The Support vector regression (SVR) was used to investigate quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) of 75 phenolic compounds with Trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC). Geometric ...structures were optimized at the EF level of the MOPAC software program. Using Pearson correlation coefficient analysis, four molecular descriptors n(OH), Cosmo Area (CA), Core-Core Repulsion (CCR) and Final Heat of Formation (FHF) were selected as independent variables. The QSAR model was developed from the training set consisting of 57 compounds and then used the leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) correlation coefficient to evaluate the prediction ability of the QSAR model. Used Artificial neural network (ANN) and multiple linear regression (MLR) for comparing. The RMSE (root mean square error) values of LOOCV in SVR, ANN and MLR models were 0.44, 0.46 and 0.54. The RMSE values of prediction of external 18 compounds were 0.41, 0.39 and 0.54 for SVR, ANN and MLR models, respectively. The obtained result indicated that the SVR models exhibited excellent predicting performance and competent for predicting the TEAC of phenolic compounds.
Stretchable conductors are essential components of wearable electronics. However, such materials typically sacrifice their electronic conductivity to achieve mechanical stretchability and elasticity. ...Here, the nanoconfinement and air/water interfacial assembly is explored to grow freestanding mechanical endurance conducting polymer nanosheets that can be stretched up to 2000% with simultaneously high electrical conductivity, inspired by kirigami. Such stretchable conductors show remarkable electronic and mechanical reversibility and reproducibility under more than 1000 cycle durability tests with 2000% deformability, which can be accurately predicted using finite element modeling. The conductivity of nanoconfined freestanding conductor nanosheets increases by three orders of magnitude from 2.2 × 10−3 to 4.002 S cm−1 is shown, due to the charge‐transfer complex formation between polymer chain and halogen, while the electrical conductance of the stretchable kirigami nanosheets can be maintained over the entire strain regime. The nanoconfined polymer nanosheets can also act as a sensor capable of sensing the pressure with high durability and real‐time monitoring.
Nanoconfined polymer conducting nanosheets are fabricated using the air/water interfacial assembly method. The freestanding conducting‐polymer nanosheets with mechanical endurance can be stretched up to 2000%, with simultaneously high electrical conductivity inspired by kirigami. Such stretchable conductors show remarkable electronic and mechanical reversibility and reproducibility under more than 1000 cycle durability tests with 2000% deformability.
To develop and validate a radiomics model for evaluating pathologic complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC).
We enrolled 222 ...patients (152 in the primary cohort and 70 in the validation cohort) with clinicopathologically confirmed LARC who received chemoradiotherapy before surgery. All patients underwent T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted imaging before and after chemoradiotherapy; 2,252 radiomic features were extracted from each patient before and after treatment imaging. The two-sample
test and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression were used for feature selection, whereupon a radiomics signature was built with support vector machines. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was then used to develop a radiomics model incorporating the radiomics signature and independent clinicopathologic risk factors. The performance of the radiomics model was assessed by its calibration, discrimination, and clinical usefulness with independent validation.
The radiomics signature comprised 30 selected features and showed good discrimination performance in both the primary and validation cohorts. The individualized radiomics model, which incorporated the radiomics signature and tumor length, also showed good discrimination, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.9756 (95% confidence interval, 0.9185-0.9711) in the validation cohort, and good calibration. Decision curve analysis confirmed the clinical utility of the radiomics model.
Using pre- and posttreatment MRI data, we developed a radiomics model with excellent performance for individualized, noninvasive prediction of pCR. This model may be used to identify LARC patients who can omit surgery after chemoradiotherapy.
.
1D organic micro/nanostructures (OMNSs) based on π‐conjugated molecules are considered to be suitable candidates as photonic units due to their unique photophysical advantages over traditional ones ...in low‐temperature solution‐processed approach, tunable emission color, the built‐in cavity for optical confinement, and so forth. These inherent characteristics of OMNSs make them have broad application prospects in photonics devices, such as nanolasers, optical waveguides, and optical logical gates. In this review, the recent processes of OMNSs in terms of light generation, light confinement, and propagation are introduced, separately. Some representative works of OMNSs are discussed in the direction of optical modulation and processing. However, huge challenges still remain before the OMNSs are actually used as components of optical circuits in the photonics chips. The summary and the expectations are presented for the future development of 1D organic micro/nanostructures photonics.
1D organic micro/nanostructures have great potential in nanoscale integrated optical circuits as photonic components due to their intrinsic capabilities to generate and confine optical signals efficiently. Herein, the recent advances of 1D micro/nanostructures in photonic applications are reviewed. Then, the prospects and suggestions for future development are presented.
An accurate extraction of physiological and physical signals from human skin is crucial for health monitoring, disease prevention, and treatment. Recent advances in wearable bioelectronics directly ...embedded to the epidermal surface are a promising solution for future epidermal sensing. However, the existing wearable bioelectronics are susceptible to motion artifacts as they lack proper adhesion and conformal interfacing with the skin during motion. Here, we present ultra-conformal, customizable, and deformable drawn-on-skin electronics, which is robust to motion due to strong adhesion and ultra-conformality of the electronic inks drawn directly on skin. Electronic inks, including conductors, semiconductors, and dielectrics, are drawn on-demand in a freeform manner to develop devices, such as transistors, strain sensors, temperature sensors, heaters, skin hydration sensors, and electrophysiological sensors. Electrophysiological signal monitoring during motion shows drawn-on-skin electronics' immunity to motion artifacts. Additionally, electrical stimulation based on drawn-on-skin electronics demonstrates accelerated healing of skin wounds.
