Objective
The differential diagnosis of bipolar illness vs. borderline personality is controversial. Both conditions manifest impulsive behavior, unstable interpersonal relationships, and mood ...symptoms. This study examines whether and which mood clinical features can differentiate between both conditions.
Method
A total of 260 patients (mean ± standard deviation age 41 ± 13 years, 68% female) attending to a mood clinic were examined for diagnosis of bipolar illness and borderline personality disorder using SCID‐I, SCID‐II, and clinical mood criteria extracted from Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ). They were analyzed using diagnoses as dependent variables. Predictors of bipolar and borderline diagnoses were identified by multivariable logistic regressions, and predictive validity of models was assessed using ROC curve analysis.
Results
Bipolar illness was strongly predicted by elevated mood (OR = 4.02, 95% CI: 1.80–9.15), increased goal‐directed activities (OR = 3.90, 95% CI: 1.73–8.96), and episodicity of mood symptoms (OR = 3.48, 95% CI 1.49–8.39). This triad model predicted bipolar illness with 88.7% sensitivity, 81.4% specificity, and obtained an auROC of 0.91 (95% CI: 0.76–0.96) and a positive predictive value of 85.1%. For borderline personality disorder, only female gender was a statistically significant predictor (OR = 3.41, 95% CI: 1.29–13.7), and the predictive model obtained an auROC of 0.67 (95% CI: 0.53–0.74).
Conclusion
In a mood disorder clinic setting, manic criteria and episodic mood course distinguished bipolar illness from borderline personality disorder.
Prophylactic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines have to provide sustained protection. We assessed efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of the HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine up to 6.4 years.
Women ...aged 15-25 years, with normal cervical cytology, who were HPV-16/18 seronegative and oncogenic HPV DNA-negative (14 types) at screening participated in a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled initial study (n=1113; 560 vaccine group vs 553 placebo group) and follow-up study (n=776; 393 vs 383). 27 sites in three countries participated in the follow-up study. Cervical samples were tested every 6 months for HPV DNA. Management of abnormal cytologies was prespecified, and HPV-16/18 antibody titres were assessed. The primary objective was to assess long-term vaccine efficacy in the prevention of incident cervical infection with HPV 16 or HPV 18, or both. We report the analyses up to 6.4 years of this follow-up study and combined with the initial study. For the primary endpoint, the efficacy analysis was done in the according-to-protocol (ATP) cohort; the analysis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 and above (CIN2+) was done in the total vaccinated cohort (TVC). The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00120848.
For the combined analysis of the initial and follow-up studies, the ATP efficacy cohort included 465 women in the vaccine group and 454 in the placebo group; the TVC included 560 women in the vaccine group and 553 in the placebo group. Vaccine efficacy against incident infection with HPV 16/18 was 95.3% (95% CI 87.4-98.7) and against 12-month persistent infection was 100% (81.8-100). Vaccine efficacy against CIN2+ was 100% (51.3-100) for lesions associated with HPV-16/18 and 71.9% (20.6-91.9) for lesions independent of HPV DNA. Antibody concentrations by ELISA remained 12-fold or more higher than after natural infection (both antigens). Safety outcomes were similar between groups: during the follow-up study, 30 (8%) participants reported a serious adverse event in the vaccine group versus 37 (10%) in the placebo group. None was judged related or possibly related to vaccination, and no deaths occurred.
Our findings show excellent long-term efficacy, high and sustained immunogenicity, and favourable safety of the HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine up to 6.4 years.
GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals (Belgium).
The anomalous frequency dependence observed for the magneto-electric effect in the Bose glass state of dichloro-tetrakis-thoiurea-nickel doped with bromine is analyzed in terms of the hierarchical ...droplet model of spin glasses. In this model low energy barriers must be overcome before accessing higher energy states leading to scaling laws for the spin correlation functions and an associated frequency dependence for transition rates.
•Magnetoelectric effect in Bose glass system has anomalous frequency dependence.•Droplet model for dynamics of frustrated spin glasses used to analyze dependence.•Scaling laws for quantum spin glasses are applicable.
