Introduction: Radicchio (Cichorium intybus L.) is a leaf chicory and is grown as a leaf vegetable which usually has white-veined red or purple leaves and it belongs to the Asteraceae family. In ...several countries is consumed mainly as salad, but no studies on their elemental composition has been done, principally in Brazil.
Objective: The aim of present work was to measure the macroelements (Na, K, Ca, Mg and P) and microelements (Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Zn, Al, Cd, Ni, Co and Si) in the leaf Chicory used as human nourishment in the Campo Grande, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
Method: Chemical digests of samples were prepared using HNO3 and H2O2 and then placed in the microwave digestion system. After digestion, the concentrations of the elements in Leaf Chicory were determined by the technique of Inductively Coupled Plasma - Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP–OES, Thermo Scientific - iCAP 6000 Series). Results obtained of the concentrations of leaf chicory were compared with the dietary reference intakes.
Results: Detected concentration of macroelements in leaf Chicory decreases in the order: K > P > Ca > Mg > Na. As well as the concentration of microelements decreases in the order: Fe > Al > Si > Mn > Zn > Cu > Cr > Ni > Cd > Mo > Co. Leaf Chicory is excellent source of K, Ca, Mg, P, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo and Zn for children and adults. On the other hand, leaf chicory is not considered a source of sodium for children and adults. Concentration of K, Cr, Fe, and Al are above the limit recommended limit by FAO/WHO (1984) and others countries.
Conclusions: Leaf Chicory has macro and microelements in ample amount; it can be used as an important part of people's diets. Since it not exceed allowable limits set by WHO and FAO, RDA/AI and UL. Competent organs have not evaluated concentrations of elements as Al, Cd, Ni, Co and Si in order to establish a tolerable upper intake level or RDA/AI for human. The lack of studies of adverse effects following excess intake of a nutrient does not mean that adverse effects do not occur.
Keywords: Leaf Chicory; Radicchio; Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-OES).
Introduction: The Synadenium grantii Hook species is a medicinal plant of the Euphorbiaceae family and is popularly known in the Midwest regions of Brazil as leitosinha or janaúba. All the parts of ...Synadenium grantii Hook as stem, latex, leaves and flowers are used for the treatments of various disease, but no elemental composition has been done.
Objective: The aim of present work was to measure the macroelements (K, Mg, Mo and P) and microelements (Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Zn, Si, Ni, Co, Cd and Al) in the leaves of medicinal plant Synadenium grantii Hook used in the treatment of diseases by rural and urban communities of the Campo Grande, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
Method: The chemical digestions of samples were prepared utilizing HNO3 and H2O2 and microwave digestion system Speedwave Berghof, Germany. After digestion, the concentrations of the elements in leaves were determined by technique of Inductively Coupled Plasma – Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES) with a Dual Plasma (Thermo Scientific – iCAP 6000 Series)
Results: Results demonstrated that the Synadenium grantii leaves are source of K but aren't the best source of Na and P. Its leaves are rich in elements such as Mg, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo and Zn. The leaves of Synadenium grantii showed a high content of Mg values tolerable upper intake level. However, Fe, Na, P, Mn, Mo and Zn are below the values tolerable upper intake level. The leaves of this plants have elements as Ni, Cu, Cr, Cd above the permissible limit set by WHO and FAO.
Conclusions: The gaps in knowledge about the level of contents in the Synadenium grantii was completed in this work and would serve as a tool for deciding the dosage of prepared from this plant with medicinal and nutritional purposes. Brazil should create legal standards for the use of medicinal plants based on internationally practiced requirements.