The aspartate aminotransferase‐to‐platelet ratio index (APRI), a tool with limited expense and widespread availability, is a promising noninvasive alternative to liver biopsy for detecting hepatic ...fibrosis. The objective of this study was to update the 2007 meta‐analysis to systematically assess the accuracy of APRI in predicting significant fibrosis, severe fibrosis, and cirrhosis stage in hepatitis C virus (HCV) monoinfected and HCV / human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfected individuals. Studies comparing APRI versus biopsy in HCV patients were identified via a thorough literature search. Areas under summary receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were used to examine the APRI accuracy for the diagnosis of significant fibrosis, severe fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Heterogeneity was explored using meta‐regression. Twenty‐one additional studies were eligible for the update and, in total, 40 studies were included in this review (n = 8,739). The summary AUROC of the APRI for the diagnosis of significant fibrosis, severe fibrosis, and cirrhosis were 0.77, 0.80, and 0.83, respectively. For significant fibrosis, an APRI threshold of 0.7 was 77% sensitive and 72% specific. For severe fibrosis, a threshold of 1.0 was 61% sensitive and 64% specific. For cirrhosis, a threshold of 1.0 was 76% sensitive and 72% specific. Moreover, we found that the APRI was less accurate for the identification of significant fibrosis, severe fibrosis, and cirrhosis in HIV/HCV coinfected patients. Conclusion: Our large meta‐analysis suggests that APRI can identify hepatitis C‐related fibrosis with a moderate degree of accuracy. Application of this index may decrease the need for staging liver biopsy specimens among chronic hepatitis C patients. (HEPATOLOGY 2011)
Bile acids are synthesized in the liver and are the major component in bile. Impaired bile flow leads to cholestasis that is characterized by elevated levels of bile acid in the liver and serum, ...followed by hepatocyte and biliary injury. Although the causes of cholestasis have been extensively studied, the molecular mechanisms as to how bile acids initiate liver injury remain controversial. In this chapter, we summarize recent advances in the pathogenesis of bile acid induced liver injury. These include bile acid signaling pathways in hepatocytes as well as the response of cholangiocytes and innate immune cells in the liver in both patients with cholestasis and cholestatic animal models. We focus on how bile acids trigger the production of molecular mediators of neutrophil recruitment and the role of the inflammatory response in this pathological process. These advances point to a number of novel targets where drugs might be judged to be effective therapies for cholestatic liver injury.
Objective
To quantitatively compare the diagnostic values of various diffusion parameters obtained from mono- and biexponential diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) models and diffusion kurtosis imaging ...(DKI) in differentiating between benign and malignant solitary pulmonary lesions (SPLs).
Methods
Multiple b-value DWIs and DKIs were performed in 89 patients with SPL by using a 3-T magnetic resonance (MR) imaging unit. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of various b-value sets, true diffusivity (D), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*), perfusion fraction (f), apparent diffusional kurtosis (K
app
), and kurtosis-corrected diffusion coefficient (D
app
) were calculated and compared between the malignant and benign groups using a Mann-Whitney U test. Receiver-operating characteristic analysis was performed for all parameters.
Result
The ADC
(0, 150)
values of malignant tumors were lower than those of the benign group (
p
= 0.01). The ADC
(0, 300)
, ADC
(0, 500)
, ADC
(0, 600),
ADC
(0, 800)
, ADC
(0, 1000),
ADC
total
, D, and D
app
of malignant tumors were significantly lower than those of benign lesions (all
p
< 0.001). D*, f, and K
app
showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups. ADC
total
showed the highest area under the curve (AUC = 0.862), followed by ADC
(0, 800)
(AUC = 0.844), ADC
(0, 600)
(AUC = 0.843), D(AUC = 0.834), ADC
(0, 1000)
(AUC = 0.834) and ADC
(0, 500)
(AUC = 0.824), D
app
(AUC = 0.796), and ADC
(0, 300)
(AUC = 0.773). However, the difference in diagnostic efficacy among these parameters was not statistically significant (
p
> 0.05).
Conclusion
Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and DKI-derived parameters have similar performance compared with conventional ADC in differentiating SPLs.
Key Points
• Mono- and biexponential DWI and DKI are feasible for differentiating SPLs.
• ADC
(0, ≥500)
has better performance than ADC
(0, <500)
in assessing SPLs.
• IVIM and DKI have similar performance compared with conventional DWI in differentiating SPLs.
Flexible thin films of poly(nickel‐ethylenetetrathiolate) prepared by an electrochemical method display promising n‐type thermoelectric properties with the highest ZT value up to 0.3 at room ...temperature. Coexistence of high electrical conductivity and high Seebeck coefficient in this coordination polymer is attributed to its degenerate narrow‐bandgap semiconductor behavior.
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