This paper studies two disclosure regimes when a firm with superior private information must rely on a strategic certifier to disclose credibly its prospects. In the ex ante (ex post) disclosure ...regime, the firm must decide on whether to hire the certifier before (after) observing the certifier׳s noisy assessment. Endogenously determined certification fees can actually cause the disclosure probability to decrease in disclosure precision. In the ex ante regime, favorable disclosures are more informative than unfavorable disclosures because of additional positive signaling effect. In the ex post (ex ante) regime, the certifier has incentives to increase (decrease) the disclosure precision.
In this research, the pilot plant of a hybrid microfiltration (MF) and electrodialysis (ED) system was designed, constructed and employed successfully to remove the color and contaminants of paper ...industry wastewater. Microfiltration module comprising of ceramic membrane was used at constant pressure as a pretreatment step for the ED pilot scale unit operation. The ED stack consisted of 11 cation-exchange and 10 anion-exchange membrane pairs. Tubular ceramic module was employed to pre-filter the wastewater at 60
°C and ambient temperature. Electrodialysis was successfully applied for the treatment of paper industry effluent for the first time with MF as a pretreatment step. The combined hybrid process at the applied potential of 50
V showed a low content of total dissolved solids (TDS) of 546
mg/L, conductivity of 0.61
mS/cm, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of less than 20
mg/L. The hybrid MF/ED module used in this research gave a recovery and reuse of more than 90% of original wastewater. The proposed pilot plant was found to be more advantageous, since the ceramic membrane module used could withstand higher temperature of the discharged effluent and given the permeate that is free from the suspended particles of colloidal nature. It is also evident from the results that the hybrid process is more efficient than the single unit process.
The present paper is an investigation into how the Al2O3/SiO2 ratio in the compositions of mold slags influences the crystallization behavior of molten slags. The experimental work is based upon ...observing the crystallization events through a Confocal Scanning Laser Microscope equipped with a hot‐stage. The study is motivated by the variation in crystallization that might occur in mold slags due to the pickup of alumina during continuous casting of high Al containing TRIP steels. The crystallization temperature was found to increase with increasing Al2O3/SiO2 ratio, and the crystal morphology was dependent upon the chemical composition and isothermal temperature. The crystallization path was complex, with CaF2 found to precipitate first, and followed by a second precipitation event. In this second event, the precipitated phase depended on the chemical composition of mold slag and changed from cuspidine to gehlenite as the mass ratio of Al2O3/SiO2 was increased beyond 0.65, and finally Al2O3 was observed when the alumina content was 30wt.% (corresponding to a mass ratio of ${\rm m}_{{\rm Al}_{{\rm 2}} {\rm O}_{{\rm 3}} } {\rm /m}_{{\rm SiO}_{{\rm 2}} } $ = 1.42).
Digital Clubbing and Lung Cancer Sridhar, Kasi S.; Lobo, Christopher F.; Altman, Roy D.
Chest,
12/1998, Letnik:
114, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
To determine the relative frequency of clubbing in small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) versus non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC).
Examine patients with lung cancer for digital clubbing and relate the ...findings to the histopathologic subtype of lung cancer.
Cancer center at a tertiary teaching hospital.
One hundred and eleven consecutive patients with a pathological diagnosis of lung cancer examined by one physician (KSS).
None.
Clubbing was present in 32 (29%) of the 111 patients with lung cancer. Clubbing was more common in women (40%) than in men (19%; χ2 test p = 0.011), and was more common in patients with NSCLC (35%) than those with SCLC (4%; χ2 test p = 0.0036).
In a prospective study, digital clubbing was less frequently observed in men than women and in patients with SCLC than NSCLC. These clinical observations may assist in the initial evaluation of patients for planning workup and therapy.
