Little is known about the prevalence and impact of insomnia on clinical outcomes in youth with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). This study aimed to investigate this subject.
A total of 193 ...patients from a specialist pediatric OCD clinic completed a range of diagnostic and clinical measures, including the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Patients scoring above a previously validated cut-off on the ISI (score ≥9) were compared to the rest of the sample on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. In a subsample of 143 (from the initial 193) patients who were treated at the clinic, a mixed-model analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the outcomes of multimodal OCD treatment in the insomnia (N = 60) vs no insomnia (N = 83) groups. The primary outcome measure was the clinician-administered Children's Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) at post-treatment and at three-month follow-up.
The psychometric properties of the ISI in our sample were excellent. At baseline, 42% (81/193) of the sample scored above the ISI cut-off for clinical insomnia. These participants had significantly higher OCD severity, higher rates of psychiatric comorbidities, more severe depressive symptoms, poorer general functioning, and were more likely to take sleep medications, compared to those who scored below the ISI cut-off. In the treated subsample, while the insomnia group remained more severely affected through the three time-points, both groups improved similarly on the CY-BOCS at post-treatment and at three-month follow-up.
Insomnia is relatively common in pediatric OCD and is associated with more severe psychopathology. However, with adequate multimodal, evidence-based treatment, these patients can improve as much as those without insomnia.
•Insomnia is common among young people with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD).•Insomnia in OCD is associated with more severe psychopathology and worse functioning.•Insomnia does not seem to interfere with response to multimodal treatment for OCD.
Measurements of the W±→ℓ±ν and Z→ℓ+ℓ− production cross sections (where ℓ±=e±,μ±) in proton–proton collisions at s=13 TeV are presented using data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron ...Collider, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 81 pb−1. The total inclusive W±-boson production cross sections times the single-lepton-flavour branching ratios are σW+tot=11.83±0.02 (stat)±0.32 (sys)±0.25 (lumi) nb and σW−tot=8.79±0.02 (stat)±0.24 (sys)±0.18 (lumi) nb for W+ and W−, respectively. The total inclusive Z-boson production cross section times leptonic branching ratio, within the invariant mass window 66<mℓℓ<116 GeV, is σZtot=1.981±0.007 (stat)±0.038 (sys)±0.042 (lumi) nb. The W+, W−, and Z-boson production cross sections and cross-section ratios within a fiducial region defined by the detector acceptance are also measured. The cross-section ratios benefit from significant cancellation of experimental uncertainties, resulting in σW+fid/σW−fid=1.295±0.003 (stat)±0.010 (sys) and σW±fid/σZfid=10.31±0.04 (stat)±0.20 (sys). Theoretical predictions, based on calculations accurate to next-to-next-to-leading order for quantum chromodynamics and to next-to-leading order for electroweak processes and which employ different parton distribution function sets, are compared to these measurements.
A
bstract
Constraints on selected mediator-based dark matter models and a scalar dark energy model using up to 37 fb
−1
s
= 13 TeV
pp
collision data collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC during ...2015-2016 are summarised in this paper. The results of experimental searches in a variety of final states are interpreted in terms of a set of spin-1 and spin-0 single-mediator dark matter simplified models and a second set of models involving an extended Higgs sector plus an additional vector or pseudo-scalar mediator. The searches considered in this paper constrain spin-1 leptophobic and leptophilic mediators, spin-0 colour-neutral and colour-charged mediators and vector or pseudo-scalar mediators embedded in extended Higgs sector models. In this case, also
s
= 8 TeV
pp
collision data are used for the interpretation of the results. The results are also interpreted for the first time in terms of light scalar particles that could contribute to the accelerating expansion of the universe (dark energy).
We present a photometric follow-up of transiting exoplanets HAT-P-3b and TrES-3b, observed by using several optical and near-infrared filters, with four small-class telescopes (D = 36-152 cm) in the ...Northern Hemisphere. Two of the facilities present their first scientific results. New 10 HAT-P-3b light curves and new 26 TrES-3b light curves are reduced and combined by filter to improve the quality of the photometry. Combined light curves fitting is carried out independently by using two different analysis packages, allowing the corroboration of the orbital and physical parameters in the literature. Results find no differences in the relative radius with the observing filter. In particular, we report for HAT-P-3b a first estimation of the planet-to-star radius R p R * = 0.1112 − 0.0026 + 0.0025 in the B band which is coherent with values found in the VRIz′JH filters. Concerning TrES-3b, we derive a value for the orbital period of P = 1.3061862 0.0000001 days which shows no linear variations over nine years of photometric observations.
ABSTRACT
Galaxies and galaxy groups located along the line of sight towards gravitationally lensed quasars produce high-order perturbations of the gravitational potential at the lens position. When ...these perturbation are too large, they can induce a systematic error on H0 of a few per cent if the lens system is used for cosmological inference and the perturbers are not explicitly accounted for in the lens model. In this work, we present a detailed characterization of the environment of the lens system WFI 2033−4723 ($z_{\rm src} =\,$1.662, $z_{\rm lens}=\,$0.6575), one of the core targets of the H0LiCOW project for which we present cosmological inferences in a companion paper. We use the Gemini and ESO-Very Large telescopes to measure the spectroscopic redshifts of the brightest galaxies towards the lens, and use the ESO-MUSE integral field spectrograph to measure the velocity-dispersion of the lens ($\sigma _{\rm {los}}= 250^{+15}_{-21}$ km s−1) and of several nearby galaxies. In addition, we measure photometric redshifts and stellar masses of all galaxies down to i < 23 mag, mainly based on Dark Energy Survey imaging (DR1). Our new catalogue, complemented with literature data, more than doubles the number of known galaxy spectroscopic redshifts in the direct vicinity of the lens, expanding to 116 (64) the number of spectroscopic redshifts for galaxies separated by less than 3 arcmin (2 arcmin ) from the lens. Using the flexion-shift as a measure of the amplitude of the gravitational perturbation, we identify two galaxy groups and three galaxies that require specific attention in the lens models. The ESO MUSE data enable us to measure the velocity-dispersions of three of these galaxies. These results are essential for the cosmological inference analysis presented in Rusu et al.
