ABSTRACT
Beyond ΛCDM, physics or systematic errors may cause subsets of a cosmological data set to appear inconsistent when analysed assuming ΛCDM. We present an application of internal consistency ...tests to measurements from the Dark Energy Survey Year 1 (DES Y1) joint probes analysis. Our analysis relies on computing the posterior predictive distribution (PPD) for these data under the assumption of ΛCDM. We find that the DES Y1 data have an acceptable goodness of fit to ΛCDM, with a probability of finding a worse fit by random chance of p = 0.046. Using numerical PPD tests, supplemented by graphical checks, we show that most of the data vector appears completely consistent with expectations, although we observe a small tension between large- and small-scale measurements. A small part (roughly 1.5 per cent) of the data vector shows an unusually large departure from expectations; excluding this part of the data has negligible impact on cosmological constraints, but does significantly improve the p-value to 0.10. The methodology developed here will be applied to test the consistency of DES Year 3 joint probes data sets.
ABSTRACT
We present direct constraints on galaxy intrinsic alignments (IAs) using the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 (DES Y3), the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS), and its ...precursor, the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS). Our measurements incorporate photometric red sequence (redMaGiC) galaxies from DES with median redshift z ∼ 0.2–1.0, luminous red galaxies from eBOSS at z ∼ 0.8, and also an SDSS-III BOSS CMASS sample at z ∼ 0.5. We measure two-point IA correlations, which we fit using a model that includes lensing, magnification, and photometric redshift error. Fitting on scales 6 Mpc h−1 < rp < 70 Mpc h−1, we make a detection of IAs in each sample, at 5σ–22σ (assuming a simple one-parameter model for IAs). Using these red samples, we measure the IA–luminosity relation. Our results are statistically consistent with previous results, but offer a significant improvement in constraining power, particularly at low luminosity. With this improved precision, we see detectable dependence on colour between broadly defined red samples. It is likely that a more sophisticated approach than a binary red/blue split, which jointly considers colour and luminosity dependence in the IA signal, will be needed in future. We also compare the various signal components at the best-fitting point in parameter space for each sample, and find that magnification and lensing contribute $\sim 2\!-\!18~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of the total signal. As precision continues to improve, it will certainly be necessary to account for these effects in future direct IA measurements. Finally, we make equivalent measurements on a sample of emission-line galaxies from eBOSS at z ∼ 0.8. We constrain the non-linear alignment amplitude to be $A_1=0.07^{+0.32}_{-0.42}$ (|A1| < 0.78 at 95 per cent CL).
Results of a search for physics beyond the Standard Model in events containing an energetic photon and large missing transverse momentum with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider are ...reported. As the number of events observed in data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb
-
1
of proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of
13
TeV
, is in agreement with the Standard Model expectations, model-independent limits are set on the fiducial cross section for the production of events in this final state. Exclusion limits are also placed in models where dark-matter candidates are pair-produced. For dark-matter production via an axial-vector or a vector mediator in the
s
-channel, this search excludes mediator masses below 750–
1200
GeV
for dark-matter candidate masses below 230–
480
GeV
at 95% confidence level, depending on the couplings. In an effective theory of dark-matter production, the limits restrict the value of the suppression scale
M
∗
to be above
790
GeV
at 95% confidence level. A limit is also reported on the production of a high-mass scalar resonance by processes beyond the Standard Model, in which the resonance decays to
Z
γ
and the
Z
boson subsequently decays into neutrinos.
ABSTRACT
Obtaining accurate distributions of galaxy redshifts is a critical aspect of weak lensing cosmology experiments. One of the methods used to estimate and validate redshift distributions is to ...apply weights to a spectroscopic sample, so that their weighted photometry distribution matches the target sample. In this work, we estimate the selection bias in redshift that is introduced in this procedure. We do so by simulating the process of assembling a spectroscopic sample (including observer-assigned confidence flags) and highlight the impacts of spectroscopic target selection and redshift failures. We use the first year (Y1) weak lensing analysis in Dark Energy Survey (DES) as an example data set but the implications generalize to all similar weak lensing surveys. We find that using colour cuts that are not available to the weak lensing galaxies can introduce biases of up to Δz ∼ 0.04 in the weighted mean redshift of different redshift intervals (Δz ∼ 0.015 in the case most relevant to DES). To assess the impact of incompleteness in spectroscopic samples, we select only objects with high observer-defined confidence flags and compare the weighted mean redshift with the true mean. We find that the mean redshift of the DES Y1 weak lensing sample is typically biased at the Δz = 0.005−0.05 level after the weighting is applied. The bias we uncover can have either sign, depending on the samples and redshift interval considered. For the highest redshift bin, the bias is larger than the uncertainties in the other DES Y1 redshift calibration methods, justifying the decision of not using this method for the redshift estimations. We discuss several methods to mitigate this bias.
Sudden Cardiac Death in Professional Soccer Players Santos-Lozano, Alejandro; Martín-Hernández, Juan; Baladrón, Carlos ...
