The 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is a first-line diagnostic tool for patients with cardiac symptoms. As observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, the ECG is essential to the initial patient ...evaluation. The novel KardioPal three-lead-based ECG reconstructive technology provides a potential alternative to a standard ECG, reducing the response time and cost of treatment and improving patient comfort. Our study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a reconstructed 12-lead ECG obtained by the KardioPal technology, comparing it with the standard 12-lead ECG, and to assess the feasibility and time required to obtain a reconstructed ECG in a real-life scenario. A prospective, nonrandomized, single-center, adjudicator-blinded trial was conducted on 102 patients during the COVID-19 pandemic at the Dedinje Cardiovascular Institute in Belgrade. The KardioPal system demonstrated a high feasibility rate (99%), with high specificity (96.3%), sensitivity (95.8%), and diagnostic accuracy (96.1%) for obtaining clinically relevant matching of reconstructed 12-lead compared to the standard 12-lead ECG recording. This novel technology provided a significant reduction in ECG acquisition time and the need for personnel and space for obtaining ECG recordings, thereby reducing the risk of viral transmission and the burden on an already overwhelmed healthcare system such as the one experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Eliminating Leakage in Reverse Fuzzy Extractors Schaller, Andre; Stanko, Taras; Skoric, Boris ...
IEEE transactions on information forensics and security,
2018-April, 2018-4-00, Letnik:
13, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
In recent years, physically unclonable functions (PUFs) have been proposed as a promising building block for key storage and device authentication. PUFs are physical systems, and as such, their ...responses are inherently noisy, precluding a straightforward derivation of cryptographic key material from raw PUF measurements. To overcome this drawback, fuzzy extractors are used to eliminate the noise and guarantee robust outputs. A special type is reverse fuzzy extractors, shifting the computational load of error correction toward a computationally powerful verifier. However, the reverse fuzzy extractor reveals error patterns to any eavesdropper, which may cause privacy issues (due to a systematic drift of the PUF responses, the error pattern is linkable to the identity) and even security problems (if the noise is data-dependent). In this paper, we quantify the issue of leakage due to asymmetry of noise, leveraging the binary asymmetric channel (BAC) model. We further propose to concatenate two BACs to form a symmetric channel, as a solution that is able to eliminate such noise. Finally, we propose a modified reverse fuzzy extractor that does not leak via the error patterns even in the case of systematic drift of the PUF responses.
Nowadays are developed the global ambition to increase the environmental awareness of European countries. The result is the creation of new environmental directives and acts. Several tools have been ...developed to assess environmental impacts, some of them are mandatory as Environmental Impact Assessment or Environmental Risk Management (are set in Act no.24/2006 Coll.) and some of them are optionally. The best known optional tools are Eco-Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS), Green Public Procurement (GPP) or Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and over time are more commonly used. The contribution is aimed at assessing the environmental impacts of the wastewater treatment process within the wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The application of LCA analysis of wastewater treatment plants do not belong to commonly used environmental management tools in Slovakia, but in the world, it is often used. The wastewater treatment plant assessment is focused to the analysis of the individual factors identified by the physical-chemical analysis of wastewater.
Storm water management in urbanized areas is currently a global issue. In order to verify the correct functioning of the sewer networks and their objects, it is necessary to regularly assess their ...hydraulic capacity. Key of assessing the capacity of single and rainwater sewer networks is the calculation of the amount of surface runoff and the selection of a suitable design rainfall model. This article deals with the issue of effective decision making in the choice of the design rainfall for the hydraulic assessment of the sewer systems. DATER (decisive analytical tool for effective rainfall) was used as a analytical tool for rain analysis. This article incorporates case study in town of Vráble. During this research, several meteorological stations have been allocated in the area of interest in order to record actual rainfall data leading to its comparison with synthetic design rainfall.
Wastewater treatment process consists of several steps. Separation of sludge from water is one of the essential. Correct design of the settling tanks is therefore crucial for its operation. In case ...that these objects don’t work properly, they cause problems in the whole ecosystem as they lead to the increased load to the recipients. In this paper proper data collecting method is investigated and data collection is described. Actual point velocity of flow in the secondary settling tank was measured in several points throughout the tank. Measurement was carried out in WWTP Dolný Kubín and WWTP Nižná nad Oravou in Slovakia and these data are used for model calibration and verification. Consequently, simulation of the flow in the tank will be provided. Modelling of the flow in this type of conditions is difficult therefore it is necessary to find right tool to perform precise work. Data that were obtained by measurement have been supplemented by the data provided by the operation of the WWTP.
