The lesions of the central nervous system represent an important cause of morbid-mortality in the neonatal period. This is due to the vulnerability of the brain to several adverse conditions during ...gestation and after birth. This study analyses the prevalence and pattern of central nervous system lesions in neonates autopsied at Hospital de Clínicas - Curitiba. There were 5743 pediatric autopsies performed in the Sector of Anatomic Pathology from 1960 to 1995 with 2049 cases corresponding to death during neonatal period. These later autopsies were reviewed and all cases with central nervous system lesions were selected and classified according to sex, age and pattern of central nervous system lesion. The central nervous system was affected in 1616 (78,87%) of neonatal autopsies and there was predominance of intracerebral hemorrhages (73,39%), congenital malformations (4,27%) and infections (3,59%). The hypoxic hemorrhages are the most prevalent central nervous system lesions in the neonatal period, affecting mainly premature babies. There was predominance of central nervous system malformations in the female neonates.
As lesões do sistema nervoso central, resultantes da vulnerabilidade do encéfalo às condições adversas durante a gestação e após o nascimento, representam uma importante causa de morbimortalidade no ...período neonatal. Este estudo visa analisar a prevalência e os padrões das lesões neuropatológicas em neomortos do Hospital de Clínicas de Curitiba. Utilizou-se como fonte de dados o Banco de Necropsia da Unidade de Patologia Perinatal e Pediátrica do Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná - Curitiba, que registra 5743 necropsias realizadas entre os anos de 1960 e 1995. Foram selecionados 2049 casos correspondentes aos laudos de necropsia dos neomortos, os quais foram classificados segundo a faixa etária e o padrão de lesão neuropatológica. Caracterizou-se lesão neuropatológica em 1616 casos (78,87%), observando-se maior prevalência das hemorragias intracranianas (73,39%), malformações congênitas (4,27%) e infecções (3,59%). As hemorragias hipóxicas representaram a lesão neuropatológica mais freqüente entre os neomortos, especialmente entre os prematuros. Houve diferença na prevalência quanto ao gênero apenas nas malformações, que foram mais comuns no sexo feminino.
As lesões do sistema nervoso central, resultantes da vulnerabilidade do encéfalo às condições adversas durante a gestação e após o nascimento, representam uma importante causa de morbimortalidade no ...período neonatal. Este estudo visa analisar a prevalência e os padrões das lesões neuropatológicas em neomortos do Hospital de Clínicas de Curitiba. Utilizou-se como fonte de dados o Banco de Necropsia da Unidade de Patologia Perinatal e Pediátrica do Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná - Curitiba, que registra 5743 necropsias realizadas entre os anos de 1960 e 1995. Foram selecionados 2049 casos correspondentes aos laudos de necropsia dos neomortos, os quais foram classificados segundo a faixa etária e o padrão de lesão neuropatológica. Caracterizou-se lesão neuropatológica em 1616 casos (78,87%), observando-se maior prevalência das hemorragias intracranianas (73,39%), malformações congênitas (4,27%) e infecções (3,59%). As hemorragias hipóxicas representaram a lesão neuropatológica mais freqüente entre os neomortos, especialmente entre os prematuros. Houve diferença na prevalência quanto ao gênero apenas nas malformações, que foram mais comuns no sexo feminino.
The lesions of the central nervous system represent an important cause of morbid-mortality in the neonatal period. This is due to the vulnerability of the brain to several adverse conditions during gestation and after birth. This study analyses the prevalence and pattern of central nervous system lesions in neonates autopsied at Hospital de Clínicas - Curitiba. There were 5743 pediatric autopsies performed in the Sector of Anatomic Pathology from 1960 to 1995 with 2049 cases corresponding to death during neonatal period. These later autopsies were reviewed and all cases with central nervous system lesions were selected and classified according to sex, age and pattern of central nervous system lesion. The central nervous system was affected in 1616 (78,87%) of neonatal autopsies and there was predominance of intracerebral hemorrhages (73,39%), congenital malformations (4,27%) and infections (3,59%). The hypoxic hemorrhages are the most prevalent central nervous system lesions in the neonatal period, affecting mainly premature babies. There was predominance of central nervous system malformations in the female neonates.