Keywords: Medicinal plants, Synadenium grantii, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
Resumo: Objetivo: conhecer a experiência dos familiares no convívio de crianças com TEA. Metodologia: pesquisa qualitativa, realizada através de Grupo Focal com familiares de oito crianças com ...diagnóstico de TEA. A coleta de dados ocorreu no mês de setembro de 2016, através de questões norteadoras discutidas no grupo. Os relatos foram gravados em áudios e transcrito pelos autores. A análise foi realizada a partir da Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: A partir da análise dos dados surgiram três categorias: ‘a descoberta do autismo’; ‘experiências dos familiares após o diagnóstico de autismo’ e ‘atendimento em saúde da criança com autismo’. Conclusão: o autismo é um transtorno que causa muitas adaptações e mudanças na vida dos familiares envolvidos, surgindo a necessidade do apoio dos profissionais de saúde no suporte dos cuidados prestado a estas crianças.Descritores: Autismo; Relações Familiares; Acontecimentos que Mudam a Vida; Enfermagem.THE EXPERIENCE OF FAMILIARS IN THE COEXISTENCE OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDER (ASD)Abstract: Objective: to know the experience of family members living with children with ASD. Methodology: qualitative research, carried out through a Focal Group with relatives of eight children diagnosed with ASD. Data collection occurred in September 2016, through guiding questions discussed in the group. The reports were recorded in audios and transcribed by the authors. The analysis was made from the Content Analysis. Results: From the analysis of the data emerged three categories: ‘the discovery of autism’; ‘Family experiences after the diagnosis of autism’ and ‘health care of the child with autism’. Conclusion: autism is a disorder that causes many adaptations and changes in the lives of the family members involved, resulting in the need of the support of the health professionals in the support of the care provided to these children.Descriptors: Autism; Family Relations; Life Changing Events; Nursing.LA EXPERIENCIA DE LOS FAMILIARES EN LA CONVIVENCIA DE NIÑOS CON TRANSTORNO DEL ESPECTRO AUTISTA (TEA)Resumen: Objetivo: conocer la experiencia de los familiares en la convivencia de niños con TEA. Metodología: investigación cualitativa, realizada a través de Grupo Focal con familiares de ocho niños con diagnóstico de TEA. La recolección de datos ocurrió en el mes de septiembre de 2016, a través de cuestiones orientadoras discutidas en el grupo. Los relatos fueron grabados en audios y transcrito por los autores. El análisis fue realizado a partir de la Análisis de Contenido. Resultados: A partir del análisis de los datos surgieron tres categorías: ‘el descubrimiento del autismo’; “Experiencias de los familiares después del diagnóstico de autismo” y “atención en salud del niño con autismo”. Conclusión: el autismo es un trastorno que causa muchas adaptaciones y cambios en la vida de los familiares involucrados, surgiendo a la necesidad del apoyo de los profesionales de salud en el soporte de los cuidados prestados a estos niños.Descriptores: Autismo; Relaciones Familiares; Acontecimientos que cambian la vida; Enfermería.
Summary
Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 are varied in the general population. This study aimed to systematize the literature regarding clinical manifestations of patients with confirmed COVID-19. ...A systematic review of the literature was conducted. A total of 8070 scientific productions were found in the databases. Among the studies, 184 met the initial inclusion criteria, with a total of 114,046 patients. After complete reading, 32 studies that did not report clinical manifestations were excluded. The 152 publications finally included a total of 41,409 individuals from at least 23 countries and 26 different clinical manifestations were reported. In percentage terms, 6 symptoms had a general prevalence greater than or equal to 25%, namely, fever (58.66%), cough (54.52%), dyspnea (30.82%), malaise (29.75%), fatigue (28.16%) and sputum/secretion (25.33%). Neurological symptoms (20.82%), dermatological manifestations (20.45%), anorexia (20.26%), myalgia (16.9%), sneezing (14.71%), sore throat (14.41%), rhinitis (14.29%), goosebumps (13.49%), headache (12.17%), chest pain (11.49%) and diarrhea (9.59%) were other common symptoms. Only one study reported dermatological manifestations. The least frequent sign/symptom was hemoptysis (1.65%). In studies with more than 100 patients, the 3 main symptoms were fever (57.93%), cough (54.21%), and dyspnea (30.64%). Dermatological manifestations do not appear among the main symptoms. The identification of all clinical manifestations of COVID-19 is essential for an early diagnosis and the adoption of preventive measures.
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