Abstract Certain recreational, cultural, occupational, and religious practices may require knee flexion exceeding typical daily living activity needs. Some total knee prostheses mechanically ...accommodate high flexion to help meet such demands, e.g., the Vanguard knee (Biomet, Inc., Warsaw, IN) which can mechanically achieve 140°–145°. This multicenter, prospective clinical study of 957 Vanguard knees (865 patients) examined mid-term outcomes. The Kaplan-Meier survivorship estimate was 97.8% (95% CI: 96.5–98.7%) at 7.0 years. For patients with ≥ 2-year follow-up (n = 627), mean peak flexion increased from 116.8° to 124.8° ( P < 0.001). For knees with pre-operative flexion of < 95°, 95°–105°, and > 105°, the mean increases were 27.8°, 22.0°, and 3.6°, respectively. Mean Knee Society Knee and Function scores increased from 45.9 and 45.5 points to 92.0 and 73.8 points, respectively ( P < 0.001).
Abstract Background Despite pain resolution in most patients after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), poor function persists in approximately 20% of patients and frequently is associated with patient ...dissatisfaction. Lumbar spine problems are a leading cause of functional disability. This study sought to determine the association between lower knee function scores and history of spine disability. Methods Prospective demographic, health, and knee-specific data were collected for 1156 consecutive TKAs from July 2010 to July 2012. A spine questionnaire and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score were obtained from 691 knees. Results Of 691 patients, 371 (54%) with TKA had daily back pain or back pain that limited activity. Oxford Knee Score was significantly worse in patients with vs without back problems preoperatively (36.9/34.8; P = .0006) and postoperatively (20.2/17.0; P < .0001), but not for improvement (16.7/17.8; P = .10). Knee Society (KS) pain scores were similar regardless of spine history. KS function scores were lower in patients with vs without back problems preoperatively (42.3/47.0; P = .0005), postoperatively (69.0/79.8; P < .0001), and for improvement (25.8/32.9; P < .0001). Lower KS function was associated with female gender, age, health, preoperative function, and ODI. ODI was associated with Oxford Knee Score (R = 0.57) and KS function score (R = 0.54). Conclusion Knee function scores were significantly worse in patients with a history of back problems and directly associated with ODI score. KS function scores indicated that TKA patients with back problems had worse function before and after TKA with less improvement. Poor TKA outcomes and dissatisfaction may reflect poor knee function, spine disability, or both. Awareness of coexisting spine disability should guide patient expectations and evaluation of TKA outcomes.
Three-dimensional (3D) Bragg coherent x-ray diffractive imaging (CXDI) with a nanofocused beam was applied to quantitatively map the internal strain field of a single indium phosphide nanowire. The ...quantitative values of the strain were obtained by pre-characterization of the beam profile with transmission ptychography on a test sample. Our measurements revealed the 3D strain distribution in a region of 150 nm below the catalyst Au particle. We observed a slight gradient of the strain in the range of 0.6% along the 111 growth direction of the nanowire. We also determined the spatial resolution in our measurements to be about 10 nm in the direction perpendicular to the facets of the nanowire. The CXDI measurements were compared with the finite element method simulations and show a good agreement with our experimental results. The proposed approach can become an effective tool for in operando studies of the nanowires.
Summary
We used hard X‐ray scanning microscopy with ptychographic coherent diffraction contrast to image a front‐end processed passivated microchip fabricated in 80 nm technology. No sample ...preparation was needed to image buried interconnects and contact layers with a spatial resolution of slightly better than 40 nm. The phase shift in the sample is obtained quantitatively. With the additional knowledge of the elemental composition determined in parallel by X‐ray fluorescence mapping, quantitative information about specific nanostructures is obtained. A significant enhancement in signal‐to‐noise ratio and spatial resolution is achieved compared to conventional hard X‐ray scanning microscopy.
We demonstrate the use of the classical Ronchi test to characterize aberrations in focusing optics at a hard x-ray free-electron laser. A grating is placed close to the focus and the interference ...between the different orders after the grating is observed in the far field. Any aberrations in the beam or the optics will distort the interference fringes. The method is simple to implement and can provide single-shot information about the focusing quality. We used the Ronchi test to measure the aberrations in a nanofocusing Fresnel zone plate at the Linac Coherent Light Source at 8.194 keV.
...upon thorough evaluation, many of these patients are found not to be allergic. ...a systematic approach to the evaluation of such documented medication allergy is necessary especially in the ...Pediatric Oncology population as these patients are vulnerable to infection requiring beta-lactam treatment. Results Of 250 Oncology patients reviewed, 68 (or 27%) have a documented beta-lactam allergy.
Rationale Understanding patients’ expectations in relation to the Allergy/Immunology clinic visit is an important facet of medical communication, and addressing expectations may affect patient ...satisfaction. Methods After IRB approval, a self-report questionnaire was distributed to adult patients following an Allergy/Immunology clinic visit.
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