Acidothermophilic bacteria of the genus
Alicyclobacillus
are frequent contaminants of fruit-based products. This study is the first attempt to characterize the physico-chemical surface properties of ...two
Alicyclobacillus
sp. and quantify their adhesion disposition to model materials diethylaminoethyl (DEAE), carboxyl- and octyl-modified magnetic beads representing materials with different surface properties used in the food industry. An insight into the mechanism of adhesion was gained through comparison of experimental adhesion intensities with predictions of a colloidal interaction model (XDLVO). Experimental data (contact angles, zeta potentials, size) on interacting surfaces (cells and materials) were used as inputs into the XDLVO model. The results revealed that the most significant adhesion occurred at pH 3. Adhesion of both vegetative cells and spores of two
Alicyclobacillus
sp. to all materials studied was the most pronounced under acidic conditions, and adhesion was influenced mostly by electrostatic attractions. The most intensive adhesion of vegetative cells and spores at pH 3 was observed for DEAE followed by hydrophobic octyl and hydrophilic carboxyl surfaces. Overall, the lowest rate of adhesion between cells and model materials was observed at an alkaline pH. Consequently, prevention of adhesion should be based on the use of alkaline sanitizers and/or alkaline rinse water.
Spore-forming thermophilic bacteria of the genus
Geobacillus
and
Anoxybacillus
are frequent contaminants in dairy industry. This study is the first attempt to apply models of physicochemical ...interactions (thermodynamic, DLVO, and XDLVO) to quantify their adhesion properties to stainless steel particles (SSP). The predictions of interaction models were compared with experimental data (contact angles, zeta potentials, size) regarding interacting surfaces (cells and SSP). Adhesion intensities (AI) were determined experimentally taking advantage of the magnetic properties of particulate stainless steel. The importance of weak physicochemical interactions was estimated by comparison of experimental AI with model predictions of colloidal interactions. The results revealed that the most reliable description of AI was obtained using the XDLVO model, including Lifshitz–van der Waals (LW), acid–base, and electrostatic (EL) interactions. The AI of cells to SSP at an ionic strength of 10 mM decreased in the order
G. stearothermophilus
DSM 456 >
A
.
flavithermus
DSM 2641 >
G
.
stearothermophilus
DSM 22, and the differences were statistically significant. At a higher ionic strength (100 mM), the highest AI was observed for
A
.
flavithermus
DSM 2641, but the differences between species studied were statistically insignificant. The main driving force for bacterial adhesion to SSP at 10 mM was EL interactions, while at 100 mM, the XDLVO model predicted favorable interactions between
A
.
flavithermus
DSM 2641 and SSP due to attractive LW forces.
The adhesion molecules identified in recent years can help improve the diagnosis of the wound age, especially of injuries with a short survival time. This is also indicative of the vitality of the ...wounds. The material investigated in the study originated from 465 skin wounds. The samples were taken from human autopsy material, during the surgical treatment of wounds (excision) of patients and from experimental incised wounds of mice. To judge the age of skin wounds the endothelial adhesion molecules were detected in paraffin sections after autoclaving and using the ABC technique. Human skin wounds: strong positive staining was observed of ICAM-1 1.5 h at the earliest and 3.5 days at the latest, for the P-selectin 3 min at the earliest and 7 h at the latest, for the E-selectin 1 h at the earliest and 17 days at the latest and for VCAM-1 3 h at the earliest and 3.5 days at the latest after the time of injury. The L-selectin was expressed constitutively. Mice skin wounds: strong positive immunohistochemical reactions were found as a rule earlier than in human skin wounds. The detection of an increased expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and P- and E-selectins can improve the wound age assessment in injuries with short survival times.
This paper presents the most important historical facts about all forensic medicine workplaces in the Czech Republic since the beginning till present day, including a perspective on how to establish ...a new one. Each of the University Forensic Medicine Institutes or district Departments is covered by at least one author. The oldest institute is in Prague and in Brno, the youngest is in Pardubice.
U radu su ukratko navedeni najvažniji podaci o povijesti svih medicinskih odjela za sudsku medicinu u Češkoj Republici od samih početaka pa do današnjice, uključujući perspektivu
i mogućnosti za ...osnivanje novih. Svaki od sveučilišnih instituta i okružnih odjela zastupa minimalno jedan autor. Najstarija povijest sudske medicine je naravno u Pragu i u Brnu. Najmlađi odjel je u Pardubicama.
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