A search for the associated production of the Higgs boson with a top quark pair (tt¯H) is reported. The search is performed in multilepton final states using a data set corresponding to an integrated ...luminosity of 36.1 fb−1 of proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at a center-of-mass energy s=13 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. Higgs boson decays to WW*, ττ, and ZZ* are targeted. Seven final states, categorized by the number and flavor of charged-lepton candidates, are examined for the presence of the Standard Model Higgs boson with a mass of 125 GeV and a pair of top quarks. An excess of events over the expected background from Standard Model processes is found with an observed significance of 4.1 standard deviations, compared to an expectation of 2.8 standard deviations. The best fit for the tt¯H production cross section is σ(tt¯H)=790−210+230 fb, in agreement with the Standard Model prediction of 507−50+35 fb. The combination of this result with other tt¯H searches from the ATLAS experiment using the Higgs boson decay modes to bb¯, γγ and ZZ*→4ℓ, has an observed significance of 4.2 standard deviations, compared to an expectation of 3.8 standard deviations. This provides evidence for the tt¯H production mode.
A
bstract
This paper reports searches for heavy resonances decaying into
ZZ
or
ZW
using data from proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of
s
=
13
TeV. The data, corresponding to an ...integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb
−1
, were recorded with the ATLAS detector in 2015 and 2016 at the Large Hadron Collider. The searches are performed in final states in which one
Z
boson decays into either a pair of light charged leptons (electrons and muons) or a pair of neutrinos, and the associated
W
boson or the other
Z
boson decays hadronically. No evidence of the production of heavy resonances is observed. Upper bounds on the production cross sections of heavy resonances times their decay branching ratios to
ZZ
or
ZW
are derived in the mass range 300-5000GeV within the context of Standard Model extensions with additional Higgs bosons, a heavy vector triplet or warped extra dimensions. Production through gluon-gluon fusion, Drell-Yan or vector-boson fusion are considered, depending on the assumed model.
A search for a heavy neutral Higgs boson, A, decaying into a Z boson and another heavy Higgs boson, H, is performed using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb−1 from ...proton–proton collisions at s=13 TeV recorded in 2015 and 2016 by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The search considers the Z boson decaying to electrons or muons and the H boson into a pair of b-quarks. No evidence for the production of an A boson is found. Considering each production process separately, the 95% confidence-level upper limits on the pp→A→ZH production cross-section times the branching ratio H→bb are in the range of 14–830 fb for the gluon–gluon fusion process and 26–570 fb for the b-associated process for the mass ranges 130–700 GeV of the H boson and 230–800 GeV of the A boson. The results are interpreted in the context of two-Higgs-doublet models.
ABSTRACT
What are the mass and galaxy profiles of cosmic voids? In this paper, we use two methods to extract voids in the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 1 redMaGiC galaxy sample to address this ...question. We use either 2D slices in projection, or the 3D distribution of galaxies based on photometric redshifts to identify voids. For the mass profile, we measure the tangential shear profiles of background galaxies to infer the excess surface mass density. The signal-to-noise ratio for our lensing measurement ranges between 10.7 and 14.0 for the two void samples. We infer their 3D density profiles by fitting models based on N-body simulations and find good agreement for void radii in the range 15–85 Mpc. Comparison with their galaxy profiles then allows us to test the relation between mass and light at the 10 per cent level, the most stringent test to date. We find very similar shapes for the two profiles, consistent with a linear relationship between mass and light both within and outside the void radius. We validate our analysis with the help of simulated mock catalogues and estimate the impact of photometric redshift uncertainties on the measurement. Our methodology can be used for cosmological applications, including tests of gravity with voids. This is especially promising when the lensing profiles are combined with spectroscopic measurements of void dynamics via redshift-space distortions.
We investigate the stability properties and flow regimes of laminar wakes behind slender cylindrical bodies, of diameter D and length L, with a blunt trailing edge at zero angle of attack, combining ...experiments, direct numerical simulations and local/global linear stability analyses. It has been found that the flow field is steady and axisymmetric for Reynolds numbers below a critical value, Recs (L/D), which depends on the length-to-diameter ratio of the body, L/D. However, in the range of Reynolds numbers Recs(L/D) < Re < Reco(L/D), although the flow is still steady, it is no longer axisymmetric but exhibits planar symmetry. Finally, for Re > Reco, the flow becomes unsteady due to a second oscillatory bifurcation which preserves the reflectional symmetry. In addition, as the Reynolds number increases, we report a new flow regime, characterized by the presence of a secondary, low frequency oscillation while keeping the reflectional symmetry. The results reported indicate that a global linear stability analysis is adequate to predict the first bifurcation, thereby providing values of Recs nearly identical to those given by the corresponding numerical simulations. On the other hand, experiments and direct numerical simulations give similar values of Reco for the second, oscillatory bifurcation, which are however overestimated by the linear stability analysis due to the use of an axisymmetric base flow. It is also shown that both bifurcations can be stabilized by injecting a certain amount of fluid through the base of the body, quantified here as the bleed-to-free-stream velocity ratio, Cb = Wb/W∞.
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