Schiff bases and phenyl hydrazone of isatins were prepared by reacting isatin and the appropriate aromatic primary amine/hydrazines. A new series of the corresponding N-mannich bases were synthesized ...by reacting them with formaldehyde and diphenylamine. The chemical structures were confirmed by means of their 1H-NMR, IR spectral data and elemental analysis. The compounds were screened for analgesic, antiinflammatory and antipyretic activity. 1-Diphenylaminomethyl-3-(1-naphthylimino)-1,3-dihydroindol-3-one (4), 3-(1-naphthylimino)-5-bromo-1,3-dihydroindol-2-one (2) and 1-diphenylaminomethyl-3-(4-methylphenylimino)-1,3-dihydroindol-3-one (7) were found to exhibit the highest analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activity respectively. 1-Diphenylaminomethyl-3-(4-methylphenylimino)-1,3-dihydroindol-3-one (7) was found to be the most active compound of the series.
To compare the efficacy of phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) to epithelial debridement and polishing of Bowman's membrane using a diamond burr (DB) in the treatment of recurrent corneal erosions ...associated with anterior basement membrane (ABM) dystrophy.
Retrospective nonrandomized comparative trial.
Medical records of 39 patients (42 eyes) who underwent a PTK or DB procedure for recurrent corneal erosions associated with ABM dystrophy between March 1992 and June 2000 were reviewed. History of injury, prior treatment received, and the corneal slit-lamp findings were noted in all patients. In both procedures, all loose epithelium was completely removed. In PTK patients, 5 microm of Bowman's membrane was ablated with the excimer laser. In patients who underwent DB treatment, a hand-held battery-driven diamond dusted burr was used to gently and uniformly polish Bowman's membrane in the area of the epithelial defect.
Symptomatic improvement, recurrence of painful erosions, development of haze, and change in the visual acuity. Statistical analysis was performed for comparison of data between the two groups.
Fifteen eyes of 14 patients underwent PTK, and 27 eyes of 25 patients underwent epithelial debridement and DB treatment. In the PTK group, mild haze was seen in five (35.7%) eyes. Recurrence of painful erosions was seen in four eyes (26.7%). The mean follow-up was 17.6 +/- 5.7 months (range, 0.7-81.9 months). Best-corrected visual acuity was better in five eyes (35.7%) after the procedure and the same in nine eyes (64.3%). In the DB group, mild haze was seen in seven eyes (25.9%). Recurrence of painful erosions was seen in three eyes (11.1%). The mean duration of follow-up was 6.7 months (range, 1-24.2 months). Best-corrected visual acuity was better in 3 eyes (14.3%), the same in 17 eyes (81%), and worse in 1 eye (4.8%) after the procedure. Final visual acuity was not available for one eye in the PTK group and 6 eyes in the DB group. There was no statistically significant difference in haze (Fisher's exact test, P = 0.38), recurrence of erosions (Kaplan-Meier analysis with log rank, P = 0.73), and vision being better or the same (Fisher's exact test, P = 0.6) between the PTK and DB groups.
Both PTK and DB treatment are effective methods of treating recurrent corneal erosions associated with ABM dystrophy. Diamond burr treatment, being a simpler, less expensive office procedure with a tendency toward lesser incidence of haze and recurrence in this study, seems to have advantages over PTK in the treatment of recurrent corneal erosions. Further prospective studies are required to confirm the long-term efficacy of DB treatment in the management of recurrent corneal erosions associated with ABM dystrophy.
An unusual cause of progressive quadriparesis Upreti, Vimal; Sridhar, M S; Dhull, Pawan ...
Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism,
10/2013, Letnik:
17, Številka:
Suppl 1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Thyroid carcinoma is a rare cause of compressive myelopathy. Quadriparesis as the presenting manifestation of follicular carcinoma of thyroid without any preceding features of malignancy is quite ...uncommon. We describe a case of a 55-year-old woman who presented with progressive quadriparesis of 2 months duration, on evaluation was found to have a large tumor destroying C1, C2 vertebrae and occupying craniovertebral junction. Histopathological examination of excised tumor was follicular thyroid carcinoma. She was successfully managed with surgical excision, stabilization of spine followed by radiotherapy.
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