Scintillation detectors for the TAIGA experiment Astapov, I.; Bezyazeekov, P.; Borodin, A. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
08/2019, Letnik:
936
Journal Article
Recenzirano
It is planned that new TAIGA-Muon detectors will complement the existing Tunka-GRANDE facility of scintillation detectors of the TAIGA gamma-observatory in the Tunka valley, Russia. The new design of ...scintillation detector with wavelength shifting bars and PMTs is developed. The first prototype of the counter was installed and tested using infrastructure of the Tunka-GRANDE installation in 2017. The mass production of counters has begun in 2018 at the Novosibirsk State University.
The concept of the TAIGA experiment is to combine wide-angle timing and imaging Cherenkov telescopes as well as electron and muon detectors. The TAIGA facility aims at gamma-ray astrophysics at ...energies from a few TeV to several PeV and cosmic-ray physics from 100 TeV to several EeV but also pursues searches for astrophysical nanosecond transients, axion-like particles, Lorentz invariance violation and other unexpected manifestations of New Physics. TAIGA-1, a hybrid detector complex with an area of 1 km2, operating since 2021 in the Tunka valley, 50 km to the West from the southernmost tip of lake Baikal, and the plans for its upgrade are presented.
The article represents the results of mathematical and statistical analysis of the links between the levels of the identity of employees (group, micro-group and interpersonal) by three components ...(cognitive, affective and behavioral) in 37 industrial groups with expertise in different fields. The significant linear relationship between micro-group and interpersonal identity (for all components), high linear relationship between group identity and micro-group identity (only for affective component) and the lack of linear relationship between the components of inter- personal and group identity are revealed. Higher influence of group identity on micro-group (for all components) and interpersonal identity (for cognitive and behavioral components) is found out in the totality of intercorrelation between group, micro-group and interpersonal identities. Non-linear relationship between group and micro-group identity for all components is revealed. This non-linear relation indicates that increase in expressiveness of one of the components of group iden- tity leads to decrease in expressiveness of the respective component of micro-group identity. This effect occurs until definite moment, after which, on the contrary, further reinforcement of the components of group identity leads to the increase in expressiveness of micro-group identity. These established consistent patterns are interpreted in the article.
Представлены результаты анализа связей между разными уровнями идентичности работников (групповой, микрогрупповой и межличностной) по трем компонентам (когнитивному, аффективному и поведенческому) в 37 производ- ственных группах разного профиля деятельности. Установлена значимая линейная связь между микрогрупповой и межличностной идентичностью (по всем компонентам), высокая линейная связь между групповой и микрогрупповой идентичностью (только по аффективному компоненту) и отсутствие связи между компонентами групповой и межличностной идентичности. В совокупно- сти взаимовлияний групповой, микрогрупповой и межличностной идентичности выявлено более высокое влияние групповой идентичности на микрогрупповую (по всем компонентам) и межличностную (по когнитивному и поведенческому компонентам). Обнаружена нелинейная связь между групповой и микрогрупповой идентичностью по всем компонентам. Она выражается в том, что повышение выраженности того или иного компонента групповой идентичности сопровождается снижением проявления соответствующего компонента микрогрупповой идентичности. Это происходит до определенного момента, после которого дальнейшее усиление компонентов групповой идентичности приводит, наоборот, к повышению выраженности компонентов микрогрупповой идентичности. Проинтерпретированы установленные закономерности.
The TAIGA experiment in the Tunka valley near Lake Baikal is planning an extension with new TAIGA-Muon scintillation detector stations. The main purpose of TAIGA is gamma-ray astronomy in the TeV to ...PeV energy range and cosmic ray physics. The purpose of the Taiga-Muon detectors is to measure the muon component of air showers for improving cosmic ray composition measurements as well as gamma–hadron separation above 100 TeV. Monte Carlo simulations of the experiment are done with the software packages CORSIKA and GEANT4. Extensive air showers of primary particles in the energy range 100–3000 TeV are created with CORSIKA. The trigger efficiency is calculated and used for optimization. The suppression factor of hadronic showers versus electromagnetic showers is studied, leading to an optimum depth of soil absorber (2 m), at the lowest energy range. Data on the identification efficiency for primary gamma-quanta and proton events are presented as well as the suppression factor.
