We report on the first results from a new microwave cavity search for dark matter axions with masses above \(20~\mu\text{eV}\). We exclude axion models with two-photon coupling \(g_{a\gamma\gamma} ...\gtrsim 2\times10^{-14}~\text{GeV}^{-1}\) over the range \(23.55~\mu\text{eV} < m_a < 24.0~\mu\text{eV}\). These results represent two important achievements. First, we have reached cosmologically relevant sensitivity an order of magnitude higher in mass than any existing limits. Second, by incorporating a dilution refrigerator and Josephson parametric amplifier, we have demonstrated total noise approaching the standard quantum limit for the first time in an axion search.
Summary form only given. The NIF is the world's most powerful laser facility and is used for inertial confinement fusion experiments. One hundred and ninety two laser beams are used to compress a ...small capsule. X-ray framing cameras are an important diagnostic used to help characterize the dynamics of the capsule. The gated x-ray framing cameras consists of several key components including a pin hole array, microstrip/microchannel plate, pulsed phosphor, and either film pack or CCD for recording images 1 . The pin hole array is a thin piece of tantalum with small holes used to shield most of the incident x-rays, but allows some to be projected onto a microstrip/microchannel plate. When photons strike the microstrip/microchannel plate photoelectrons are created which can be accelerated through pores in the microchannel plate by pulsed voltages on the microstrips. The electrons are amplified in the pores by a secondary electron cascade. At the output of the microchannel plate the electrons are accelerated to a phosphor screen where the output can be recorded. The x-ray framing cameras have provided excellent information. As the yields at NIF have increased and the data provided by the framing cameras have been further resolved, some "streak" artifacts were discovered that needed further understanding 2 . A theory was proposed as to the origin of these artifacts 2 , as well as a mitigation strategy 2 . In this presentation we will discuss the results of electrostatic, full wave electromagnetic, and particle-in-cell simulations used to further understand the streaks in the data as well as simulation results for the mitigation strategy 2 used to help correct the problem. We will also discuss some simulation results that illustrate potential enhancements for future framing cameras.
We describe the RF Quantum Upconverter (RQU) and describe its application to quantum metrology of electromagnetic modes between dc and the Very High Frequency band (VHF) (\(\lesssim\)300MHz). The RQU ...uses a Josephson interferometer made up of superconducting loops and Josephson junctions to implement a parametric interaction between a low-frequency electromagnetic mode (between dc and VHF) and a mode in the microwave C Band (\(\sim\) 5GHz), analogous to the radiation pressure interaction between electromagnetic and mechanical modes in cavity optomechanics. The RQU can operate as a quantum-limited op-amp, or use protocols from optomechanics to implement non-classical measurement protocols equivalent to those used in cavity optomechanics, including back-action evading (BAE) measurements, sideband cooling, and two-mode squeezing. These protocols enable experiments using dc-VHF electromagnetic modes as quantum sensors.
The NIF is the world's most powerful laser facility and is used for inertial confinement fusion experiments. One hundred and ninety two laser beams are used to compress a small capsule. X-ray framing ...cameras are an important diagnostic used to help characterize the dynamics of the capsule. The gated x-ray framing cameras consists of several key components including a pin hole array, microstrips, microchannel plate (MCP), pulsed phosphor, and either film pack or CCD for recording images 1. The pin hole array is a thin piece of tantalum with small holes used to shield most of the incident x-rays, but allows some to be projected onto a microstrip/MCP. When photons strike the microstrip/MCP photoelectrons are created which can be accelerated through pores in the MCP by pulses on the microstrips. The electrons are amplified in the pores by a secondary electron cascade. At the output of the MCP the electrons are accelerated to a phosphor screen where the output is recorded. The x-ray framing cameras have provided excellent information. As the yields at NIF have increased and the data provided by the framing cameras have been further resolved, some "streak" artifacts were discovered that needed further understanding 2. A theory was proposed as to the origin of these artifacts 2, as well as a mitigation strategy 2. In this paper we will discuss the results of electrostatic, full wave electromagnetic, and particle-in-cell simulations used to further understand the streaks in the data as well as simulation results for the mitigation strategy used to help correct the problem. We will also discuss some simulation results that illustrate potential enhancements for future framing cameras.
The results of biomechanical investigations of the central incisor having the formed root by mathematical modeling methods are presented. The centre of resistance of a tooth, the optimal horizontal ...forces of action and reaction were determined. The advantage of discontinuous forces due to amortization influence of periodontal ligament fluid was biomechanically proven. The recommendations which were given after experiments and mathematical modelling were used during orthodontic treatment of 30 patients (12-18 years) with anomalies of dental arches and occlusions by mechanically acting appliances and combined ones. At the end of the treatment 90.0% of the patients had physiological teeth angulation, 93.3% had the physiological torque. However using the removable single-jaw mechanically acted appliances had not lead to improvement of the first Angle-Endruce's key in 50.0% of the patients and to elimination of gaps between teeth in 23.4% of the patients.
In 42 children aged 2 months to 16 years who had foreign bodies and blind wounds in the maxillofacial region, the authors examined the causes of damages which had caused penetration of foreign bodies ...into this anatomical part. Clinical examinations showed that there was a relationship between age, the nature of damage, and the variety of foreign bodies in children in contrast to adults. A working scheme was proposed, which reflects the nature of foreign bodies and blind maxillofacial wounds depending on the physiological periods of childhood.
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