A major efficiency limit for solution-processed perovskite optoelectronic devices, for example light-emitting diodes, is trap-mediated non-radiative losses. Defect passivation using organic molecules ...has been identified as an attractive approach to tackle this issue. However, implementation of this approach has been hindered by a lack of deep understanding of how the molecular structures influence the effectiveness of passivation. We show that the so far largely ignored hydrogen bonds play a critical role in affecting the passivation. By weakening the hydrogen bonding between the passivating functional moieties and the organic cation featuring in the perovskite, we significantly enhance the interaction with defect sites and minimize non-radiative recombination losses. Consequently, we achieve exceptionally high-performance near-infrared perovskite light-emitting diodes with a record external quantum efficiency of 21.6%. In addition, our passivated perovskite light-emitting diodes maintain a high external quantum efficiency of 20.1% and a wall-plug efficiency of 11.0% at a high current density of 200 mA cm−2, making them more attractive than the most efficient organic and quantum-dot light-emitting diodes at high excitations.Improved understanding of passivation leads to near-infrared perovskite light-emitting diodes with 21.6% external quantum efficiency.
Abstract
Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) is a valuable tool recently proposed to investigate battery electrodes. Despite being employed for Li-based battery materials, cryo-TEM ...measurements for Na-based electrochemical energy storage systems are not commonly reported. In particular, elucidating the chemical and morphological behavior of the Na-metal electrode in contact with a non-aqueous liquid electrolyte solution could provide useful insights that may lead to a better understanding of metal cells during operation. Here, using cryo-TEM, we investigate the effect of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) additive on the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) structure of a Na-metal electrode. Without FEC, the NaPF
6
-containing carbonate-based electrolyte reacts with the metal electrode to produce an unstable SEI, rich in Na
2
CO
3
and Na
3
PO
4
, which constantly consumes the sodium reservoir of the cell during cycling. When FEC is used, the Na-metal electrode forms a multilayer SEI structure comprising an outer NaF-rich amorphous phase and an inner Na
3
PO
4
phase. This layered structure stabilizes the SEI and prevents further reactions between the electrolyte and the Na metal.
At present, pointer meters are still widely used because of their mechanical stability and electromagnetic immunity, and it is the main trend to use a computer vision-based automatic reading system ...to replace inefficient manual inspection. Many correction and recognition algorithms have been proposed for the problems of skew, distortion, and uneven illumination in the field-collected meter images. However, the current algorithms generally suffer from poor robustness, enormous training cost, inadequate compensation correction, and poor reading accuracy. This paper first designs a meter image skew-correction algorithm based on binary mask and improved Mask-RCNN for different types of pointer meters, which achieves high accuracy ellipse fitting and reduces the training cost by transfer learning. Furthermore, the low-light enhancement fusion algorithm based on improved Retinex and Fast Adaptive Bilateral Filtering (RBF) is proposed. Finally, the improved ResNet101 is proposed to extract needle features and perform directional regression to achieve fast and high-accuracy readings. The experimental results show that the proposed system in this paper has higher efficiency and better robustness in the image correction process in a complex environment and higher accuracy in the meter reading process.
In this study, Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (ZIF-8)-loaded UiO-66-NH2 was synthesized, characterized, and analyzed for its potential to efficiently remove dyes. The selective adsorption on ...ZIF-8-loaded UiO-66-NH2 or its parent MOFs (UiO-66-NH2 and ZIF-8) in the mixed dyes solution was explored, including anionic dye (methyl orange (MO)) and cationic dyes (methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B (RhB)). ZIF-8-loaded UiO-66-NH2 displayed much better selectivity to MB than its parent MOFs. Adsorption capacity of ZIF-8-loaded UiO-66-NH2 (173 mg/g) toward MB was found to be 215% higher than UiO-66-NH2 (55 mg/g). A kinetics study based on adsorption data demonstrated that the adsorption process most closely matched with the model of pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm. The adsorption was an exothermic and spontaneous physical process as revealed by the values of thermodynamic parameters. Furthermore, reusability of ZIF-8-loaded UiO-66-NH2 was investigated and revealed the significant regeneration efficiency in adsorption capacity for MB even after four adsorption cycles. Experimental results proved that the interaction between ZIF-8-loaded UiO-66-NH2 and MB was mainly affected by the mechanism, for instance, electrostatic interaction as well as π–π stacking interactions.
