Y0.9(GdxBi1−x)0.1BO3 phosphors (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0, YGB) were obtained via high-temperature solid-state synthesis. Differentiated phases and micro-morphologies were determined by ...adjusting the synthesis temperature and the activator content of Gd3+ ions, verifying the hexagonal phase with an average size of ~200 nm. Strong photon emissions were revealed under both ultraviolet and visible radiation, and the effectiveness of energy transfer from Bi3+ to Gd3+ ions was confirmed to improve the narrow-band ultraviolet-B (UVB) (6PJ→8S7/2) emission of Gd3+ ions. The optimal emission was obtained from Y0.9Gd0.08Bi0.02BO3 phosphor annealed at 800 °C, for which maximum quantum yields (QYs) can reach 24.75% and 1.33% under 273 nm and 532 nm excitations, respectively. The optimal QY from the Gd3+-Bi3+ co-doped YGB phosphor is 75 times the single Gd3+-doped one, illustrating that these UVB luminescent phosphors based on co-doped YBO3 orthoborates possess bright UVB emissions and good excitability under the excitation of different wavelengths. Efficient photon conversion and intense UVB emissions indicate that the multifunctional Gd3+-Bi3+ co-doped YBO3 orthoborate is a potential candidate for skin treatment.
Although methods are used to treat wounds clinically, there are still many challenges in the treatment of chronic wounds due to excessive inflammatory response, difficulties in epithelialization, ...vascularization, and other factors. With the increasing research on adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in recent years, accumulating evidence has shown that ADSCs scan promotes the healing of chronic wounds by regulating macrophage function and cellular immunity and promoting angiogenesis and epithelialization. The present study reviewed the difficulties in the treatment of chronic wounds, as well as the advantages and the mechanism of ADSCs in promoting the healing of chronic wounds, to provide a reference for the stem cell therapy of chronic wounds.
s
Nanolayered Ta
2
O
5
-Al
2
O
3
composite films were grown on
n
-type silicon by atomic layer deposition (ALD) within the overlapped ALD window of 220–270 °C. Moreover, post-annealing treatment was ...carried out to eliminate defects and improve film quality. Nanolayered Ta
2
O
5
-Al
2
O
3
composite films remain amorphous after 700 °C annealing. The effects of composition, interface, and deposition sequence on electrical properties of Ta
2
O
5
-Al
2
O
3
composite films were investigated in detail utilizing MIS devices. The results demonstrate that the formation of Ta
2
O
5
-Al
2
O
3
composite films by mixing Al
2
O
3
into Ta
2
O
5
can decrease the leakage current effectively, but it leads to the decrease of the dielectric constant and the enhancement of the hysteresis effect. The interfaces in composite films are not conducive to prevent the leakage current. The deposition sequence of Si/(Al
2
O
3
/Ta
2
O
5
)
n
, Al
2
O
3
as the first covering layer, reduces the leakage current and the hysteresis effect effectively. Therefore, the electrical properties of Ta
2
O
5
-Al
2
O
3
composite films could be regulated by adjusting components and structures via ALD to acquire relatively great dielectric constants and acceptable leakage currents.
Competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) is a transcript that can be mutually regulated at the post-transcriptional level by competing shared miRNAs. The ceRNA network connects the function of ...protein-encoded mRNA with the function of non-coding RNA, such as microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA). However, compared with the ceRNA, the identification and combined analysis of lncRNAs, mRNAs, miRNAs, and circRNAs in the cashmere fineness have not been completed. Using RNA-seq technology, we first identified the miRNAs presented in Liaoning Cashmere Goat (LCG) skin, and then analyzed the mRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs expressed in LCG and Inner Mongolia cashmere goat (MCG) skin. As a result, 464 known and 45 new miRNAs were identified in LCG skin. In LCG and MCG skin, 1222 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified, 170 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 32 differentially expressed circRNAs were obtained. Then, qRT-PCR was used to confirm further the representative lncRNAs, mRNAs, circRNAs and miRNAs. In addition, miRanda predicted the relationships of ceRNA regulatory network among lncRNAs, circRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs, the potential regulatory effects were investigated by Go and KEGG analysis. Through the screening and analysis of the results, the ceRNA network regulating cashmere fineness was constructed. LncRNA MSTRG14109.1 and circRNA452 were competed with miRNA-2330 to regulated the expression of TCHH, KRT35 and JUNB, which may provide a potential basis for further research on the process of regulating the cashmere fineness.