High-energy cosmic-ray research via the detection of Cherenkov radiation from extensive air showers was begun in the Tunka valley (50 km to the west from the southern extremity of Lake Baikal) in the ...early 1990s. A series of large arrays combined into the TAIGA (Tunka Advanced Instrument for cosmic-ray physics and Gamma Astronomy) astrophysical facility and designed to study gamma rays and charged cosmic rays have been created in the elapsed time. Descriptions of the facility arrays and the main results obtained while investigating high-energy cosmic rays are presented. Plans for a further development of the astrophysical facility are discussed.
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The paper is devoted to the modeling and analysis of data detected by the TAIGA-IACT installation in the stereo mode. Five Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACT) with a viewing angle of ...9.6° are expected to be included in the installation. Today there are three telescopes spaced far apart (from 320 to 500 m) in the installation. The effective area of the installation is as large as 0.6 km
2
; therefore, it is possible to conduct statistically significant measurements of weak γ-ray sources in the energy range above 10 TeV over a reasonable observation time (300–400 h). The Monte Carlo procedure for simulating the hadrons and γ-rays detected by the telescopes is described as is the procedure for reconstructing the parameters of extensive air showers, such as the arrival direction of an event, the axis position, the depth of the maximum of shower development (
X
max
), and the primary-particle energy. In order to solve the problem of γ-hadron separation, the criteria for selecting γ-rays detected in the stereo mode have been optimized and the effective area of the installation has been calculated.
A wide-angle Cerenkov array TAIGA-HiSCORE (FOV
0.6 sr), was originally created as a part of TAIGA installation for high-energy gamma-ray astronomy and cosmic ray physics. Array now consist on nearly ...100 optical stations on the area of 1 km
. Due to high accuracy and stability (
1 ns) of time synchronization of the optical stations the accuracy of EAS arrival direction reconstruction is reached 0.1
. It was proven that the array can also be used to search for nanosecond events of the optical range. The report discusses the method of searching for optical transients using the HiSCORE array and demonstrates its performance on a real example of detecting signals from an artificial Earth satellite. The search for this short flares in the HiSCORE data of the winter season 2018–2019 is carried out. One candidate for double repeater has been detected, but the estimated probability of random simulation of such a transient by background EAS events is not less than 10
, which does not allow us to say that the detected candidate corresponds to a real astrophysical transient. An upper bound on the frequency of optical spikes with flux density of more than
and a duration of more than 5 ns is established as
events/sr/h.
Over the past few years, the TAIGA (Tunka Advanced Instrument for cosmic ray physics and Gamma-ray Astronomy) observatory has been being deployed in the Tunka Valley, Republic of Buryatia. It is ...designed for studying gamma rays of energy above 30 TeV and performing searches for sources of galactic cosmic rays with energies in the vicinity of 1 PeV, which is an energy region around the classic knee in the cosmic-ray energy spectrum. The first phase of the observatory will be situated at a distance of about 50 km from Lake Baikal at the site of the Tunka-133 array. The TAIGA gamma observatory will include a network of 500 wide-angle (0.6 sr) Cherenkov detectors (TAIGA-HiSCORE array) and up to 16 atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (ACT) designed for analyzing the EAS images (imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes, or IACT) and positioned within an area of 5 km
2
. The observatory will also include muon detectors of total area 2000 m
2
distributed over an area of 1 km
2
. Within the next three years, it is planned to enhance the area of the TAIGA-HiSCORE array by a factor of four—from 0.25 km
2
to 1 km
2
; to supplement the existing IACT with two new ones; and to deploy new muon detectors with a total coverage of 200 m
2
. The structure of the new observatory is described along with the data analysis techniques used. The most interesting physical results are presented, and the research program for the future is discussed.
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