Radioresistance, a poorly understood phenomenon, results in the failure of radiotherapy and subsequent local recurrence, threatening a large proportion of patients with ESCC. To date, lncRNAs have ...been reported to be involved in diverse biological processes, including radioresistance.
FISH and qRT-PCR were adopted to examine the expression and localization of lncRNA-NORAD, pri-miR-199a1 and miR-199a-5p. Electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) were conducted to observe and identify exosomes. High-throughput microRNAs sequencing and TMT mass spectrometry were performed to identify the functional miRNA and proteins. A series of in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to investigate the biological effect of NORAD. ChIP, RIP-qPCR, co-IP and dual-luciferase reporter assays were conducted to explore the interaction of related RNAs and proteins.
We show here that DNA damage activates the noncoding RNA NORAD, which is critical for ESCC radioresistance. NORAD was expressed at high levels in radioresistant ESCC cells. Radiation treatment promotes NORAD expression by enhancing H3K4me2 enrichment in its sequence. NORAD knockdown cells exhibit significant hypersensitivity to radiation in vivo and in vitro. NORAD is required to initiate the repair and restart of stalled forks, G2 cycle arrest and homologous recombination repair upon radiation treatment. Mechanistically, NORAD inhibits miR-199a-5p expression by competitively binding PUM1 from pri-miR-199a1, inhibiting the processing of pri-miR-199a1. Mature miR-199a-5p in NORAD knockdown cells is packaged into exosomes; miR-199a-5p restores the radiosensitivity of radioresistant cells by targeting EEPD1 and then inhibiting the ATR/Chk1 signalling pathway. Simultaneously, NORAD knockdown inhibits the ubiquitination of PD-L1, leading to a better response to radiation and anti-PD-1 treatment in a mouse model.
Based on the findings of this study, lncRNA-NORAD represents a potential treatment target for improving the efficiency of immunotherapy in combination with radiation in ESCC.
Active suspension control strategies are a top priority in active suspension system. The current research on active suspension control strategies is mostly focused on two-axle vehicles, and there is ...less research investigating multi-axle vehicles. Additionally, their effective implementation is dependent on accurate mathematical models, and most of them adopt force feedback control, which is vulnerable to external interference. To solve these problems, this paper proposes an active suspension control strategy based on Inertial Measurement Unit. The multi-axle emergency rescue vehicle is made to be equivalent to a 3-degrees-of-freedom parallel mechanism by using the method of grouping and interconnecting the suspension units of the whole vehicle. The attitude change of the vehicle body was transformed into the servo actuator’s displacement by solving the inverse solution of the parallel mechanism position and the action of the servo actuator was driven in reverse according to the displacement obtained. In this way, the vehicle body attitude can be compensated, and the ride comfort and the handling stability of the vehicle can be improved. To verify the effectiveness of the control strategy proposed, the three-axle six vehicle was taken as the research object, the position inverse solution of its equivalent 3-degrees-of-freedom parallel mechanism was deduced, and a high-pass filter was designed. The three-axle vehicle experiment platform integrating active suspension and hydro-pneumatic suspension was built, and the gravel road and slope road experiments were carried out and the results compared with those obtained with hydro-pneumatic suspension. The experiment results showed that, compared with hydro-pneumatic suspension, the active suspension control strategy based on Inertial Measurement Unit proposed in this paper can not only stabilize the body attitude, but also effectively suppress body vibration, improving the ride comfort and handling stability of the vehicle significantly.