Nonlinear composite materials serve to homogenize electric fields and can effectively improve the local concentration of the electric field in power systems. In order to study the nonlinear surface ...conductivity properties of micro-nano epoxy composites, two types of epoxy micro-nano composite specimens were prepared in the laboratory using the co-blending method. The surface conductivity of the composites was tested under different conditions using a high-voltage DC surface conductivity test system. The results show that the surface conductivity of micro-nano structured composites increases and then decreases with the rise of nanofiller doping concentration. The nonlinear coefficient was 1.781 at 4 wt% of doped nanostructured SiC, which was the most significant nonlinear coefficient compared to other doping contents. For the same doping concentration, the micro-nano structured composites doped with nanostructured SiC have more significant surface conductivity at the same test temperature with a nonlinear coefficient of 1.635. As the temperature increases, the surface conductivity of the micro-nano structured composite increases significantly, and the threshold field strength moves towards the high electric field. Along with the increase in temperature, the nonlinear coefficients of micro-nano composites after doping with nanostructured SiC showed a gradually decreasing trend. The temperature has little effect on the nonlinear coefficients of the micro-nano structured composites after doping with O-MMT.
Amorphous Al2O3-Y2O3:Er nanolaminate films are fabricated on silicon by atomic layer deposition, and ~1530 nm electroluminescence (EL) is obtained from the metal-oxide-semiconductor light-emitting ...devices based on these nanofilms. The introduction of Y2O3 into Al2O3 reduces the electric field for Er excitation and the EL performance is significantly enhanced, while the electron injection of devices and the radiative recombination of doped Er3+ ions are not impacted. The 0.2 nm Y2O3 cladding layers for Er3+ ions increase the external quantum efficiency from ~3% to 8.7% and the power efficiency is increased by nearly one order of magnitude to 0.12%. The EL is ascribed to the impact excitation of Er3+ ions by hot electrons, which stem from Poole-Frenkel conduction mechanism under sufficient voltage within the Al2O3-Y2O3 matrix.
Breast augmentation with polyacrylamide gel (PAAG) injection was approved in China in 1998 and later banned in 2006. The ban ensued numerous complaints from patients such as pain, induration, ...deformation, infection, displacement, and milk deposition associated with PAAG injection. To date, no study has investigated the long-term effect of PAAG migration on autoimmune diseases.
We report a rare case of a 49-year-old female patient with familial vitiligo who receiving PAAG injection for breast augmentation. The patient reported to have felt persistent movement of PAAG in her thoracoabdominal area for almost 20 years. Furthermore, the PAAG-induced chronic inflammation that aggravated vitiligo, which in turn promoted skin sclerosis. This damaged the breast contracture, increased chest tightness and induced mild breathing problems.
Here, we present a rare case in which a patient with a family history of vitiligo experienced long-term complications after receiving PAAG injection for breast augmentation. This case highlights the relationship between vitiligo, migration of PAAG and tissue hardening and skin contraction.
Level V.
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have been found to have a great potential for soft tissue repair due to various biological functions, including pro-angiogenesis and low ...immunogenicity. However, the low yield and heterogeneity of MSC-EVs limited their clinical transformation. This study was designed to develop a novel adipose-derived stem cell engineered nanovesicles (ADSC-NVs) with high production and explore its pro-angiogenetic effect and application in adipose tissue regeneration.