Hypoxic-ischaemic injury of the central nervous system (CNS) in newborns is a very prevalent entity affecting 1 to 6 children per 1000 births. This injury may induce severe neurological sequelae. We ...present the analysis of 1028 consecutive cases of hypoxic-ischaemic CNS injuries of haemorrhagic pattern detected in autopsies performed at the Division of Anatomic Pathology, Hospital de Clínicas, University of Paraná, Brazil, from 1960 to 1995. The prevalence of these lesions was high (49.73%) amongst all autopsied newborns. The main types of haemorrhage were microscopical intra-parenchymal haemorrhages, intraventricular and periventricular haemorrhages and subarachnoid foci of bleeding. Our results emphasize that premature children constitute a high risk group for CNS haemorrhage needing special preventive therapeutic procedures to avoid neurological complications.
NMR Spectroscopy: A Useful Tool in the Determination of the Electrophilic Character of Benzofuroxans - Case Examples of the Reactions of Nitrobenzofuroxans with Dienes and Nucleophiles
A study was carried out to compare chemical, rheological and sensory characteristics of cheeses made with milk from two rearing systems (mountain pasture vs indoor lowland) and two periods (July vs ...September). Fifty lactating Italian Simmental cows were used: 25 maintained in lowland cowshed and 25 in mountain pasture. At the beginning of July and September, morning raw milk produced by each of the two experimental groups was processed separately for 4 consecutive days in an experimental mini-cheese dairy, according to traditional production technology of Formai de Malga. Three cheeses for each cheesemaking (48 totally) were ripened for 12 weeks in a ripening cellar with controlled temperature and humidity. Milk and cheese composition were affected both by rearing system and period. Rheological instrumental measurements indicated that only rearing system affected texture properties: mountain cheeses were less hard and more adhesive than lowland cheeses. Triangular test performed to compare different rearing systems showed that lowland cheeses were different from mountain cheeses in both periods. Aroma differences between mountain and lowland cheeses were related principally to terpenes and sulphur compounds presence
E´ stato effettuato uno studio per confrontare le caratteristiche chimiche, reologiche e sensoriali di formaggi prodotti da vacche alimentate con erba al pascolo o con foraggi secchi in stalla. Sono state utilizzate 50 vacche di razza Pezzata Rossa in lattazione: 25 allevate al pascolo montano e le rimanenti in una stalla di pianura. All´inizio di luglio e di settembre, il latte crudo della mungitura della mattina di ciascuno dei due gruppi sperimentali è stato caseificato separatamente per 4 giorni consecutivi in un minicaseificio sperimentale, in accordo con la tecnologia di produzione del Formai de Malga. Tre formaggi per ogni lavorazione (complessivamente 48) sono stati stagionati per 12 settimane a temperatura e umidità controllate. Le misure reologiche strumentali hanno indicato che solo il sistema di allevamento ha influenzato la texture: i formaggi di montagna sono risultati meno duri e più adesivi rispetto a quelli di fondovalle. Il test triangolare ha dimostrato che i formaggi prodotti in pianura sono differenti da quelli prodotti in montagna in entrambi i periodi. Le differenze aromatiche tra i formaggi hanno riguardato principalmente la presenza di terpeni e di composti solforati principalmente nei formaggi di montagna
Seventy-nine patients with aortic valve disease were studied invasively between 1966 and 1980 but were not operated upon because they were not symptomatic or the valve lesion was hemodynamically not ...severe enough. 65 patients were followed up for an average observation period of 7.8 years. Aortic stenosis was found in 11 patients, aortic insufficiency in 25 and combined aortic valve lesions in 29. Four patients died during the follow-up (2 sudden deaths, 2 from chronic heart failure). Eight patients underwent aortic valve replacement. Cumulative survival rate was 98% after 5 years and 92% after 10 years. Event-free rate (no deaths, no operation) was 100% in aortic stenosis, 83% in aortic insufficiency and 96% in combined valve lesions after 5 years, and 82%, 71% and 87% after 10 years. Patients with no cardiac events (group 1, n = 53) were initially less symptomatic (NYHA class 1.6 versus 2.3, p less than 0.01), had less dyspnea (36% versus 75%, p less than 0.01), less chest pain (21% versus 50%, p less than 0.05) and less frequent left ventricular hypertrophy in the ECG (25% versus 64%, p less than 0.01) than patients who died or were operated on during the follow-up (group 2, n = 12). Cardiac catheterization revealed lower left ventricular enddiastolic pressure in group 1 (12 versus 16 mm Hg, p less than 0.01) and a lower aortic regurgitant fraction (0.22 versus 0.37, p less than 0.02) than in group 2.
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