In this study a generalised dynamic neural network (GDNN) was designed to process gait analysis parameters to evaluate equinus deformity in ambulatory children with cerebral palsy. The aim was to ...differentiate dynamic calf muscle tightness from fixed muscle contracture. Patients underwent clinical examination and had instrumented gait analysis before evaluating their equinus under anaesthesia and muscle relaxation at the time of surgery to improve gait. The performance of the clinical examination, the subjective interpretation of gait analysis results, and the application of the neural network to assess ankle function were compared to the examination under anaesthesia. Evaluation of equinus by a Neural Network showed high sensitivity and specificity values with a likelihood ratio of +14.63. The results indicate that dynamic calf muscle tightness can be differentiated from fixed calf muscle contracture with considerable precision that might facilitate clinical decision-making.
If robots are to cooperate with humans in an increasingly human-like manner, then significant progress must be made in their abilities to observe and learn to perform novel goal directed actions in a ...flexible and adaptive manner. The current research addresses this challenge. In CHRIS.I 1, we developed a platform-independent perceptual system that learns from observation to recognize human actions in a way which abstracted from the specifics of the robotic platform, learning actions including “put X on Y” and “take X”. In the current research, we extend this system from action perception to execution, consistent with current developmental research in human understanding of goal directed action and teleological reasoning. We demonstrate the platform independence with experiments on three different robots. In Experiments 1 and 2 we complete our previous study of perception of actions “put” and “take” demonstrating how the system learns to execute these same actions, along with new related actions “cover” and “uncover” based on the composition of action primitives “grasp X” and “release X at Y”. Significantly, these compositional action execution specifications learned on one iCub robot are then executed on another, based on the abstraction layer of motor primitives. Experiment 3 further validates the platform-independence of the system, as a new action that is learned on the iCub in Lyon is then executed on the Jido robot in Toulouse. In Experiment 4 we extended the definition of action perception to include the notion of agency, again inspired by developmental studies of agency attribution, exploiting the Kinect motion capture system for tracking human motion. Finally in Experiment 5 we demonstrate how the combined representation of action in terms of perception and execution provides the basis for imitation. This provides the basis for an open ended cooperation capability where new actions can be learned and integrated into shared plans for cooperation. Part of the novelty of this research is the robots' use of spoken language understanding and visual perception to generate action representations in a platform independent manner based on physical state changes. This provides a flexible capability for goal-directed action imitation.
785 Limitations in elastography based prostate biopsy Grindei-Nevrincean, M; Schiffmann, J; Tian, Z ...
European urology supplements : official journal of the European Association of Urology,
March 2016, Letnik:
15, Številka:
3
Journal Article
We sought to compare the outcomes of low/moderate complexity patients treated with the Absorb BVS from the ABSORB EXTEND trial with patients treated with the XIENCE everolimus-eluting stent (EES), ...using propensity score (PS) matching of pooled data from the SPIRIT trials (SPIRIT II, SPIRIT III, SPIRIT IV) and the XIENCE V USA trial.
ABSORB EXTEND was a prospective, single-arm, open-label clinical study in which 812 patients were enrolled at 56 sites. This study allowed the treatment of lesions ≤28 mm in length and with a reference vessel diameter of 2.0-3.8 mm (as assessed by online QCA). The propensity score was obtained by fitting a logistic regression model with the cohort indicator as the binary outcome and other variables as the predictor variables. At one-year clinical follow-up, there was no statistical difference between groups with regard to MACE (5.0% vs. 4.8%, p=0.83), target lesion failure (5.0% vs. 4.7%, p=0.74), ischaemia-driven target vessel revascularisation (2.3% vs. 3.0%, p=0.38) and device thrombosis (1.0% vs. 0.3%, p=0.11). Myocardial infarction was higher with Absorb (3.3% vs. 1.5%, p=0.02), at the expense of periprocedural CK-MB elevation. Independent predictors of MACE among patients receiving Absorb BVS were treatment of multivessel disease, insulin-dependent diabetes and performance of post-dilation.
At one-year follow-up, propensity score-matched analysis demonstrated that the clinical safety and effectiveness of Absorb are comparable to those of XIENCE EES among non-complex patients treated with PCI.
DEUTSCH: Die unterschiedliche Grundfutterqualitaet wurde bei Heu und Grassilage durch die Wahl verschiedener Vegetationsstadien und bei Maissilage durch verschiedene Kornanteile erzielt. Die ...Grundfutterqualitaet hatte einen ueberragenden Einfluss auf die Futter- und Naehrstoffaufnahme. Die Grundfutteraufnahme ging pro kg TS Kraftfutter linear um 0.28 kg TS zurueck. Hochsign. Wechselwirkung zwischen Kraftfutterniveau und Rasse (Fleckvieh, Holstein Friesian). Fuer hohe Milchleistungen ist sowohl eine Grundfutterqualitaet als auch eine entsprechende Kraftfutterergaenzung erforderlich, eine schlechte Grundfutterqualitaet kann nicht durch hohe Kraftfuttergaben wettgemacht werden.
Permanent grassland of a typical Alpine region in Austria (Styria, 700 m above sea level, 1100 mm precipitation) was cut either 2, 3 or 4 times per year, conserved as barn-dried hay and fed to dairy ...cows at three concentrate levels zero, concentrate according to requirements or 25% of dry matter (DM) intake concentrate. Fertilisation levels were 32 m3 slurry with or without 100 kg N ha−1 mineral N. Because of lower DM yield (8.65, 8.05, 6.51 t ha−1) and higher forage intake (10.4, 13.2 and 15.3 kg DM) the potential stocking rate decreased with increasing cutting frequency. Milk yield and N excretion per cow increased with increasing cutting frequency. When milk yield and N excretion were related to the forage area there was only a small influence of cutting frequency at the low level of concentrate. When the forage was supplemented with concentrate according to requirements, both milk yield and N excretion per ha decreased with increasing cutting frequency. Additional fertilisation of 100 kg mineral N increased the amount of slurry from 37.5 to 41.4 m3 ha−1 forage and excretion of N from 149 to 160 kg ha−1 forage.
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