Adipose-derived stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (ADSC-EVs) were isolated from an EVs-free culture medium for human ADSCs (hADSCs). ADSC-NVs were prepared by sequentially extruding ADSCs followed by iodixanol density gradient ultracentrifugation and were compared with ADSC-EVs in morphology, size distribution, protein contents and yield. The pro-angiogenetic effect of ADSC-NVs in different doses (0, 5, 20 and 80 μg/mL) in vitro was determined using transwell assay, tube formation assay, western blot and qRT-PCR. In vivo, BALB/c nude mice were administered injection of a mixture of fat granules and different dose of ADSC-NVs and grafts were harvested at 12 weeks post-transplantation for further analysis. By analyzing the weight and volume of grafts and histological evaluation, we investigated the effect of ADSC-NVs in vessel formation and adipose tissue regeneration.
Our results showed yield of purified ADSC-NVs was approximately 20 times more than that of ADSC-EVs secreted by the same number of ADSCs. In vitro, both ADSC-NVs and ADSC-EVs exhibited a dose-dependent pro-angiogenetic effect, despite their distinct miRNA profiles. These effects of ADSC-NVs may be mediated by enriched miR-21-5p via PTEN inhibition and PI3K/p-Akt signaling activation. Furthermore, after a mixed injection of ADSC-NVs, vessel formation and adipose regeneration were observed in vivo in fat implants.
Our study developed a potent alternative of ADSC-EVs. ADSC-NVs have a high pro-angiogenesis potential and can be used as cell-free therapeutic biomaterials in soft tissue regeneration.
The global challenge of oil pollution calls for the efficient selective recovery of oil or organics from oil-water mixtures. A pH-responsive carbon foam (CF) made from liquefied larch sawdust (LLS) ...with switchable wettability was fabricated in this work. After grafted with poly 4-vinyl pyridine (P4vp), the CF obtained a switchable wettability surface, which allowed the CF to exhibit superhydrophilicity and superhydrophobicity at different pH levels, respectively. The results revealed that the pH-responsive CF possessed a three-dimensional (3D) spongy-like skeleton and porous structure with a diameter between 50 and 200 µm. Thus, the pH-responsive CF could absorb 15-35 g/g of oil/organics in a neutral aqueous solution at pH = 7 and desorb all the absorbate within 40 s after immersion in an aqueous solution at pH = 1. Moreover, only about 2.8% loss was observed for organic (chloroform) absorption and recovery after reusing up to 15 cycles, which indicated promising prospects in oil and organic recovery.
Biomaterials used in bone tissue engineering must fulfill the requirements of osteoconduction, osteoinduction, and osseointegration. However, biomaterials with good osteoconductive properties face ...several challenges, including inadequate vascularization, limited osteoinduction and barrier ability, as well as the potential to trigger immune and inflammatory responses. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop guided bone regeneration membranes as a crucial component of tissue engineering strategies for repairing bone defects.
The mZIF-8/PLA membrane was prepared using electrospinning technology and simulated body fluid external mineralization method. Its ability to induce biomimetic mineralization was evaluated through TEM, EDS, XRD, FT-IR, zeta potential, and wettability techniques. The biocompatibility, osteoinduction properties, and osteo-immunomodulatory effects of the mZIF-8/PLA membrane were comprehensively evaluated by examining cell behaviors of surface-seeded BMSCs and macrophages, as well as the regulation of cellular genes and protein levels using PCR and WB. In vivo, the mZIF-8/PLA membrane's potential to promote bone regeneration and angiogenesis was assessed through Micro-CT and immunohistochemical staining.
The mineralized deposition enhances hydrophilicity and cell compatibility of mZIF-8/PLA membrane. mZIF-8/PLA membrane promotes up-regulation of osteogenesis and angiogenesis related factors in BMSCs. Moreover, it induces the polarization of macrophages towards the M2 phenotype and modulates the local immune microenvironment. After 4-weeks of implantation, the mZIF-8/PLA membrane successfully bridges critical bone defects and almost completely repairs the defect area after 12-weeks, while significantly improving the strength and vascularization of new bone.
The mZIF-8/PLA membrane with dual osteoconductive and immunomodulatory abilities could pave new research paths for bone tissue engineering.
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