in the BHO-doped NdBCO(x = 0.08) film is introduction of three-dimensional pinning centers of fine Nd/Ba solid solutions and the solid solution do not influence on the BHO growth.
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