We report two cases of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL), which had subsequently developed after successful treatment of visceral leishmaniasis with miltefosine. Both patients had ...maculo-nodular lesions all over the body, and they were diagnosed as PKDL by parasitologic examination for Leishmania donovani bodies in a skin snip of lesions. Patients were put on amphotericin B and responded very well for nodular lesions with one course of treatment. However, longer duration of the treatment is needed for total clearance of macular lesions from body surface in PKDL cases. This is the first case report of PKDL in India, which developed after successful treatment of visceral leishmaniasis with miltefosine.
Germplasm storage of Phyllanthus fraternus by using synseed technology has been optimized. Synseeds were prepared from nodal segments taken from in vitro-grown plantlets. An encapsulation matrix of ...3 % sodium alginate and 100 mM calcium chloride with polymerization duration up to 15 min was found most suitable for synseed formation. Maximum plantlet conversion (92.5 ± 2.5 %) was obtained on a growth regulator-free ½-strength solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. Multiple shoot proliferation was optimum on a ½ MS medium containing 0.5 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Shoots were subjected to rooting on MS media containing 1 mg/l α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and acclimatized successfully. Encapsulated nodal segments can be stored for up to 90 days with a survival frequency of 47.33 %. The clonal fidelity of synseed-derived plantlets was also assessed and compared with that of the mother plant using rapid amplified polymorphic DNA and inter-simple sequence repeat analysis. No changes in molecular profiles were observed among the synseed-derived plantlets and mother plant, which confirms the genetic stability of regenerates. This synseed production protocol could be useful for in vitro multiplication, short-term storage, and exchange of germplasm of this important antiviral and hepatoprotective plant.
An elegant synthetic strategy was adopted for the preparation of N‐triazolo methyl substituted fluoroquinolones 4 and screened for their antimicrobial activity. The synthetic methodology starts from ...N‐propargylation of ethyl 7‐chloro‐6‐fluoro‐4‐hydroxyquinoline‐3‐carboxylate (1) followed by reaction with azides through click reaction under Sharpless conditions furnished triazole substituted quinolone ester 3. The latter quinolone esters were reacted with various secondary amines to furnish the corresponding quinolone derivatives 4. Alternatively, quinolone carboxylic derivatives 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d were prepared in two steps from triazole tagged quinolone ester. All the final products were screened against various bacterial and fungal strains. Compounds 4a, 4b, 4c and 4k showed moderate antibacterial activity, and 4f showed promising activity against fungal strains.
Because of increasing terrorist activities, the resolution of video cameras and the number of cameras deployed for surveillance are increasing exponentially - producing huge amount of video data. ...Manual analysis of this large volume of video data by human operators for crime scene and forensic analysis is neither reliable nor scalable. This has generated enormous interest in research activities related to automation of video surveillance systems which allows real-time automatic extraction and analysis of information from live incoming video streams and enables automatic detection and tracking of targets without human intervention. To meet the real-time requirements of automated video surveillance systems, very different technologies and design methodologies have been used in literature. These range from use of General Purpose Processors (GPPs) or special purpose Digital Signal Processors (DSPs) or Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) to Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) or Applications Specific Instruction Set Processors (ASIPs) or even programmable logic devices like Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). FPGAs provide real-time performance that is hard to achieve with GPPs/DSPs, limit the extensive design work, time, and cost required for ASICs, and allow algorithmic changes in later stages of system development. Due to these features FPGAs are being increasingly used for prototyping automated video surveillance system quickly. In this paper we present the top level description of a complete automated video surveillance system along with the elaboration of different challenges/issues involved in its design and implementation, a comparative analysis of design methodologies and existing FPGA platforms, complete design flow for prototyping the FPGA-based automated video surveillance system, and details of various primary input/output interfaces required for designing smart automated video surveillance systems for future.
Sarcoidosis is a multi-system disorder characterized by non-caseating granulomas. Depressed cellular immunity predisposes patients to infections with certain intracellular organisms, mostly fungi, ...Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Nocardia species. Isolated liver tuberculosis is a rare condition, and atypical clinical presentation challenges the clinical acumen of the treating physician. Liver sarcoidosis is usually unsuspected and confused with primary or metastatic liver carcinoma. We describe a case of isolated tuberculous liver abscess without pulmonary spread in a patient with asymptomatic stage I sarcoidosis.
