Abstract The photoelectrochemical (PEC) method has the potential to be an attractive route for converting and storing solar energy as chemical bonds. In this study, a maximum NH 3 production yield of ...1.01 g L −1 with a solar‐to‐ammonia conversion efficiency of 8.17% through the photovoltaic electrocatalytic (PV‐EC) nitrate (NO 3 − ) reduction reaction (NO 3 − RR) is achieved, using silicon heterojunction solar cell technology. Additionally, the effect of tuning the operation potential of the PV‐EC system and its influence on product selectivity are systematically investigated. By using this unique external resistance tuning approach in the PV‐EC system, ammonia production through nitrate reduction performance from 96 to 360 mg L −1 is enhanced, a four‐fold increase. Furthermore, the NH 3 is extracted as NH 4 Cl powder using acid stripping, which is essential for storing chemical energy. This work demonstrates the possibility of tuning product selectivity in PV‐EC systems, with prospects toward pilot scale on value‐added product synthesis.
In this work, we report perovskite solar cells in the planar p–i–n configuration based on single-step, anti-solvent-free, low-temperature (70 °C) slot-die-coated methylammonium lead tri-iodide ...(MAPbI3). The devices are fabricated on hydrophobic poly(triarylamine) (PTAA) surfaces, using key strategies such as solvent engineering, enhanced ink–substrate dynamics, and surface passivation, enabling a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.8%. We also adapted the technique to achieve the first slot-die-coated perovskite/silicon monolithic 2-terminal tandems, achieving a PCE of 23.8% utilizing a textured silicon bottom cell.
Chondrosarcomas are a heterogenous group of cartilaginous matrix-producing malignant neoplasms. They have varied morphological features and different clinical behaviors. The tumors usually range from ...benign low-grade tumors or intermediate atypical cartilaginous tumors (ACTs), to malignant, aggressive high-grade tumors. A multidisciplinary team at a tertiary sarcoma centre allows for optimal management of these patients. To determine the clinicopathological and survival outcomes of patients of chondrosarcoma, we report a total of 20 cases in the last 10 years at our institution. Our results have shown that chondrosarcomas occurred in different age groups and most common location was in axial skeleton. Most common histological type was conventional chondrosarcoma and majority were high grade tumors. All patients had undergone surgery and majority of the patients were alive after many years of treatment with an overall survival of 85%. Long term survival of patients is attributed to completeness of surgical resection.
The absence of a graft-versus-malignancy (GVM) effect may be responsible for the higher relapse rate seen after autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (auto-HCT) compared with allogeneic ...hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Acute GVHD developing after allo-HCT, however, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. An autoimmune syndrome similar to acute GVHD has been reported to occur after auto-HCT and has been termed the 'auto-aggression' syndrome or autologous GVHD (auto-GVHD). Auto-GVHD tends to be milder than classical GVHD, most commonly involves the skin (rarely the gastrointestinal tract, liver or both) and often is self-limited. Auto-GVHD has been reported to occur both spontaneously and in subjects receiving post transplant immune modulation with CsA, IFN-gamma or the combination. The development of auto-GVHD depends upon the derangement of self tolerance either through administration of post transplant CsA, depletion of regulatory T cells following the preparative chemoradiotherapy or both. Self-reactive CD8(+) T cells paradoxically are able to recognize a self peptide antigen presented by MHC class II molecules and appear to mediate the syndrome. Many clinical trials have been performed using CsA with or without IFN-gamma in an attempt to induce auto-GVHD. While many patients do indeed develop the syndrome, any associated anti-tumor effect remains questionable to date. New strategies to exploit auto-GVHD and enhance a GVM effect such as through the depletion of regulatory T cells or through use of newer immunomodulatory agents may improve the efficacy of auto-HCT.
Uterine Sarcoma: The Indian Scenario Sivakumari, S.; Rajaraman, R.; Subbiah, S.
Indian journal of surgical oncology,
09/2015, Letnik:
6, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Uterine sarcomas are rare, highly malignant tumours comprising < 1 % of all gynaecologic malignancies. To evaluate clinical presentation, histolopathologic pattern and outcome of uterine sarcomas ...presenting to a tertiary referral centre over an 8 year period (2004–2012). All histologically proven uterine sarcomas were retrospectively analysed. Clinical presentation, histology, treatment and outcome were analysed. Mean age was 42 years. Predominant histopathology was endometrial stromal sarcoma (
n
= 13); 9 were low grade, carcinosarcoma (
n
= 8) and leiomyosarcoma (
n
= 2). Fourteen patients had Stage I disease, 3 Stage II, 4 Stage III and 2 were Stage IV at presentation. Patients with disease confined to uterus received no adjuvant treatment (61 %). Of these, 11 were endometrial stromal sarcoma (7 were low grade) and 3 were carcinosarcomas. Four patients received adjuvant EBRT following hysterectomy (17 %). Two patients who presented with metastases received palliative chemotherapy. Mean follow-up period was 46 months (0–86 months). Eleven patients (47 %) developed disease recurrence. Seven (30 %) had local recurrence, while 4 (17 %) developed pulmonary metastases. A total of eight patients died and all deaths were within 1 year of recurrence. The only prognostic factor that correlated with survival was the stage of disease at diagnosis.
Effect of cold work on the mechanical response of drawn gold wire is studied using finite element (FE) simulations. The drawing simulations were conducted in a single stage as well as multi-stage, ...i.e. two steps for the equivalent area reduction on a micrometer size gold wire. The effect of wire drawing process parameters such as die angle, coefficient of friction and area reduction were considered for the simulations. A clear variation in residual stresses from tensile to compressive is seen across the wire cross-section. Mechanical properties are assessed via residual stress state and the hardness variation across the drawn wire cross-section; the hardness is determined using simulated micro-indentation tests. The effect of this stress is also observed in the indentation response. In the area of tensile residual stresses increasing pile-up was seen at the indenter edges, while in the area of compressive stresses the opposite was observed. The results clearly show the dominating role played by the residual compressive and tensile stresses across the wire section in its mechanical response.
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