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between MMP-2, TIMP-1, β2-MG, hs-CRP and the progression of type 2 diabetic retinopathy (T2DM). For this purpose, 68 patients with T2DM retinopathy ...treated in our hospital were selected as the retinopathy group (REG), and 68 T2DM patients without retinopathy were selected as the control group (CDG). The serum levels of MMP-2, TIMP-1, β2-MG and hs-CRP were compared between the two groups. According to the international clinical classification of T2DM non-retinopathy (NDR), the patients were divided into non-proliferative T2DM retinopathy group (NPDR) (n=28) and proliferative T2DM retinopathy group (PDR) (n=40). The levels of MMP-2, TIMP-1, β2-MG and hs-CRP in patients with different conditions were compared. In addition, the Spearman method was used to analyze the correlation between the levels of MMP-2, TIMP-1, β2-MG, hs-CRP and glucose and lipid metabolism and the course of disease in patients with T2DM retinopathy (DR). Logistic multiple regression was used to analyze the risk factors of DR. Results showed that the levels of serum MMP-2, β2-MG and hs-CRP in PDR groups were raised than those in NPDR and NDR, while the serum TIMP-1 level was reduced. The levels of MMP-2, β2-MG and hs-CRP were positively correlated with the levels of HbA1c, TG and the course of disease in DR patients, while the levels of TIMP-1 in DR patients were negatively correlated with the levels of HbA1c, TG and the course of disease. The results of multivariate Logistic regression model showed that MMP-2, β2-MG and hs-CRP were independent risk factors for DR, and TIMP-1 was the protective factor for DR. In conclusion, the changes of peripheral blood MMP-2, TIMP-1, hs-CRP and β2-MG levels are closely related to the progression of T2DM retinopathy.
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) is a disease with complex etiology. Currently, IPAH treatment is limited, and patients’ prognosis is poor. This study aimed to explore new ...therapeutic targets in IPAH through bioinformatics. Two data sets (GSE113439 and GSE130391) meeting the requirements were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Then, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and analyzed by NetworkAnalyst platform. By enriching Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), we examined the function of DEGs. A protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to identify central genes using the CytoNCA plug-in. Finally, four central genes, ASPM, CENPE, NCAPG, and TOP2A, were screened out. We selected NCAPG for protein-level verification. We established an animal model of PAH and found that the expression of NCAPG was significantly increased in the lung tissue of PAH rats. In vitro experiments showed that the expression of NCAPG was significantly increased in proliferative pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). When NCAPG of PASMCs was knocked down, the cell proliferation was inhibited, which suggested that NCAPG was related to the proliferation of PASMCs. Therefore, these results may provide new therapeutic targets for IPAH.
The prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is relatively poor due to the absence of efficient treatment. In this manuscript, we have investigated the specific roles and molecular ...mechanisms of LINC00657 to order to identify novel therapeutic targets for ESCC.
The LINC00657 expression in ESCC tissues and cell lines were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR. The expression of LINC00657 in ESCC cells was regulated by lentivirus transfection. Online bioinformatics analysis tools were used to predict the potential targets of LINC00657 and miR-615-3p. TCGA database was used to analyze the prognosis of ESCC patients. Transwell, wound healing assay and MTT were performed to investigate the ESCC cells’ biological functions. JunB expression was evaluated by Western blot.
LINC00657 was moderately increased in ESCC both in vivo and in vitro and up regulated by irradiation. LINC00657 knockdown could inhibit the migration and proliferation of ESCC cells. And downregulation of LINC00657 significantly enhanced the radio-sensitivity. Moreover, LINC00657 could act as a ceRNA to increase the expression of JunB by binding to miR-615-3p. Meanwhile, overexpression of miR-615-3p resulted in anti-tumor effects and led to the down-regulation of JunB. Survival analysis from TCGA indicated that ESCC patients with higher JunB expression had significant poorer prognosis.
LINC00657 might be involved in regulating ESCC’s response to radiation; and it functioned as an oncogene in ESCC by targeting miR-615-3p and JunB, providing novel potential therapeutic targets.
The extensive application of building information modeling (BIM) technology has brought opportunities and challenges to safety risk management in the field of prefabricated building construction. It ...is of great significance to provide timely information and knowledge for safety risk decisions in prefabricated building construction, and to display this information visually. In response, based on the ontology theory and using the Revit software, in this study we aimed to establish a monitoring system for the construction of prefabricated buildings, which was verified through a practical case. The results revealed that, first, ontology technology can be applied in the Revit software through plug-in integration, and knowledge regarding construction safety risk management in prefabricated building construction can be shared, reused, and accumulated using this system. Second, problems with the design and construction models of prefabricated buildings that do not meet the specification requirements can be detected by the monitoring system in the Revit software. Third, automatic risk identification and response methods using ontology theory and BIM technologies can effectively promote construction safety risk management performance in relation to prefabricated buildings. These findings examine the application of ontology to the field of prefabricated construction safety risk management for the first time, enrich the research on ontology technology, and contribute to safety risk management in the construction of prefabricated buildings.
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