LaBi is a three-dimensional rocksalt-type material with a surprisingly quasi-two-dimensional electronic structure. It exhibits excellent electronic properties such as the existence of nontrivial ...Dirac cones, extremely large magnetoresistance, and high charge-carrier mobility. The cigar-shaped electron valleys make the charge transport highly anisotropic when the magnetic field is varied from one crystallographic axis to another. We show that the electrons can be polarized effectively in these electron valleys under a rotating magnetic field. We achieved a polarization of 60% at 2 K despite the coexistence of three-dimensional hole pockets. The valley polarization in LaBi is compared to the sister compound LaSb where it is found to be smaller. The performance of LaBi is comparable to the highly efficient bismuth.
In every automated video surveillance system, moving object detection is an important pre-processing step leading to the extraction of useful information regarding moving objects present in a video ...scene. Most of the moving object detection algorithms require large memory space for storage of background related information which makes their implementation a difficult task on embedded platforms which are typically constrained by limited resources. Therefore, in order to overcome this limitation, in this paper we present a memory optimized moving object detection scheme for automated video surveillance systems with an objective to facilitate its implementation on standalone embedded platforms. The presented scheme is a modified version of the original clustering-based moving object detection algorithm and has been coded using C/C++ in the Microsoft Visual Studio IDE. The moving object detection results of the proposed memory efficient scheme were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed and compared with the original clustering-based moving object detection algorithm. The experimental results revealed that there is 58.33% reduction in memory requirements in case of the presented memory efficient moving object detection scheme for storing background related information without any loss in accuracy and robustness as compared to the original clustering based scheme.
Conveyor belt is a dedicated machine which is used in transporting the goods in assembly line area. This machine is driven by using a single mechanism for an operation. Here the focus is on the ...Geneva wheel which is used for this respective operation. Geneva Wheel mechanism here rotates and the index the roller in the conveyor belt one by one step. As we know there is the major drawback of a Geneva mechanism that jerk a lot while the operation is in process due to which it loses its acceleration. Here a symmetrical coupler curve of 4 bar mechanism which run on a Dwell curve is added to avoid the jerk as low as it can. The forces are analysed on the simulated mechanism with meshing method and the result to be presented in a graphical order, which represent theVon Mises stress and displacement.
•Review methods available for xanthine analysis with special emphasis on biosensors.•Xanthine biosensors work optimally within 4–150s, between pH 5.0 and 8.4 and in range of 1–1000μM.•Xanthine ...biosensors had detection limit in range 0.1–20μM.•Biosensor measured xanthine level in fish meat.
Xanthine (3,7-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione) is generated from guanine by guanine deaminase and hypoxanthine by xanthine oxidase (XOD). The determination of xanthine in meat indicates its freshness, while its level in serum/urine provides valuable information about diagnosis and medical management of certain metabolic disorders such as xanthinuria, hyperurecemia, gout and renal failure. Although chromatographic methods such a HPLC, capillary electrophoresis and mass spectrometry are available for quantification of xanthine in biological materials, these suffer from certain limitations such as complexity, time consuming sample preparation and requirement of expensive apparatus and trained persons to operate. Immobilized XOD based biosensors have emerged as simple, rapid, sensitive and economic tools for determination of xanthine in food industries and clinical diagnosis. This review article describes the various immobilization methods of XOD and different matrices used for construction of xanthine biosensors, their classification, analytical performance and applications along with their merits and demerits. The future perspectives for improvement of present xanthine biosensors are also discussed.
The experiments on Impact of Inorganic Chemicals on Growth and Yield Potential of Pleurotus sajor-caju were conducted during October–November 2018–2019 and 2019–2020 in Completely Randomized Design ...at Mushroom Research and Development Centre, Department of Plant Pathology, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. Among all the treatments, minimum 11 days required for spawn running in the combination of Wheat straw+NPK 5 mg+CaCO3 6 mg. Similarly, the minimum number of days required for pin head formation and harvesting days were also noticed in T5 treatment (wheat straw+5 g NPK+6 g CaCO3), representing 15 and 20 days respectively. The treatment T5 produced maximum number of fruiting bodies where combinations were given as wheat straw+5 g NPK+6 g CaCO3.The maximum stipe length and width of pileus were also recorded maximum in treatment T5, showing 7.9 cm and 13.5 cm against 2.8 cm and 6.6 cm respectively in case of control. Yield potential, total yield and biological efficiency of Pleurotus sajor-caju were also found maximum in treatment T5, representing the values 500, 450, 370, 300 and 250 g yield bag-1 at 1st , 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th flushing stages, respectively. On the other hand, the maximum biological efficiency was recorded in T5 (wheat straw+5 g NPK+6 g CaCO3) treatment, showing 37.40% against 25.68% in case of treatment T1 (Control). Result showing that treatment T5 (wheat straw+5 g NPK+6 g CaCO3) performed better than all treatments.
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