The necessity of leachates treatment from the waste landfills by new ways becomes increasingly more marked. Leachates contain toxic ingredients such as pesticides, dyes, and hormonal agents, which ...necessarily need to be removed from the environment. It is because of their genotoxicity and estrogenic activity. The main aim of this article is to point out the possibility of using ultrasound in removing ammonia from hazardous landfills leachate. In addition to ultrasound degradation, the possibility of addition of the H
2
O
2
was also studied. System ultrasound/H
2
O
2
was proved to be more effective in removing ammonia and organic pollution than ultrasound alone. Tested leachate contains 3.20 g/dm
3
N-NH
4
+
, 15 mg/dm
3
CN
−
, and 4.4 g/dm
3
chemical oxygen demand (COD). We achieved degradation efficiency of 63% of ammonia which means final concentration of 1.12 g/dm
3
N-NH
4
+
, after using pretreatment with the most efficient system H
2
O
2
and ultrasound. COD removal efficiency was 56% (1.95 g/dm
3
COD). We achieved the value 10.2 mg/dm
3
for cyanide, which means 65%.
Graphical abstract
Sewerage networks form an integral part of urban infrastructure. It is necessary to reconsider the outdated concept of sewer networks and rainwater management in cities that do not meet sustainable ...development ideas. The new understanding of rainwater management needs to be adapted to the new environmental conditions caused by climate change. The occurrence of pluvial floods has recently become an increasingly common phenomenon. The reasons are outdated sewer networks, rapid urbanization, an increase in impervious areas, and changes in the characteristics of rainfall events caused by climate change. The aim of the paper is to examine the conditions of pluvial floods in urban areas. With the help of literature research, the leading causes and primary conditions of urban floods were summarized. More than 40 scientific publications in this area were studied during the research. The results of the investigated studies demonstrate the need to change the design concept of urban sewer networks. The usual method of wastewater management in cities was based on the concept of the fastest drainage of water from an urbanized area. This concept ensures the prevention of endangering human lives and property, limiting traffic and the negative impact of these waters on surface and groundwater quality. At present, high demands are placed on the protection of the urban environment. Many sewer networks were designed in the last century based on the conditions of the time. Due to the new conditions resulting from climate change, it is necessary to re-evaluate the functionality and capacity of individual networks.
The development of urban areas, transport, and technical infrastructure is one of the natural phenomena that have been going on for several centuries. In recent years, due to migration population in ...many developed countries occurs a rapid increase of impervious areas in urban agglomerations. The rapid development of an impervious surface can cause changes in the hydrological and climatical characteristics of the area. As a result of these changes, surface runoff is creating. Surface runoff is an area source of pollution, occurring mainly during short, intense rains or flash floods. It is primarily formed in sloping or urban areas, where there is a lack of infiltration and retention objects to capture and temporarily retain rainwater. The occurrence of pollutants in surface runoff depends on land use and internal and external factors such as characteristics of air and soil pollutants, intensity and duration of precipitation, and other less important factors. The nature of pollutants in surface runoff in urban areas is diverse. Based on many studies, it can be said that the sources of contaminants in surface runoff coming from the air and paved areas like roads, roofs of buildings, facades, parking, and other impervious areas. The adverse effects of pollutants in the surface runoff negatively affect the environment. Therefore, the research study focuses on assessing the impact of contaminants in the air and on the surface of paved areas on the quality of surface runoff in urban areas. The study results could help design the proper management of surface runoff in urban agglomerations concerning environmental protection and the possibility of rainwater harvesting.
Combined sewerage is the most widespread method of wastewater management in the world. Sewage and rainwater are discharged through a combined piping system, which affects overloading the sewer ...networks during extreme rains. This method of wastewater disposal is the oldest type of sewerage. At present, this method is described as less suitable in opposite to rather on the construction of a divided sewerage system, where wastewater and rainwater flow through separate pipes. The main disadvantage of the combined sewer overflow chambers is the possible leakage of contaminants into the recipient. In the Slovak Republic, combined sewer overflow chambers are most often used to efficiently manage and separate rainwater. In this paper, we focus on the most commonly used types of chambers, emphasizing the efficiency of their operation. The most commonly used relief chambers are with a high overflow edge, on which rakes are placed to catch floating waste. These combined sewer overflow chambers are then divided according to the location of the overflow edge into three basic types: with a front overflow, with a side overflow, and with a double-sided side overflow.
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