The triumph of Zionism has clouded recollection of competing forms of Jewish nationalism vying for power a century ago. This study explores alternative ways to construct the modern Jewish nation. ...Jewish nationalism emerges from this book as a Diaspora phenomenon much broader than the Zionist movement. Like its non-Jewish counterparts, Jewish nationalism was first and foremost a movement to nationalize Jews, to construct a modern Jewish nation while simultaneously masking its very modernity. Diaspora Nationalism and Jewish Identity in Habsburg Galicia traces this process in what was the second largest Jewish community in Europe, Galicia. The history of this vital but very much understudied community of Jews fills a critical lacuna in existing scholarship while revisiting the broader question of how Jewish nationalism - or indeed any modern nationalism - was born. Based on a wide variety of sources, many newly uncovered, this study challenges the still-dominant Zionist narrative by demonstrating that Jewish nationalism was a part of the rising nationalist movements in Europe.
The Politics of Defining Antisemitism Shanes, Joshua
Shofar (West Lafayette, Ind.),
2022, 2022-00-00, 20220101, Letnik:
40, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The Jerusalem Declaration opens with a more concise definition-"Antisemitism is discrimination, prejudice, hostility or violence against Jews as Jews (orjewish institutions as Jewish)"-and then ...develops examples more fully and methodically, with a clear intention of responding to potential overreach regarding IHRA, in some cases affirming but in others countering explicit or implicit assumptions of antisemitism in the earlier document.5 As a result, a vigorous and often personal public debate quickly broke out, as advocates of the earlier definition rallied to defend their preference. ...IHRAs concern about criticizing Israel by a "double standard" has often been interpreted to mean that anyone who protests Israeli human rights violations without equal or perhaps even more attention to other, worse countries has a "double standard" and is therefore presumed guilty of antisemitism. "14 While superficially resonant, this is a false comparison that ignores the distinction between the economic boycott of a state, which has an organized leadership directing state power and thus can respond to a campaign of economic pressure, and the economic boycott of a religious community that does not.1-' Even targeted boycotts ofWest Bank settlements-settlements viewed as criminal by most of the world-are labeled "antisemitic" by Israel supporters on the right and left with reference to IHRAs language of "double standard. Is it like U.S. Supreme Court Justice Potter Stewart s famous threshold test for "hard-core pornography": "I know it when I see it, and the motion picture involved in this case is not that"?19 Are we left with this amorphous, subjective definition that is
Benjamin Netanyahu and his allies have recently embraced ethnonationalists and even outspoken antisemites such as Hungarian prime minister Viktor Orbán as friends of the Jewish state and opponents of ...antisemitism, and they have even engaged in antisemitism themselves. This has deep roots in Zionist history but is expressed today in radically new ways. This article concisely explicates the nature of modern antisemitism, its relationship to earlier forms of anti-Jewish animosity, and documents how Orbán and Netanyahu are promoting antisemitism today while cynically redefining the term to exculpate themselves and condemn their political opponents on the Left as the real antisemites.
Over the past few decades, Orthodox Jews have increasingly coalesced around an ethno-nationalist identity that embraces the political Right and its ultra-nationalist worldview-both in America and in ...Israel-as a religious foundation united against the threat of the cultural Left.
Ahron Marcus (1843–1916), a committed Hasid and an active player in the early Zionist movement until his withdrawal in late 1900, developed a form of Jewish identity and politics that combined his ...Hasidic piety with deep adoration for Theodor Herzl and political Zionism, precisely at the moment that Orthodoxy was closing its ranks against the Zionist movement. This article gathers a wide range of sources on Marcus, particularly his Zionist-supported newspaper and nearly two dozen surviving letters between Marcus and Herzl, to establish the history and development of this Zionist and to consider its implications for the history of Zionism and political Orthodoxy. I argue that Marcus's attempt to link political Zionism with Hasidic Orthodoxy both theologically and politically—by uniting the Zionist Organization with major Hasidic leaders while remaining within traditional society—was an intriguing exploration of Jewish identity beyond the existing typologies of eastern European Jewry.
The New JewishCanon is both text and textbook of the Jewishintellectual and communal zeitgeist for the contemporary period.With both primary sources and analytical essays by leading scholars, this ...book offers a conceptual roadmap to make sense of the mass production and proliferation of new Jewish ideas in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.
