The essential oil obtained from Cunila incana, a wild plant from South Brazil, was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The main volatile compounds were the sesquiterpenes beta-caryophyllene (11.12% + 0,15), ...palustrol (10.99% + 0,81), germacrene D (10.99% + 0,81), and the monoterpene (E)-beta-ocimene (10.36% + 0,48). Differing from the essential oil obtained from the others Cunila species, C. incana essential oil showed low concentration of monoterpenes (20.66%) and high sesquiterpenes (59.94%) content.
The present study aimed to determine the influence of water pH on survival of curimbatá, Prochilodus lineatus, larvae. Forty-five 2-l glass aquaria with artificial aeration and no water exchange were ...stocked at a density of 10 larvae l⁻¹. The pH values used as treatments were 3.7 ± 0.0, 4.0 ± 0.0, 4.4 ± 0.2, 4.6 ± 0.2, 4.8 ± 0.2, 5.1 ± 0.2, 5.3 ± 0.2, 5.6 ± 0.2, 7.2 ± 0.2, 8.7 ± 0.4, 9.0 ± 0.4, 9.2 ± 0.4, 9.4 ± 0.6, 9.7 ± 0.5 and 10.0 ± 0.5 in a completely random experimental design with three repetitions. Water pH was maintained by the addition of NaOH or H₂SO₄ solutions. After 72 h of experiment, no survival was registered at pH below 4.6, 1.5% survival at pH 4.6, and about 50% survival at pH 9.4 and above. Survival rates between 70 and 80% were registered at pH 4.8-5.6 and at pH 7.2, whereas over 90% survival was registered at pH between 8.7 and 9.2.
We present the dimensioning of a photon–photon collider based on conventional Compton gamma sources for the observation of secondary γγ production. Two symmetric electron beams in collision with two ...high energy lasers produce two primary gamma rays pulses through Compton back scattering. Tuning the energy of the system to the energy of the photon–photon cross section maximum, a flux of secondary gamma photons is generated. The Monte Carlo code ‘Rate Of Scattering Events’ (ROSE) has been developed adhoc for the counting of the QED events. The benchmark of the code for the Compton scattering process is presented. Realistic numbers of the secondary gamma yield, referring to existing or approved set-ups are presented.
EuPRAXIA Conceptual Design Report Weikum, M. K.; Alexandrova, A. S.; Anania, M. P. ...
The European physical journal. ST, Special topics,
12/2020, Letnik:
229, Številka:
24
Journal Article
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This report presents the conceptual design of a new European research infrastructure EuPRAXIA. The concept has been established over the last four years in a unique collaboration of 41 laboratories ...within a Horizon 2020 design study funded by the European Union. EuPRAXIA is the first European project that develops a dedicated particle accelerator research infrastructure based on novel plasma acceleration concepts and laser technology. It focuses on the development of electron accelerators and underlying technologies, their user communities, and the exploitation of existing accelerator infrastructures in Europe. EuPRAXIA has involved, amongst others, the international laser community and industry to build links and bridges with accelerator science — through realising synergies, identifying disruptive ideas, innovating, and fostering knowledge exchange. The Eu-PRAXIA project aims at the construction of an innovative electron accelerator using laser- and electron-beam-driven plasma wakefield acceleration that offers a significant reduction in size and possible savings in cost over current state-of-the-art radiofrequency-based accelerators. The foreseen electron energy range of one to five gigaelectronvolts (GeV) and its performance goals will enable versatile applications in various domains, e.g. as a compact free-electron laser (FEL), compact sources for medical imaging and positron generation, table-top test beams for particle detectors, as well as deeply penetrating X-ray and gamma-ray sources for material testing. EuPRAXIA is designed to be the required stepping stone to possible future plasma-based facilities, such as linear colliders at the high-energy physics (HEP) energy frontier. Consistent with a high-confidence approach, the project includes measures to retire risk by establishing scaled technology demonstrators. This report includes preliminary models for project implementation, cost and schedule that would allow operation of the full Eu-PRAXIA facility within 8—10 years.
Both lipid-modifying therapy and antioxidant vitamins are thought to have benefit in patients with coronary disease. We studied simvastatin-niacin and antioxidant-vitamin therapy, alone and together, ...for cardiovascular protection in patients with coronary disease and low plasma levels of HDL.
In a three-year, double-blind trial, 160 patients with coronary disease, low HDL cholesterol levels and normal LDL cholesterol levels were randomly assigned to receive one of four regimens: simvastatin plus niacin, vitamins, simvastatin-niacin plus antioxidants; or placebos. The end points were arteriographic evidence of a change in coronary stenosis and the occurrence of a first cardiovascular event (death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or revascularization).
The mean levels of LDL and HDL cholesterol were unaltered in the antioxidant group and the placebo group; these levels changed substantially (by -42 percent and +26 percent, respectively) in the simvastatin-niacin group. The protective increase in HDL2 with simvastatin plus niacin was attenuated by concurrent therapy with antioxidants. The average stenosis progressed by 3.9 percent with placebos, 1.8 percent with antioxidants (P=0.16 for the comparison with the placebo group), and 0.7 percent with simvastatin-niacin plus antioxidants (P=0.004) and regressed by 0.4 percent with simvastatin-niacin alone (P<0.001). The frequency of the clinical end point was 24 percent with placebos; 3 percent with simvastatin-niacin alone; 21 percent in the antioxidant-therapy group; and 14 percent in the simvastatin-niacin-plus-antioxidants group.
Simvastatin plus niacin provides marked clinical and angiographically measurable benefits in patients with coronary disease and low HDL levels. The use of antioxidant vitamins in this setting must be questioned.
Plasma driven particle accelerators represent the future of compact accelerating machines and Free Electron Lasers are going to benefit from these new technologies. One of the main issue of this new ...approach to FEL machines is the design of the transfer line needed to match of the electron-beam with the magnetic undulators. Despite the reduction of the chromaticity of plasma beams is one of the main goals, the target of this line is to be effective even in cases of beams with a considerable value of chromaticity. The method here explained is based on the code GIOTTO (Bacci et al., 2016) that works using a homemade genetic algorithm and that is capable of finding optimal matching line layouts directly using a full 3D tracking code.
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