The paper reports on a study which tested whether infants high in negative affectivity are differentially susceptible to observed coparenting behavior in relation to their subsequent social–emotional ...development. Data came from a longitudinal study of 182 US dual-earner, primiparous couples and their infant children. At nine-months postpartum, child negative affectivity was reported by mothers and fathers and supportive and undermining coparenting behavior were assessed from mother-father-infant observations. At 27-months mothers reported on toddlers’ externalizing behavior and dysregulation using a clinical assessment tool designed to identify competencies and areas of concern in toddlers’ social–emotional development. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed partial support for the differential susceptibility hypothesis. Specifically, infants high in negative affectivity had lower levels of dysregulation when embedded in a more supportive coparenting context, and higher levels of dysregulation when embedded in a less supportive coparenting context. In contrast, supportive coparenting behavior was not relevant for the dysregulation of infants initially low in negative affectivity.
Design and performance of the ADMX SQUID-based microwave receiver Asztalos, S.J.; Carosi, G.; Hagmann, C. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
11/2011, Letnik:
656, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The Axion Dark Matter eXperiment (ADMX) was designed to detect ultra-weakly interacting relic axion particles by searching for their conversion to microwave photons in a resonant cavity positioned in ...a strong magnetic field. Given the extremely low expected axion–photon conversion power we have designed, built and operated a microwave receiver based on a Superconducting QUantum Interference Device (SQUID). We describe the ADMX receiver in detail as well as the analysis of narrow band microwave signals. We demonstrate the sustained use of a SQUID amplifier operating between 812 and 860MHz with a noise temperature of 1K. The receiver has a noise equivalent power of 1.1×10−24W/Hz in the band of operation for an integration time of 1.8×103s.
We compare the energy gap of the ν = 5/2 fractional quantum Hall effect state obtained in conventional high mobility modulation-doped quantum-well samples with those obtained in high quality GaAs ...transistors (heterojunction insulated gate field-effect transistors). We are able to identify the different roles that long-range and short-range disorders play in the 5/2 state and observe that the long-range potential fluctuations are more detrimental to the strength of the 5/2 state than short-range potential disorder.
Nonvirialized dark-matter axions may be present in the Milky Way halo in the form of low-velocity-dispersion flows. The Axion Dark-Matter eXperiment performed a search for the conversion of these ...axions into microwave photons using a resonant cavity immersed in a strong, static magnetic field. The spread of photon energy in these measurements was measured at spectral resolutions of the order of 1 Hz and below. If the energy variation were this small, the frequency modulation of any real axion signal due to the orbital and rotational motion of Earth would become non-negligible. Conservative estimates of the expected signal modulation were made and used as a guide for the search procedure. The photon frequencies covered by this search are 812–852 and 858–892 MHz, which correspond to an axion mass of 3.36–3.52 and 3.55–3.69 μeV. No axion signal was found, and limits were placed on the maximum local density of nonvirialized axions of these masses.
Abstract Background Despite availability of validated screening tests for mood disorders, busy general practitioners (GPs) often lack the time to use them routinely. This study aimed to develop a ...simplified clinical predictive score to help screen for presence of current mood disorder in low-income primary care settings. Methods In a cross-sectional study, 197 patients seen at 10 primary care centers in Santiago, Chile completed self-administered screening tools for mood disorders: the Patient Health questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ). To determine participants’ current-point mood disorder status, trained clinicians applied a gold-standard diagnostic interview (SCID-I). A simplified clinical predictive model (CM) was developed based on clinical features and selected questions from the screening tools. Using CM, a clinical predictive score (PS) was developed. Full PHQ-9 and GP assessment were compared with PS. Results Using multivariate logistic regression, clinical and demographic variables predictive of current mood disorder were identified for a simplified 8-point predictive score (PS). PS had better discrimination than GP assessment (auROC-statistic=0.80 95% CI 0.72, 0.85 vs. 0.58 95% CI 0.52, 0.62 p -value <0.0001), but not as good as the full PHQ-9 (0.89 95% CI 0.85, 0.93, p -value=0.03). Compared with GP assessment, PS increased sensitivity by 50% at a fixed specificity of 90%. Administered in a typical primary care clinical population, it correctly predicted almost 80% of cases. Limitations Further research must verify external validity of the PS. Conclusion An easily administered clinical predictive score determined, with reasonable accuracy, the current risk of mood disorders in low-income primary care settings.
We investigate reentrant and dielectric loaded cavities for the purpose of extending the range of axion cavity haloscopes to lower masses, below the range where the Axion Dark Matter experiment ...(ADMX) has already searched. Reentrant and dielectric loaded cavities were simulated numerically to calculate and optimize their form factors and quality factors. A prototype reentrant cavity was built and its measured properties were compared with the simulations. We estimate the sensitivity of axion dark matter searches using reentrant and dielectric loaded cavities inserted in the existing ADMX magnet at the University of Washington and a large magnet being installed at Fermilab.
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