Journal of the American College of Cardiology,
09/2017, Letnik:
70, Številka:
11
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Soccer is a demanding sport: during a 90-min game, professional players run about 10 km at high average intensities (close to the anaerobic threshold, at 80% to 90% of maximal heart rate) and with ...numerous explosive bursts (e.g., jumping, sprinting) (2). ...active players with undetected cardiovascular abnormalities may be at risk for exertional SCD. Table 1 List of All Documented Cardiac-Related Deaths (SCDs) Among Professional Soccer Players Since 2000 (All Men) Three cases are not shown in the table: 1 player (age 31 years) had an acute myocardial ischemic episode with resuscitated VT during a match in the Spanish league, second division (2010); 1 player (age 24 years) experienced cardiac arrest and collapsed during a match in the Football Association Challenge Cup (2012) for 78 minutes and was resuscitated afterward; and 1 player (age 21 years) had an arrhythmia during a match in the Belgian league (2009) and was resuscitated by an internal cardioverter-defibrillator (implanted after having an undetermined heart condition diagnosed in 2008).? = unknown; ARVC = arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy; C = collapse; CA = cardiac arrest; HA = heart attack; HCM = hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; S = stroke; SCD = sudden cardiac death; T&T = Trinidad & Tobago; VT = ventricular tachycardia; UAE = United Arab Emirates; UK = United Kingdom. No No Ivory Coast 2012 21 C Yes Yes Yes Romania 2017 35 HA ? ? No Botswana 2012 27 CA Yes Yes Yes India 1 J. Scharhag, P. Bohm, J. Dvorak, T. Meyer, F-MARC: the FIFA Sudden Death Registry (FIFA-SDR), Br J Sports Med, Vol. 49, 2015, 563-565 2 T. Stolen, K. Chamari, C. Castagna, U. Wisloff, Physiology of soccer: an update, Sports Med, Vol. 35, 2005, 501-536 3 J.H. Kim, R. Malhotra, G. Chiampas, Cardiac arrest during long-distance running races, N Engl J Med, Vol. 366, 2012, 130-140 4 D. Corrado, C. Basso, A. Pavei, P. Michieli, M. Schiavon, G. Thiene, Trends in sudden cardiovascular death in young competitive athletes after implementation of a preparticipation screening program, JAMA, Vol. 296, 2006, 1593-1601 5 D. Mohananey, A. Masri, R.M. Desai, Global incidence of sports-related sudden cardiac death, J Am Coll Cardiol, Vol. 69, 2017, 2672-2673
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•Bedaquiline was successfully encapsulated in different nanoemulsion-based nanocarriers.•High encapsulation efficiency and in vitro activity comparable to the free drug were ...observed.•No cytotoxicity was observed at nanocarrier concentrations needed to kill the bacteria.•Preliminary microscopy results showed a close interaction of carriers with bacteria surface.•Results open the way for a future safer employment of bedaquiline against M. tuberculosis.
In the last years, the increase in antimicrobial resistance, together with a lack of new drugs for the treatment of bacterial infections resistant to classical antibiotics are of growing concern. Moreover, some of current therapies induce severe side effects and are often difficult to administer. In 2012 the FDA approved the use of bedaquiline, as the first new very effective drug against TB in the last 40 years. Despite its effectiveness, unfortunately bedaquiline side effects can be so dangerous that at present it is to be prescribed only when no other treatment options are available. The development of effective and safe nanotechnology-based methods can be particularly relevant to increase antimicrobial concentration at the site of infection, to reduce doses in the general circulation, which in turn reduces adverse effects. In this work bedaquiline was encapsulated in two types of nanocarriers, lipid nanoparticles and chitosan-based nanocapsules with high encapsulation efficiency and drug loading values. The efficacy of the drug-encapsulating nanocarriers has been demonstrated in vitro against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, together with the excellent compatibility of both carriers with animal cells. The obtained results open the way for further studies on multi-drug resistant strains of M. tuberculosis and for in vivo studies of the optimized nanocarriers. The promising behaviour of drug-loaded nanocarriers will hopefully lead to a reduction of the administered doses of a quite dangerous drug as bedaquiline, tuning its biodistribution and so decreasing its adverse effects, finally allowing its use in a higher number of patients.
We combine Dark Energy Survey Year 1 clustering and weak lensing data with baryon acoustic oscillations and Big Bang nucleosynthesis experiments to constrain the Hubble constant. Assuming a flat ΛCDM ...model with minimal neutrino mass (∑m_ν = 0.06 eV), we find |$H_0=67.4^{+1.1}_{-1.2}\ \rm {km\,\rm s^{-1}\,\rm Mpc^{-1}}$| (68 per cent CL). This result is completely independent of Hubble constant measurements based on the distance ladder, cosmic microwave background anisotropies (both temperature and polarization), and strong lensing constraints. There are now five data sets that: (a) have no shared observational systematics; and (b) each constrains the Hubble constant with fractional uncertainty at the few-per cent level. We compare these five independent estimates, and find that, as a set, the differences between them are significant at the 2.5σ level (χ^2/dof = 24/11, probability to exceed = 1.1 per cent). Having set the threshold for consistency at 3σ, we combine all five data sets to arrive at |$H_0=69.3^{+0.4}_{-0.6}\ \rm {km\,\mathrm{ s}^{-1}\,\mathrm{ Mpc}^{-1}}$|.
This Letter presents the observation and measurement of electroweak production of a same-sign W boson pair in association with two jets using 36.1 fb−1 of proton-proton collision data recorded at a ...center-of-mass energy of s=13 TeV by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The analysis is performed in the detector fiducial phase-space region, defined by the presence of two same-sign leptons, electron or muon, and at least two jets with a large invariant mass and rapidity difference. A total of 122 candidate events are observed for a background expectation of 69±7 events, corresponding to an observed signal significance of 6.5 standard deviations. The measured fiducial signal cross section is σfid=2.89−0.48+0.51(stat)−0.28+0.29(syst) fb.
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